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Doctoral Dissertation
How "Montessorian" Are the Montessori Schools? A Study of Selected "Montessori" Schools with Respect to Their Adherence to the Montessori Tradition.
Available from: ProQuest Dissertations and Theses
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Language: English
Published: New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1975
Report
The Possibility of Public Montessori Schools: Examining the Montessori philosophy and its prospect in American public schools
Available from: Vanderbilt University Institutional Repository
Americas, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., North America, Public Montessori, United States of America
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Abstract/Notes: In an effort to explore the ways in which Montessori curriculum and public schools are cooperative or mutually exclusive, I will examine the principles of the Montessori philosophy as set forth by Dr. Maria Montessori in the areas of learners and learning, the learning environment, the curriculum and instructional strategies, and student assessment. After examining these sectors of the Montessori method, I will discuss theoretical possibilities in adapting the Montessori method to the American public school system in the early 21st century. For the purpose of this paper, I will refer to the author of the Montessori method, as "Dr. Montessori" and call the general method or portions thereof as "Montessori."
Language: English
Published: Nashville, Tennessee, 2007
Bachelor's Thesis
Perbedaan tingkat kemandirian anak Prasekolah di sekolah Montessori dengan sekolah non Montessori [Differences in the level of independence of preschool children in Montessori schools and non-Montessori schools]
Available from: CORE
Asia, Australasia, Comparative education, Indonesia, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., Montessori method of education - Evaluation, Southeast Asia
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Abstract/Notes: Kemandirian adalah kemampuan seseorang untuk melakukan segala sesuatunya sendiri sesuai dengan tugas perkembangannya yang didasari oleh inisiatif, keinginan, kontrol diri dan kepercayaan pada kemampuannya sendiri. Anak perlu dilatih kemandiriannya sejak usia dini supaya tugas perkembangan dapat berkembang secara optimal. Sekolah memiliki peran penting untuk meningkatkan kemandirian anak. Menurut Santrock (2002:242), lingkungan bermain sangat penting dalam optimalisasi perkembangan anak. Salah satu sekolah dengan pendekatan seperti di atas adalah sekolah Montessori. Pendekatan Montessori menerapkan agar anak belajar mandiri dan tidak bertanya kepada guru atau menunggu jawaban (Hainstock 2008:38-40). Anak yang dididik dengan pendekatan Montessori diberi kesempatan untuk bekerja sendiri dengan material-material yang ada di lingkungannya, mengungkapkan keinginannya untuk memilih aktivitas, mengembangkan disiplin, dan anak perlu mengetahui apa yang baik dan buruk. Apabila hal-hal ini telah dipenuhi, maka kemandirian anak akan terbentuk (Modern Montessori International n.d.:40-41). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara empiris ada tidaknya perbedaan tingkat kemandirian anak prasekolah di sekolah Montessori dengan sekolah non Montessori. Subjek penelitian (N=28) adalah anak prasekolah berusia 3-4 tahun yang bersekolah di sekolah Montessori “X” dan sekolah non Montessori “Y” Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan seluruh populasi playgroup 2. Pengambilan data menggunakan rating scale terhadap kemandirian anak di sekolah Montessori maupun di sekolah non Montessori. Data dianalisis dengan teknik Uji t (t-test). Nilai t = 0.364, dengan p = 0.720 (p > 0.05) yang berarti hipotesis penelitian ditolak. Hal ini berarti tidak ada perbedaan signifikan tingkat kemandirian anak prasekolah di sekolah Montessori “X” dengan sekolah non Montessori “Y”. [Independence is a person's ability to do things on their own in accordance with their developmental tasks based on initiative, desire, self-control and belief in their own abilities. Children need to be trained to be independent from an early age so that developmental tasks can develop optimally. Schools have an important role in increasing children's independence. According to Santrock (2002: 242), the play environment is very important in optimizing children's development. One of the schools with such an approach is the Montessori school. The Montessori approach applies so that children learn independently and do not ask the teacher or wait for answers (Hainstock 2008:38-40). Children who are educated with the Montessori approach are given the opportunity to work alone with materials in their environment, express their desire to choose activities, develop discipline, and children need to know what is good and bad. If these things have been fulfilled, then the child's independence will be formed (Modern Montessori International n.d.: 40-41). This study aims to determine empirically whether there are differences in the level of independence of preschool children in Montessori schools and non-Montessori schools. The research subjects (N=28) were preschoolers aged 3-4 years who attended Montessori schools "X" and non-Montessori schools "Y" The sampling technique used the entire playgroup population 2. Data collection used a rating scale on the independence of children in Montessori schools. as well as in non-Montessori schools. The data were analyzed by using the t-test technique (t-test). The value of t = 0.364, with p = 0.720 (p > 0.05) which means the research hypothesis is rejected. This means that there is no significant difference in the level of independence of preschool children in Montessori schools "X" with non-Montessori schools "Y"]
Language: Indonesian
Published: Surabaya, Indonesia, 2009
Master's Thesis
Montessori eğitimi alan ve almayan okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların oyun davranışlarının incelenmesi / Investigation of preschool children's play behaviors in Montessori and non-Montessori preschools
Available from: Ulusal Tez Merkezi / National Thesis Center (Turkey)
Asia, Comparative education, Middle East, Montessori method of education, Preschool children - Play, Turkey, Western Asia
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Abstract/Notes: The aim of this study is to analyze the peer play behaviors of preschool children according to views of their teachers and their parents by the type of school. The research sample consisted of parents of 36-72 months old children attending Private Montessori Preschools and Private Preschools in Çankaya, Ankara (N = 243) and teachers working in these schools (N = 46). Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale-Parent Form (PIPPS-P) and Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale-Teacher Form (PIPPS-T) that were developed by Fantuzzo, Mendez and Tighe (1998) and were made its adaptation to Turkish by Ahmetoğlu, Acar and Aral (2016, 2017), General Information Form "including sociodemographic characteristics of children and their parents and General Information Form which includes sociodemographic and professional characteristics of teachers were used. The study was designed in quantitative research approach and survey method was used. While analyzing the data, Independent Sample t Test, Paired t Test and descriptive statistical methods were used. In the result of the study; it is seen that the majority of the parents in both groups are between 36 and 40 years of age, they have a job and they work, have a nuclear family, and have one child. It is observed that teachers working in Montessori Private Schools are younger, have higher level education than the teachers working in Private Schools. It was found that all of the teachers allow outdoor time to children in daily routine in both groups. Outdoor time span varies from school to school at Montessori Private Preschools. Outdoor time span varies from school to school besides it varies from teacher to teacher in the same school at Private Preschools. It has seen in the research that Private preschools' teachers didn't take Montessori teacher training and Montessori preschool teacher's took Montessori teacher training. It was determined that the teachers working in the Montessori preschools took Montessori trainings from the school director that they are working for. Factor Analyses showed that there is no significant difference in the scores of "Play Disruption" and "Play Disconnection" factors of Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale-Parent Form (PIPPS-P) and Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale-Teacher Form (PIPPS-T) (p>0,05). There is significant difference in the third factor of both scales: "Play Disconnection" (p<0,05). Teacher scores are higher than parents' scores. In addition, the opinions of the teachers who participated in the research were compared with the opinions of parents. Factor analyes show that there is significant different in all areas (p<0,05). Teacher's scores are higher than parents' scores in tha factors of "Play Disruption" and "Play Disconnection". Parents' scores are higher than teachers' scores in factor of "Play Disconnection". Preschool is a period from three to six years. This age range is a period in which children play with their peers. As a result of playing with peers, positive play behaviors ("Play Interaction") such as sharing his/her toy with a friend, showing positive emotions during the play and negative play behaviors ("Play Disruption") such as usurping his/her friend toys, crying, showing agression are common play behaviors of preschool children. As a result of the study, both the teachers and parents' opinions show that the positive and negative play behaviors of children do not differ according to the type of school. In other words, there is no difference between the positive and negative play behaviors of preschool children who attend Montessori and who attend Non-Montessori schools. According to the result, we can say that wherever there is a child there is play and this situation does not differ according to the type of school. However, according to the type of school, the point that differs is about "Play Disconnection". The scores of the "Play Disconneciton" which includes play behaviors such as wandering outside the play group, refusing to participate in play are high in Montessori group. In other words, "Play Disconnection" behaviors are more common in children who are attending Montessori schools. The reason for the result can be explained by the principles of Montessori education. The principle of free choice and respect to the child. In Montessori schools, children are not forced for anything even play. Therefore, the child participates in the play whenever he/she wants. If he/she doesn't want to participate in the play it is okey for teachers so children are free walking in a classroom, outside the play group. / Bu çalışmada; Montessori eğitimi veren özel okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden çocuklar ile MEB programı uygulayan özel okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden çocukların oyun davranışlarının, anne-baba ve öğretmen görüşlerine göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesinde bulunan Montessori eğitimi veren özel okul öncesi eğitim kurumları ve MEB programı uygulayan özel okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden 36-72 aylık çocukların anne-babaları (n=243) ve öğretmenleri (n=46) oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubundaki çocukların akran oyun davranışlarını incelemek amacıyla Fantuzzo, Mendez ve Tighe (1998) tarafından geliştirilen; Ahmetoğlu, Acar ve Aral (2016, 2017) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlaması yapılan "Penn Etkileşimli Akran Oyun Ölçeği Ebeveyn Formu (PEAOÖ-E)", "Penn Etkileşimli Akran Oyun Ölçeği Öğretmen Formu (PEAOÖ-Ö)", çocukların ve anne-babalarının sosyodemografik özelliklerini içeren "Anne-Baba Genel Bilgi Formu" ile öğretmenlerin sosyodemografik ve mesleki özelliklerini içeren "Öğretmen Genel Bilgi Formu" kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde parametrik testlerden Bağımlı Örneklem t Tesi (Independent Samples t Test) ve Bağımsız Örneklem t Testi (Paired Samples t Test), tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metotlar (yüzde, ortalama, maksimum ve minumum değerler) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada; her iki gruptaki anne-babalarının büyük çoğunluğunun 36-40 yaş aralığında olduğu, çalıştığı, çoğunluğunun çekirdek aileye ve tek çocuğa sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Montessori eğitimi uygulayan ÖOÖEK'da çalışan öğretmenlerin MEB programı uygulayan ÖOÖEK'ndaki öğretmenlere göre daha genç oldukları, lisans/lisansüstü mezuniyet oranının daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Her iki grupta da öğretmenlerin, çocukları her gün açık havaya çıkardıkları, Montessori eğitimi veren okullarda günlük açık hava saatinin sadece okuldan okula değiştiği, okul bazında ise her okulun standart bir açık hava saati uygulamasının bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. MEB programı uygulayan kuramlarda ise açık hava saatinin kurumdan kuruma ve aynı kurumda çalışan öğretmenden öğretmene değişiklik gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Montessori okullarında çalışan öğretmenlerin Montessori eğitimi almış ya da hali hazırda eğitim alıyor oldukları ve bu eğitimleri kurum müdürlerinin verdiği belirlenmiştir. Hem öğretmen (PEAOÖ-Ö) hem de ebeveyn formunun (PEAOÖ-E) "oyun etkileşimi" ve "oyunun bozulması" alt faktörlerinden alınan puanlar arasındaki farklılık anlamlı değilken (p>0,05), "oyundan kopma" davranışında Montessori eğitimi veren ÖOÖEK devam eden çocuklar yönünde anlamlı farklılık bulunduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Araştırmaya alınan çocukların akran oyun davranışlarının anne-baba ve öğretmen görüşleri arasında farklılık bulunup bulunmadığı incelenmiş; "Oyun Ektileşimi, Oyunun Bozulması ve Oyundan Kopma" faktörlerinin tümünde anlamlı farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. "Oyun Etkileşimi ve Oyunun Bozulması" alt faktörlerindeki anlamlılık öğretmen görüşü yönünde farklılık gösteriyor iken "Oyundan Kopma" alt faktörü anne-baba görüşü yönünde anlamlı farklılık göstermektedir. Okul öncesi dönem üç-altı yaş arasını kapsayan bir dönemdir. Bu yaş aralığı çocukların akranları ile yoğun bir şekilde oyun oynadıkları bir dönemdir. Akranları ile oyun oynamanın bir sonucu olarak çocuklarda "Oyun Etkileşimi" alt faktörünün altında bulunan "arkadaşı ile oyuncağını paylaşma, oyun esnasında olumlu duygular gösterme" gibi olumlu oyun davranışları ve "Oyunun Bozulması" alt faktörünün altında bulunan "arkadaşının oyuncağını zorla alma, ağlama, kızgınlık gösterme" gibi olumsuz oyun davranışlarını gösterme durumları olağandır. Araştırma sonucundan da anlaşılacağı üzere hem öğretmen hem de anne-baba görüşlerine bakıldığında çocukların olumlu ve olumsuz oyun davranışları okul türüne göre farklılık göstermemektedir. Diğer bir ifade ile Montessori eğitimi alan ve almayan okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının olumlu ve olumsuz sayılabilecek oyun davranışlarında farklılık bulunmamaktadır. Bu sonuca göre diyebiliriz ki çocuğun bulunduğu her yerde oyun da mevcuttur ve bu durum okul türüne göre farklılık göstermemektedir. Fakat okul türüne göre farklılık gösteren nokta ise "Oyundan Kopma" alt faktöründedir. "Oyun grubunun dışında gezinir, oyuna katılmayı reddetme" gibi davranışları içeren "Oyundan Kopma" alt faktörünün puanları Montessori eğitimi alan çocuklarda yüksek çıkmıştır. Yani oyundan kopma davranışı Montessori eğitimi alan çocuklarda daha sık görülmektedir. Bunun sebebi de Montessori eğtiminin ilkelerinden çocuğa saygı, özgür seçim ilkesi, konsantrasyon ile açıklanabilir. Montessori okullarında çocuklar hiçbirşey için oyun oynamak için dahi zorlanmazlar. Dolayısıyla çocuk istediği zaman oyuna katılır, istemediğinde ise sınıfta serbest gezmede özgürdür.
Language: Turkish
Published: Ankara, Turkey, 2019
Article
Maria Montessori und die Montessori-Erziehung [Maria Montessori and Montessori Education]
Publication: Pädagogische Welt, vol. 9
Date: 1955
Pages: 27-29
Europe, Germany, Western Europe
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Language: German
Book
Studien zur Montessori-Pädagogik I: Maria Montessori und die "reform-pädagogische Bewegung" [Studies on Montessori Education I: Maria Montessori and the "New Education Movement"]
Europe, Maria Montessori - Biographic sources, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., New Education Fellowship, New Education Movement, Theosophical Society, Theosophy
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Language: German
Published: Freiburg, Germany: Herder, 1986
ISBN: 978-3-451-20919-2
Article
Diffusione e Prospettive dell'Educazione Montessori in Giappone: Montessori nel Mondo [Diffusion and Perspectives of Montessori Education in Japan: Montessori in the World]
Publication: Vita dell'Infanzia (Opera Nazionale Montessori), vol. 46, no. 6
Date: 1997
Pages: 14-19
Asia, East Asia, Japan, Montessori method of education - History
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Language: Italian
ISSN: 0042-7241
Book
Hrvatska Montessori prica: nastanak i metoda prve Montessori skole [The Croatian Montessori story: Origin and model of the first Montessori school
Croatia, Eastern Europe, Europe, Montessori method of education, Montessori schools
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Language: Croatian
Published: Zagreb, Croatia: Nakladnička kuča Aagram, 2007
ISBN: 978-953-7214-07-4 953-7214-07-9
Book
L'Education Montessori: Les Principes qu'Applique Mme Montessori dans les 'Case dei Bambini' Causeries et Notes d'une Mere [Montessori Education: The Principles Applied by Montessori in 'Case dei Bambini' Mother's Talks and Notes]
Available from: HathiTrust
Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc.
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Language: French
Published: Paris, France: Librairie Fischbacher, 1915
Article
Manajemen Pendidikan Karakter Metode Montessori di Jogjakarta Montessori School [Montessori Method of Character Education Management at Jogjakarta Montessori School]
Available from: Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa
Publication: Media Manajemen Pendidikan [Educational Management Media], vol. 2, no. 2
Date: 2019
Pages: 251-259
Asia, Australasia, Indonesia, Montessori method of education, Southeast Asia
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Abstract/Notes: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manajemen pendidikan karakter yang meliputi 1) perencanaan, 2) pengorganisasian, 3) pengarahan dan pelaksanaan, 4) evaluasi dan pengendalian, 5) faktor pendukung serta 6) faktor penghambat di SD Montessori. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, studi dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif melalui tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) perencanaan manajemen pendidikan karakter pada kurikulum, pendidik, pembiayaan peserta didik, sarana dan prasarana, pembiayaan pendidikan; 2) pengorganisasian manajemen pendidikan karakter pada pelatihan guru baru, pengarahkan para guru, kesempatan bagi guru atau staf untuk berpartisipasi dalam memberikan sumbangan pikiran, mengikutsertakan yayasan, guru, staf dan komite sekolah dalam membuat perencanaan manajemen, memberikan nasehat dan arahan yang benar; 3) pelaksanaan manajemen pendidikan karakter sesuai dengan perencanaan dengan apparatus dan pendampingan dari guru; 4) evaluasi manajemen pendidikan karakter dengan melihat kemandirian dan keberanian, pembuatan project, berperilaku santun; 5) faktor pendukung meliputi kegiatan di luar sekolah bermasyarakat, kegiatan ektrakurikuler, peraturan untuk tidak memakai atribut keagamaan selama di sekolah, sarana dan prasarana sekolah, pendidik yang ramah dan perhatian, kegiatan sosial dan kerjasama dengan sekolah lain; 6) faktor penghambat pendidikan karakter pada Jogjakarta Montessori School yaitu kurangnya kerjasama orang tua siswa dalam menanamkan nilai kedisiplinan, tanggungjawab, menghargai prestasi, dan rasa ingin tahu. [This study aims to determine the management of character education which includes 1) planning, 2) organizing, 3) directing and implementing, 4) evaluation and control, 5) supporting factors and 6) inhibiting factors in SD Montessori. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that: 1) character education management planning in the curriculum, educators, student funding, facilities and infrastructure, education financing; 2) organizing character education management on new teacher training, directing teachers, opportunities for teachers or staff to participate in contributing ideas, involving foundations, teachers, staff and school committees in making management plans, providing correct advice and direction; 3) implementation of character education management in accordance with planning with apparatus and mentoring from teachers; 4) evaluation of character education management by looking at independence and courage, making projects, behaving politely; 5) supporting factors include activities outside of school in the community, extracurricular activities, regulations not to use religious attributes while at school, school facilities and infrastructure, friendly and caring educators, social activities and collaboration with other schools; 6) the inhibiting factor for character education at Jogjakarta Montessori School is the lack of cooperation between parents in instilling the values of discipline, responsibility, respect for achievement, and curiosity.]
Language: Indonesian
ISSN: 2622-3694