Abstract/Notes: In questa prima fase della ricerca - ancora in itinere - si compie un’analisi storico-pedagogica del rapporto infanzia/famiglie/istituzioni. L’indagine si focalizza sulle trasformazioni dei modelli familiari, visti nella loro interdipendenza con l’elaborazione di nuove pratiche educative. Al riguardo, l’avvento del’900 si profila come un passaggio importante, che trova un suo esito nel volume di Ellen Key, Il secolo dei fanciulli. Proprio in quest’opera, la scrittrice svedese elabora una nuova idea di “maternità” e di “paternità” che pone al centro i bisogni e le esigenze infantili. La sua prospettiva diventa oggetto di dibattito, agli inizi del secolo scorso, sia in campo pedagogico, sia in campo femminista, soprattutto in merito al dilemma per la donna di coniugare insieme sfera pubblica e sfera privata, maternità e autonomia individuale. Secondo l’ipotesi qui evidenziata è in particolare Maria Montessori a raccogliere la sfida di Ellen Key, con il suo esperimento pedagogico della “Casa dei bambini”, in cui lo spazio domestico, “privato” si trasforma in uno spazio scolastico, “pubblico”, a misura di “bambino” (valenza estetica degli ambienti, cura delle relazioni umane, ecc.). [In the first phase of research it conducts an historical and pedagogical analysis on the relationship between childhoods, families and institutions, identifying family-models changes and their interdependence with the elaboration of new educative practices. At the beginning of twentieth century, Ellen Key wrote the famous book The century of children. Following the introduction of Modernity age, the author defined a new idea of “motherhood” and “fatherhood” which focused on childish subjects’ needs and requirements. Her prospective became item of debate both in pedagogic and in feminist fields, especially in regard to women’s dilemma on how to combine public and private life, motherhood and individual autonomy. In particular, Maria Montessori took up the Ellen Key challenge, in fact she made the pedagogical experiment of Children’s House, where domestic space became institutional space (settings’ aesthetic quality, human relationships’ care).]

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.6092/issn.1970-2221/1767

ISSN: 1970-2221

Abstract/Notes: L’articolo presenta una ricerca basata sull’osservazione di un contesto educativo di ispirazione montessoriana. La ricerca intendeva mettere in luce gli atteggiamenti, le proposte e le strategie delle educatrici, e le risposte dei bambini a queste sollecitazioni. Il testo si articola in una introduzione metodologica che illustra il tipo di servizio educativo, la metodologia di osservazione adottata e la traccia che ha gui-dato le osservazioni; seguono alcune considerazioni sull’autonomia del bambino, l’attenzione al singolo bambino e la cura del bambino, emerse dalla analisi delle osservazioni; conclude l’articolo la trascrizione di una delle tre osservazioni condotte. [The paper presents an observational study carried on in an early educational context inspired to Montessori approach. It is aimed at illustrating the educators’ attitudes, behaviours, and educational strategies and the children’s reactions to them. First, the educational approach of the centre and the observational methodology are described. Then, a detailed analysis of the observations with regard to the educators’ support to child autonomy, attention to children’s requests and needs, and care behaviours is presented. Finally, the transcript of a whole observation is reported.]

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.6092/issn.1970-2221/1760

ISSN: 1970-2221

Abstract/Notes: Article presented at International Workshop “Children and Families; critical issues and socio-cultural resources”, Bologna October 16th 2009.

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.6092/issn.1970-2221/1772

ISSN: 1970-2221

Abstract/Notes: Nella riflessione montessoriana, la figura dell’insegnante assume significati altamente innovativi che ne rivelano il grado estremo di complessità, evidenziando suggestive e mai risolte ambivalenze. [In Montessori's reflection, the figure of the teacher takes on highly innovative meanings that reveal the extreme degree of complexity, highlighting suggestive and never resolved ambivalences.]

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.6092/issn.1970-2221/1491

ISSN: 1970-2221

Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori est entrée dans l’histoire avec l’élaboration d’une méthode qui s’appuie sur une vision de l’éducation comme ensemble de pratiques basées sur les ressources de l’élève et son élan vers l’exploration et la compréhension du monde. Cette éducation, capable, d’une part, de répondre aux besoins spécifiques et aux centres d’intérêts de l’enfant et, d’autre part, de respecter son rythme de développement, suppose de repenser entièrement les rôles traditionnels d’enseignant et d’élève. Quelles sont les conditions historiques et culturelles qui ont favorisé l’émergence de la pédagogie montessorienne? Quels obstacles ont rencontré la circulation de la méthode montessorienne et sa mise en œuvre dans les écoles? Quelle est la contribution de l’approche montessorienne à l’idée contemporaine d’éducation et d’école? L’article explore l’expérience montessorienne et son héritage, afin de proposer quelques réponses à ces questions. [Maria Montessori went down in history with the development of a method that is based on a vision of education as a set of practices based on the student's resources and his drive towards the exploration and understanding of world. This education, capable, on the one hand, of meeting the specific needs and centers of interest of the child and, on the other hand, of respecting its pace of development, involves completely rethinking the traditional roles of teacher and student. What are the historical and cultural conditions that favored the emergence of Montessorian pedagogy? What obstacles have encountered the circulation of the Montessorian method and its implementation in schools? What is the contribution of the Montessorian approach to the contemporary idea of ​​education and school? The article explores the Montessorian experience and its heritage, in order to offer some answers to these questions.]

Language: French

DOI: 10.4000/ries.7162

ISSN: 1254-4590

Language: French

ISSN: 0035-3833

Language: French

ISSN: 0035-3833

Abstract/Notes: Les écoles Montessori se multiplient dans tous les pays du monde. L’article s’appuie sur l’étude de l’auto-présentation d’une centaine d’écoles, pour montrer qu’elles sont très diverses. Dans un contexte d’accentuation du consumérisme scolaire et du développement de nouvelles classes moyennes des pays émergents soucieuses d’éducation, le succès international de cette pédagogie tient au fait qu’elle est fondée sur l’utilisation d’un matériel très concret qui la rend immédiatement compréhensible et qu’elle est, de toutes les pédagogies nouvelles, la moins subversive et la plus acceptable socialement. Surtout, cette pédagogie réussit à concilier des exigences qui semblent en partie contradictoires : en mettant à la fois l’accent sur les apprentissages académiques précoces et sur le bien-être et l’autonomie des élèves ; en se présentant aussi comme une pédagogie « de l’élite » mais accessible à tous et favorisant la réussite des plus défavorisés ; en conciliant enfin modernité et religion. [Montessori schools are multiplying in all countries of the world. The article is based on the study of the self-presentation of a hundred schools, to show that they are very diverse. In a context of accentuation of school consumerism and the development of new middle classes of emerging countries concerned with education, the international success of this pedagogy is due to the fact that it is based on the use of very concrete material which makes it immediately understandable and that it is, of all new pedagogies, the least subversive and the most socially acceptable. Above all, this pedagogy succeeds in reconciling requirements which seem in part contradictory: by emphasizing both early academic learning and the well-being and autonomy of the pupils; by also presenting itself as an “elite” pedagogy but accessible to all and promoting the success of the most disadvantaged; finally reconciling modernity and religion.]

Language: French

DOI: 10.4000/ries.6047

ISSN: 1254-4590

Abstract/Notes: Montessori method arrived in China at the time when Chinese scholars wanted to established Chinese version kindergartens with modern and scienti c teaching method and tools. rough translation and expert coming to China, Chinese scholars introduced Montessori thought into China. However, the study on Montessori method only stopped at the step of translating Montessori’s theory and trying to reshape the didactic materials. In spite of two short-lived success examples in the 1920s and 1930s, it was never large-scale applied in China. Except the expensive of the didactic tools, lacking spokesman and teachers were the main reason for the failure of the method.

Language: English

DOI: 10.20952/revtee.v11i26.9011

ISSN: 2358-1425

Abstract/Notes: El escrito se fundamenta en una revisión curricular desde lo planteado y lo ejecutado en la Escuela Normal Superior Distrital María Montessori, cuyo fin esevidenciar los alcances positivos y negativos del enfoque pedagógico. Losparámetros tenidos en cuenta para la revisión se remiten a la relación quemantienen docentes y estudiantes, la cual vincula varios procesos educativosentre los cuales se enfatiza en la evaluación y el proceso de enseñanza dirigidapor el docente. Como respuesta a este seguimiento se tiene que la evaluación enla escuela no ha logrado transgredir las barreras de la educación tradicional,resumiéndose en una cuestión sumativa, que cumple vagamente con lo expuestoen la educación constructivista. Así mismo el manejo de las sesiones por parte deldocente, resulta atractiva a los estudiantes, sin embargo puede ser másproductiva.

Language: Spanish

DOI: 10.17227/01203916.3464

ISSN: 2323-0126