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Article
The Epistemology Behind the Educational Philosophy of Montessori: Senses, Concepts, and Choice
Available from: Simon Fraser University
Publication: Philosophical Inquiry in Education, vol. 23, no. 2
Date: 2016
Pages: 125–140
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Abstract/Notes: This article seeks to re-introduce Dr. Maria Montessori’s educational philosophy, which has been absent from modern philosophy of education literature. It describes and analyzes crucial aspects of her epistemology, as best known through her Method. Discussed are the need for early education, the development of the senses, and the exercise of choice by the students. Concept formation is also shown to be an important part of Montessori’s philosophy of instruction. This article concludes with a brief resolution of the “is–ought” objection as framed by Scheffler that might be waged against Montessori’s approach.
Language: English
ISSN: 2369-8659
Article
Montessori's Vision for Educational and Social Transformation
Available from: ProQuest
Publication: Montessori Life, vol. 34, no. 4
Date: Winter 2023
Pages: 34
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Abstract/Notes: Montessori's acceptance into medical school was a personal achievement and would have ramifications for the lives of a multitude of future generations. In March 1896, she was invited to the first Women's International Congress, in Berlin, where she spoke of the need for equal pay for equal work for women. Montessori's vision for social change has filtered into early childhood classrooms, and public Montessori schools have entered the mainstream, touching the lives of millions of children.
Language: English
ISSN: 1054-0040
Article
Integrating the Educational Principles of Maria Montessori in the Process of Pedagogical Support for Pupils with Learning Disabilities
Available from: EconJournals
Publication: International Review of Management and Marketing, vol. 6, no. 3S
Date: 2016
Pages: 118-124
Asia, Children with disabilities, Eastern Europe, Inclusive education, Inclusive education, Learning disabilities, Maria Montessori - Philosophy, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., People with disabilities, Russia, Special education, Western Asia
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Abstract/Notes: The purpose of the present article was to search for new ways of individual pedagogical support for primary school children with learning disabilities. The article describes the mechanisms for putting the educational principles of Maria Montessori into the system of pedagogical support for children with learning disabilities, which apply the exercises of practical life to a real social environment. The objective of the exercises was to develop universal learning activities, e.g., the ability to plan and manage a child's activity, to reflect its results, to build up communication, to encourage cognitive development.Keywords: learning disabilities, individual pedagogical support, Maria Montessori, universal learning activitiesJEL Classifications: I20; I23
Language: English
ISSN: 2146-4405
Article
Interaction Between Educational Approach and Space: The Case of Montessori
Available from: Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education
Publication: Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 14, no. 1
Date: 2017
Pages: 265-274
Architecture, Design, Learning environments
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Abstract/Notes: This study aims to emphasize that the realization of effective educational approaches depends on the design of spaces suitable for the determined philosophy, and to reveal the design decisions required by the Montessori educational approach. A three-step method was followed in the line of the aim of this study. The first step is to acquire theoretical knowledge about the Montessori educational approach. The second step is to perform a spatial analysis based on the obtained plan schedules and visual materials from the school samples that have adopted the Montessori educational approach and designed by the designers according to this approach and the final step is to bring design decisions to designers and educators in order to create educational environments for the Montessori educational approach, depending on the literature and school analysis. In the study, it is observed in Montessori educational approach that the relationship between interior and exterior spaces is very important, that the circulation spaces and classrooms are designed as flexible multipurpose spaces depending on the basic principles of freedom, socialization, and that child-scale design and natural light are extremely important for all of the areas in question. It is seen that the Montessori approach is influential on educational spaces and the presence of spaces embodying this approach has a correspondence in architecture. In this context, this study, which reveals the relationship between learning environments and learning efficiency, is considered to be a source of data for the schools to be designed in this direction.
Language: English
ISSN: 1305-8215, 1305-8223
Article
Student Adjustment to Higher Education: The Role of Alternative Educational Pathways in Coping with the Demands of Student Life
Available from: Springer Link
Publication: Higher Education, vol. 59, no. 3
Date: 2010
Pages: 353-366
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Abstract/Notes: The present longitudinal study measured student adjustment to higher education, comparing 50 participants from alternative schools (Steiner, Montessori, New Schools) with 80 students from the traditional school system. We hypothesized that students from alternative schools adapt better, because of greater perceived social support, academic self-efficacy, and task-oriented coping styles. Measures were taken during the last school year (baseline characteristics), and at the beginning of the first and last terms of the first year in higher education. The quality of adjustment was assessed through academic results, and physical and psychological well-being. The following instruments were used: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory by Spielberger (1983), the 13-items Depression Inventory by Beck et al. (1961), the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations by Endler and Parker (1990), and semi-directed interviews. Results show that students from alternative schools adjust better to higher education: they report less anxiety and depression symptoms, and show greater life satisfaction and academic achievement.
Language: English
DOI: 10.1007/s10734-009-9252-7
ISSN: 1573-174X
Article
Re‐Imagining Teachers’ Work: Photographs of Blackfriars School, Sydney, 1913‐1923 as Representations of an Educational Alternative
Available from: Emerald Insight
Publication: History of Education Review, vol. 38, no. 2
Date: 2009
Pages: 82-93
Australasia, Australia, Australia and New Zealand, Blackfriars School (Sydney, Australia), Montessori method of education, Montessori schools, Oceania, Teachers
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Abstract/Notes: Visual representations of teachers and teachers’ work over the past century and a half, in both professional literature and popular media, commonly construct teachers’ work as teacher‐centred, and built around specific technologies that privilege the teacher as the active, dominant and legitimate principal agent in the educational process. This article analyses a set of photographs that represent an ‘alternative’ educational approach to normalised mainstream schooling, to explore the ways such practices might enact pedagogy within different social relations. Butler’s discussions of performativity and Foucault’s concept of technologies of self, offer a theoretical framework for understanding the educative and political work such visual representations of teachers work might perform, in the construction of capacities to imagine what teachers’ work looks like, with implications for capacities to enact teaching. The photographs analysed present a pedagogy in which the teacher is less visibly central and less overtly directive in relation to children’s learning than in normalised pedagogy. Thus, in important respects, they offer material from which to construct a different vision of what teachers’ work looks like, and, consequently, to enact teachers’ work differently. In this article I explore a set of photographs of Montessori methods at Blackfriars School in Sydney in the early twentieth century. I do so in order to establish whether such photographs offer a representation of teaching that differs significantly from conventional ‘normalised’ understandings of teachers’ work. This in turn is intended to inform one part of a transformative agenda to address problematic aspects of contemporary schooling.
Language: English
DOI: 10.1108/08198691200900015
ISSN: 0819-8691
Article
“The Ayn Rand School for Tots”: John Dewey, Maria Montessori, and Objectivist Educational Philosophy during the Postwar Years
Available from: Historical Studies in Education (Canada)
Publication: Historical Studies in Education/Revue d'histoire de l'éducation, vol. 25, no. 1
Date: 2013
John Dewey - Philosophy, Maria Montessori - Philosophy, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., Objectivism (Philosophy) - Criticism, interpretation, etc., Progressive education - Criticism, interpretation, etc.
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Abstract/Notes: Objectivism, the libertarian philosophy established by Ayn Rand during the postwar years, has attracted a great deal of attention from philosophers, political scientists, economists, and English professors alike in recent years, but it hasn’t received much notice from historians with an interest in education. This article will address that problem by discussing how Rand and her followers established a philosophy of education during the 1960s and 1970s that was based, in part, on vilifying the so-called collectivist ideas of John Dewey and lionizing the so-called individualist ideas of Maria Montessori. Unfortunately, the narrative that emerged during this time seriously misrepresented the ideas of both Dewey and Montessori, resulting in a somewhat distorted view of both educators.
Language: English
DOI: 10.32316/hse/rhe.v25i1.4285
ISSN: 0843-5057, 1911-9674
Article
Montessori Pedagogy, an educational alternative, from Romania: Evolution from the beginning of the 20th century until the Second World War contribution
Available from: Università di Macerata
Publication: History of Education and Children's Literature (HECL), vol. 13, no. 2
Date: 2018
Pages: 511-518
Eastern Europe, Europe, Romania
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Abstract/Notes: Montessori Pedagogy, having as a founder M. Montessori, Italian physician and pedagogue, is one of the alternatives that entered Romania at the beginning of the 20th century, due to the opening of the occupants of those times. We present in this paper the evolution in Romania of Montessori pedagogy and educational alternative, from the beginning to the Second World War. We will refer to the interest that the ideas of M. Montessori have made, translations of her works in Romanian, as well as the writings of some Romanian specialists who have popularized and supported her. We will bring readers’ attention and involvement issues by attending conferences and training courses for teachers, by setting up the Montessori schools and the role of renowned personalities in the development of the Montessori alternative and the Montessori Association, an expression of the interest and appreciation.
Language: Italian
ISSN: 1971-1093, 1971-1131
Article
Outdoor Learning, A Pathway to Transformational Learning? Or Another Educational Gimmick?
Available from: Infonomics Society
Publication: International Journal for Cross-Disciplinary Subjects in Education, vol. 13, no. 1
Date: 2022
Pages: 4600-4611
Comparative education, Environmental education, Montessori method of education, Nature education, Outdoor education, Transformative learning
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Abstract/Notes: Outdoor learning is one of the newest terminologies and implementations of using the outdoors as a part of education. This paper provides an in-depth overview to answer the question, is outdoor learning a pathway to transformational learning or another educational gimmick? To answer this question, this paper will focus on six fundamental sections. This paper begins by highlighting the ambiguity throughout history in defining education outside the classroom, with more than 75 different terminologies used to refer to education in the outdoors. The second theme is that despite this contemporary emergence, outdoor learning has a long and varied history within education, with modern elements of outdoor learning being traced back thousands of years in indigenous cultures. Then being refined throughout the 21st century before settling on the current contemporary form of outdoor learning. The third theme of this paper looks at the benefits of outdoor learning, summarized into six critical sections. These benefits include health and wellbeing, social-emotional and cognitive development, academic and behavioral benefits, memory benefits, increased positive attitudes towards the environment, and positive teacher benefits. The fourth theme of this paper reviews the barriers and challenges to implementing outdoor learning within schooling, with four primary barriers being identified. These barriers include outdoor learning having no formal status in teachers’ educational practice, a lack of teacher confidence in their outdoor teaching expertise, difficulty in starting an outdoor learning program, and physical restraints such as school grounds and weather. The penultimate theme of this paper reviews critical considerations that must be addressed when implementing an outdoor learning program; this includes cost, student numbers, transportation, insurance, time, framework, skills, assessments, the curriculum, and training. The final theme of this paper unpacks the effects of COVID-19 on outdoor learning within all levels of schooling. Initially seen as a method to return to school by being outdoors, outdoor learning has since demonstrated to educators worldwide that it deserves to be embedded as an everyday part of education even after the pandemic subsides.
Language: English
DOI: 10.20533/ijcdse.2042.6364.2022.0565
ISSN: 2042-6364
Article
Educational Philosophy of Maria Montessori: A Coordination Between the Teacher and Child
Available from: International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Scientific Research
Publication: International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, vol. 4, no. 11
Date: Nov 2021
Pages: 11-22
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Abstract/Notes: Dr. Maria Montessori is the founder of the Montessori Method of education. She was the first woman in Italy to receive a Doctor of Medicine degree. Maria Montessori approached education from a scientific standpoint because she was a doctor. Education, she believed, should prepare a person for all parts of life. She created resources and approaches to encourage child' natural learning growth. They're found in every Montessori classroom. Working with these materials and procedures establishes a pattern those youngsters naturally take over to reading, writing, and math. Each talent is designed to work in collaboration with the others. Maria Montessori was the first woman to enter the world of education as a result of his close involvement with the education and development of mentally challenged children. Her contribution to early childhood education, particularly for mentally challenged children, has transformed the educational world. In fact, practically every civilized country feels the impact of her unique style of teaching young children in some way. The world was taken aback by the apparently unbelievable actions of slum youngsters in Rome's first Casa dei Bambini (children's home). Her efforts and dedication in transforming mentally challenged children into normal children by teaching the 3 R’s using didactic equipment have earned her indelible fame in the history of education. It was seen at the time of her demise when tributes to her life-long labour on behalf of appeared in the press from every part of the world. In fact, her selfless sacrifice and dedication has developed hope and courage in the life of mentally challenged children, which made her to be ranked among the forerunners of great educators. Today. Montessori Method flashes like a comet across the educational horizon. Montessori learning environments, also known as prepared environments, provide children the freedom to pick their own work and design their own learning. Because the child is in the centre and the teacher's tasks differ from those of typical school teachers, the direction of communication and coordination between the child and the teacher is defined accordingly. The purpose of this research is to look into Montessori teachers' coordination and teamwork with children.
Language: English
ISSN: 2581-4281