Abstract/Notes: This research carried out in order to reveal the Italian researcher Maria Montessori’s understanding on the characteristics of early childhood period has been prepared as an edited work. In this study, the results of the scientific researches given reference or done by Montessori on the nature of the child were given place. In this respect the study sets forth Montessori’s understanding concerning the characteristics of the early childhood period under the light of scientific data. According to the findings obtained as a result of the research, it was seen that childhood period is a phase with distinctive characteristics and that children have many extraordinary and temporary skills. However, childhood period is generally perceived by adults only as a transitional period. Within this context, adults and educators were given recommendations. / İtalyan araştırmacı Maria Montessori’nin erken çocukluk döneminin özelliklerine ilişkin anlayışını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılan bu araştırma, derleme biçiminde yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada çocuğun doğasına ilişkin Montessori’nin atıfta bulunduğu ve bizzat kendisinin yaptığı bilimsel araştırmaların sonuçlarına yer verilmiştir. Çalışma bu yönüyle Montessori’nin erken çocukluk döneminin özelliklerine ilişkin anlayışını bilimsel verilerin ışığında ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, çocukluk döneminin kendine özgü özellikleri olan bir evre olduğu ve çocukların çok sayıda olağanüstü ve geçici yeteneklere sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Oysa çocukluk dönemi genellikle yetişkinler tarafından sadece bir geçiş aşaması olarak algılanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda yetişkinlere ve eğitimcilere önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Language: Turkish

ISSN: 1305-0060

Abstract/Notes: The extent to which early childhood programs produce long-term benefits in children's cognitive development, socialization, and school success is a matter of some controversy. This article reviews 36 studies of both model demonstration projects and large-scale public programs to examine the long-term effects of these programs on children from low-income families. The review carefully considers issues related to research design. It includes studies of preschool education, Head Start, child care, and home visiting programs, and focuses primarily on the effects of program participation on children's cognitive development. Results indicate that early childhood programs can produce large short-term benefits for children on intelligence quotient (IQ) and sizable long-term effects on school achievement, grade retention, placement in special education, and social adjustment. Not all programs produce these benefits, perhaps because of differences in quality and funding across programs. The article concludes with recommendations for future action.

Language: English

ISSN: 1054-8289, 1550-1558

Abstract/Notes: The concept of domesticity plays out in early childhood educational settings and has a long tradition. Domesticity in its pre-domestic, domestic and post-domestic phases is used here as a site for reconsidering the role of Maria Montessori. The ideas put forward here are intended as a provocation and methodologically the device of constructing an assemblage of materials from various sources is used to enable different ideas to be brought forward. New possibilities emerged through a diffractive approach to this theoretically driven work. The ambiguities Montessori embodied in her life are revisited and by looking at her focus on the materials of ‘practical life’ a way to be intra-activelyengaged with regenerative forces became possible. Repositioning Maria Montessori as ‘domestic goddess’ tangles with contemporary ideas in order to unsettle her image. This analysis draws on new feminist materialist theoryto question what being domestic/ate/d means in terms of being a woman in a femin/ised/ist educational space.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/09540253.2017.1396293

ISSN: 0954-0253

Abstract/Notes: This study aims to describe the inculcation of Islamic religious values ​​for early childhood through the Montessori method. The method initiated by Maria Montessori, Italy has its own challenges due to the different years and places. This research was conducted in a kindergarten with an Islamic Montessori curriculum in Yogyakarta. The method in this research is qualitative analysis with data sources from observation and in-depth interviews with informants. The results of this study indicate that the cultivation of Islamic religious values ​​is carried out in the Montessori learning process. The learning curriculum indirectly contributes to the model of inculcating Islamic values. The form of Islamic religious values ​​is instilled with habituation, collaborative lectures with fun activities for children, and in the provision of teaching materials and food served to children. This method was successfully implemented in kindergarten with the expected results. In addition, Montessori learning does not experience difficulties and is very easy to use to apply Islamic religious values ​​even though they are initiated from different places and distances.

Language: English

ISSN: 2503-3042

Language: English

DOI: 10.1353/ctn.2012.0004

ISSN: 1075-7201

Abstract/Notes: This article describes in some detail the Indian National Education Policy of 1986 which proposes a multifaceted approach to the training of personnel working with preschool children and their families. The magnitude of the challenges for current and training staff is discussed and some innovative programs for young children are presented in detail. Consideration is given to the nature of the training required to put these programs into practice in a country as diverse as India. There are many different programs designed to enable staff, many of whom have received only short periods of training, to execute the content based on basic child development knowledge. In all program modalities, the emphasis is on an integral approach that includes educational activity in health care, and if necessary a food supplement if necessary. Each type of program is designed to meet a specific need. In some projects, such as Anganwadi and Crèches Mobiles, basic staff training is supervised and extended by formally trained project managers, whose task is to engage staff in on-the-job training, at the same time. as their knowledge and understanding grows. This article shows how the service manages to employ staff from extremely diverse backgrounds and educational backgrounds. [Cet article décrit de façon assez détaillée la Politique Educative Nationale Indienne de 1986 qui propose une approche à multiples facettes de la formation du personnel travaillant avec les enfants d’âge préscolaire et leurs familles. On discute de l’ampleur des défis relatifs au personnel en fonction et en formation et on présente en détail quelques programmes innovateurs pour jeunes enfants. On considère la nature de la formation nécessaire pour la mise en pratique de ces programmes dans un pays aussi vaste divers que l’Inde. Il existe beaucoup de programmes différents concus pour permettre aux personnels, dont beaucoup n’ont reçu que de courtes périodes de formation, d’en exécuter le contenu à partir de connaissances de base du développement de l’enfant. Dans toutes les modalités de programme, l’accent porté sur une approche intégrale qui englobe l’activité éducative dans les soins d’ordre sanitaire, et au besoin un supplément alimentaire si nécessaire. Chaque type de programme est élaboré pour répondre à un besoin spécifique. Dans certains projets, comme ceux d’Anganwadi et des Crèches Mobiles, la formation de base du personnel est supervisée et étendue par des responsables de projet officiellement formés, dont la tâche consiste à engager le personnel dans une formation en cours d’emploi, au fur et à mesure que leurs connaissances et leur compréhension se développent. Cet article montre comment le service arrive à employer des personnels dont l’origine et l’expérience éducative sont extrêmement diverses. / Este artículo describe con basante detalles la Política Educativa Nacional de la India en 1986 que propone enfoques con múltiplos aspectos al problema de la formación del personal trabajando con niños de edad preescolar y sus familias. Se discute de la amplitude de los desafíos relativos al personal empleado y en periodo de formación, y se presenta con detalles algunos programas innovadores para niños pequeños. Se considera la naturaleza de la formación necessaria para poner en práctica esos programas en un país tan grande y tan variado como la India. Hay muchos programas que permiten a los distintos personales, entre los cuales hay muchos que han tenido solo cortes períodos de formación, de efectu su contenido partiendo de conocimientos básicos sobrer el desarollo del niño. En todas las versiones, se ha puesto el énfasis sobre enfoque integral, incluiendo actividad educativa con atención sanitaria y un suplemento alimenticio donde es necesario. Cada tipo de programa fue elaborado para responder a una necasidad específica. En algunos proyectos, como Anganwadi o Creches Moviles, la formación de base del personal está supervisada y ampliada por responsables del proyecto oficialmente preparados, cuya tarea es de comprometer el personal en una formación continua, a medida que se desarollen sus conocimientos y su comprensión. Este artículo demuestra como el servicio llega a emplear personas de experiencia educativa y origen muy distintos.]

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BF03175503

ISSN: 0020-7187, 1878-4658

Abstract/Notes: The researcher examined how Nonviolent Communication (NVC) incorporated into a Montessori primary classroom would impact student’s social-emotional learning. The students participating in this research came from multiple ethnic groups and nine were non-English speakers. Some showed evidence of trauma that resulted from living in home environments that experienced instability. The researcher modeled NVC communication in her interactions with students whenever possible and then observed and documented their reactions and behaviors during lessons on social skills in 15-minute intervals over 3 weeks. She observed students engaged in describing their feelings and concluded that NVC can be effective with consistency and guidance from the educator in a culturally competent classroom. Further research is needed to determine if NVC can be useful in enriching SEL competencies in early childhood classrooms with ELL students and students with varying degrees of trauma. This research aimed to fill the gap.

Language: English

Published: St. Paul, Minnesota, 2020

Abstract/Notes: Zusammenfassung: Jungen mit Fragilem-X-Syndrom weisen im Schul- und Jugendalter charakteristische Merkmale des körperlichen Erscheinungsbildes, der Entwicklung und des Verhaltens auf. Es werden vorläufige Beobachtungen an zehn Jungen im frühen Kindesalter mitgeteilt. Im Vergleich zu den Befunden bei älteren Kindern sind schwere kognitive Behinderungen und kommunikative Auffälligkeiten seltener. Im Spielverhalten in einer Montessori-Übungssituation zeigen Jungen mit dieser genetischen Besonderheit sehr wohl die Fähigkeit zu gezieltem und kooperativem Spiel, aber weniger Ausdauer und Selbstorganisation bei zielgerichteten Tätigkeiten. Die Unterschiede sind signifikant im Vergleich zu nicht-behinderten Kindern bzw. Kindern gleichen Behinderungsgrades, aber anderer Behinderungsursache und als Merkmale des Verhaltensphänotyps bei Jungen mit fragilem-X-Syndrom zu verstehen. [Summary:Boys with Fragile X syndrome show characteristic features of physical appearance, development and behavior in school and adolescence. Preliminary observations on ten boys in early childhood are reported. Compared to the findings in older children, severe cognitive disabilities and communicative abnormalities are less common. In play behavior in a Montessori exercise situation, boys with this genetic peculiarity do show the ability for targeted and cooperative play, but less perseverance and self-organization in targeted activities. The differences are significant compared to non-disabled children or children of the same degree of disability, Play and communicative behavior in young boys with fragile-X syndrome Summary: Reports on development and behavior in boys with fragile-X syndrome support the idea of ​​a characteristic behavioral phenotype in this special population. Preliminary results are presented for 10 boys with fragile-X syndrome in early childhood. Severe mental handicaps and communicative abnormalities are observed less frequently than was expected on the basis of results reported for school-age children or adults. Boys with fragile-X syndrome show goal-directed and cooperative play behaviors in a Montessori play session, but less persistence and organization than children with normal development or a mental handicap of heterogeneous origin. Results confirmed these behavioral differences as characteristic aspects of a "behavioral phenotype" in children who already in early childhood have fragile-X syndrome.]

Language: German

DOI: 10.1024//1422-4917.27.3.175

ISSN: 1422-4917

Abstract/Notes: This work deals with the professional development of “Preschool Educators” (concerned with the education of children between the ages of 3 and 6 in Ireland and Germany. It describes the training that is given in both countries and gives all kinds of details about the courses that In Germany the majority of 3 or 6-year-olds are educated by "auxiliaries" while in Ireland the majority of children between the ages of 4 and 6 are educated by perfectly qualified primary school teachers with a Bacharell degree. Irish children 3 0 4 years old (technical word I understand) thirty “Preschool Playgroups, Naonraí (Irish language) and Montessori Schools. This article analyzes the training of all the above mentioned personal types and concludes with a“ critical ”discussion on the training systems of the children. preschool teachers from each country. [Cet article explique le développement professionnel des Educateurs de la Petite Enfance (concernés par l’éducation des enfants de 3 à 6 ans en Irlande et en Allemagne. Il décrit la formation donnée dans les 2 pays et donne des détails sur les cours qu’ils entreprennent. En Allemagne, la majorité des 3 à 6 ans sont pris en charge par des ‘Educatrices’ (éducateurs/puèricultrices) tandis qu’en Irlande la majorité des 4 à 6 ans reçoivent un enseignement par des professeurs qualifiés avec un B.Ed. degré. Les 3 à 4 ans irlandais fréquentent les groupes de jeux préscolaires, les groupes de jeux parlant l’Irlandais—les Naonraí—et les écoles Montessori. Cet article considére la formation de tous les types de personnels cités plus haut et il se conclut par une discussion critique sur le système de formation préscolaire dans chaque pays. / Este trabajo trata el desarrollo profesional de los “Educadores de Preescolar” (preocupados con la educación de niños entre los 3 y 6 años en Irlanda y Alemania. Describe el entrenamiento que se da en ambos países y da todo tipo de detalles sobre los cursos que frecuentan. El alemania la mayoria de niños de 3 0 6 años que son educados por “auxiliares” mientras que en Irlande la mayoria de niños entre los 4 y 6 años son educados por profesores de primaria perfectamente cualificados con un grado Bacharell. Los niños Irlandeses de 3 0 4 años (palabra tecnica ne entiendo) trecuentan “Preschool Playgroups, Naonraí (lingua Irlandesa) y Escolas Montessori. Este articulo analiza el entrenamiento detodos tipos personal encima indicados y concluye con una discusión “critica” sobre los sistemas de entrenamiento de los profesores de preescolar de cada país.]

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BF03178101

ISSN: 0020-7187, 1878-4658

Abstract/Notes: The present call for structured mathematics programmes in preschools continues a trend from the nineteenth century, in which young children’s lack of mathematical knowledge was considered to have a detrimental effect on their individual futures and those of the wider society. In this paper, an investigation of the philosophies behind several early childhood programmes shows that there is a long-standing acceptance that those not living in poverty should make decisions about the education, including the mathematics education, that children who are living in poverty should engage in. Consequently, the philosophies behind these programmes, and with them the advocated mathematics education, contribute to a homogenised view of the child. This fails to recognise the attributes that children and their communities have and situates those living in poverty as being deviant. The strong promotion in this century of structured mathematics education programmes is solidifying this homogenising process in a manner not seen in previous early childhood programmes.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/s11858-014-0578-y

ISSN: 1863-9704