Language: Italian

Abstract/Notes: Montessori pedagógiáját a kutatók nevezik fejlesztő vagy fejlődéspedagógiának. Magyarországon az utóbbi évtizedben a pedagógiai gyakorlatban fejlesztő pedagógiaként jelenítik meg. Mária Montessori módszerét fejlesztő pedagógiai módszernek tekinthetjük, mert sajátos nevelési szükségletű gyermekek fejlesztésére is alkalmas. Pedagógiai munkáját értelmi fogyatékos gyermekek körében kezdte el. A konduktív módszer a fejlesztés speciális komplex pedagógia módszerének tekinthető, mert a tervezésben és a megvalósításban sajátos nevelési szükségletet és a speciális nevelési igényeket veszi figyelembe. A Montessori fejlesztés a konduktív nevelés gyakorlatában nem fordult elő. A kutatással a Montessori módszer alkalmazását szélesíteni kívántuk a gyógy- és fejlesztő pedagógia gyakorlatában. Igazolni kívántuk a két orvos-pedagógus holisztikus szemléletéből adódó hasonlóságot és különbséget. Pető holisztikus szemléletével magyarázható, hogy az érzékelés, észlelés, beszéd, mozgás és kommunikáció zavarát okozó állapot befolyásolását nem a különböző helyen és időben dolgozó szakemberekre bízta. A Montessori konduktív nevelési gyakorlatot 2000-2003, 2007-2008 tanévben kísérleti céllal vezettük be a konduktor hallgatók főiskolai képzésével összhangban. A program kidolgozásának a célja volt, hogy a két módszer elemeinek alkalmazását, összehangolt működését a gyakorlatban igazoljuk. [Montessori’s pedagogy is called developmental or developmental pedagogy by researchers. In Hungary, it has been portrayed as a developmental pedagogy in pedagogical practice in the last decade. Maria Montessori's method can be considered a pedagogical method, because it is also suitable for the development of children with special educational needs. He began his pedagogical work among children with intellectual disabilities. The conductive method can be considered as a special complex pedagogy method of development, because it takes into account special educational needs and special educational needs in the planning and implementation. Montessori development has not occurred in the practice of conductive education. The aim of the research was to broaden the application of the Montessori method in the practice of therapeutic and developmental pedagogy. We wanted to demonstrate the similarities and differences arising from the holistic approach of the two physician-educators. Pető's holistic approach can be explained by the fact that he did not entrust the influence of the disturbance of perception, perception, speech, movement and communication to professionals working in different places and times. The Montessori conductive education practice was introduced on an experimental basis in the 2000-2003 and 2007-2008 school years in accordance with the college training of conductor students. The aim of the development of the program was to prove the application and coordinated operation of the elements of the two methods in practice.]

Language: Hungarian

DOI: 10.18458/KB.2018.3.11

ISSN: 2498-5368

Language: German

ISSN: 0944-2537

Abstract/Notes: De nos jours, on vit dans un monde globalisant où les gens ont la liberté de mouvement, dans leur recherche d'avoir part d'une vie meilleure. L'apprentissage des langues étrangères est encore plus une nécessité évidente dans notre société moderne et les adultes se confrontent avec des blocages psychologiques, tout comme ceux de limite du temps, qui les empêchent à acquérir de nouvelles aptitudes de communication.

Language: French

ISSN: 1843-1577, 2344-4894

Abstract/Notes: This article deals with the first twenty years (1911-1934) of the presence of the Montessori Method in France. The reconstruction is based on written evidences and on the main actors’ experiences in the implementation of Maria Montessori’s ideas. This historical outline allows to better recognise the reasons why Montessori’s educative principles were not welcomed in France so warmly as in other European countries. Several initiatives took indeed place, but they remained insubstantial because they were almost always the result of efforts carried by single persons rather than institutions.

Language: French

ISSN: 1971-1093, 1971-1131

Abstract/Notes: In questa prima fase della ricerca - ancora in itinere - si compie un’analisi storico-pedagogica del rapporto infanzia/famiglie/istituzioni. L’indagine si focalizza sulle trasformazioni dei modelli familiari, visti nella loro interdipendenza con l’elaborazione di nuove pratiche educative. Al riguardo, l’avvento del’900 si profila come un passaggio importante, che trova un suo esito nel volume di Ellen Key, Il secolo dei fanciulli. Proprio in quest’opera, la scrittrice svedese elabora una nuova idea di “maternità” e di “paternità” che pone al centro i bisogni e le esigenze infantili. La sua prospettiva diventa oggetto di dibattito, agli inizi del secolo scorso, sia in campo pedagogico, sia in campo femminista, soprattutto in merito al dilemma per la donna di coniugare insieme sfera pubblica e sfera privata, maternità e autonomia individuale. Secondo l’ipotesi qui evidenziata è in particolare Maria Montessori a raccogliere la sfida di Ellen Key, con il suo esperimento pedagogico della “Casa dei bambini”, in cui lo spazio domestico, “privato” si trasforma in uno spazio scolastico, “pubblico”, a misura di “bambino” (valenza estetica degli ambienti, cura delle relazioni umane, ecc.). [In the first phase of research it conducts an historical and pedagogical analysis on the relationship between childhoods, families and institutions, identifying family-models changes and their interdependence with the elaboration of new educative practices. At the beginning of twentieth century, Ellen Key wrote the famous book The century of children. Following the introduction of Modernity age, the author defined a new idea of “motherhood” and “fatherhood” which focused on childish subjects’ needs and requirements. Her prospective became item of debate both in pedagogic and in feminist fields, especially in regard to women’s dilemma on how to combine public and private life, motherhood and individual autonomy. In particular, Maria Montessori took up the Ellen Key challenge, in fact she made the pedagogical experiment of Children’s House, where domestic space became institutional space (settings’ aesthetic quality, human relationships’ care).]

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.6092/issn.1970-2221/1767

ISSN: 1970-2221

Abstract/Notes: The essay analyses the figure of Maria Montessori as a teacher and the teaching that she conducted in her career. A historical perspective is adopted, with reference to some fundamental moments in Montessori’s teaching life, described with the help of her own early writings (often unpublished), and the testimonies of some of her colleagues and students. M. Montessori began her career as a teacher in 1899 at the “Higher Institute of Teaching for Women” and then she continued at the “Pedagogical School” of the University of Rome. The analysis presented in this article shows that Montessori considered it essential to combine theory and practice, to promote students’ active participation, linking what is learnt in the classroom with the outside world. From her earliest experiences as a teacher, it became fundamental for Montessori to place her teaching against the background of social and civil commitment, open it up to comparison, and to integrate her experience with work and empirical research. / Prezentowany esej jest analizą sylwetki Marii Montessori jako nauczycielki oraz jej kariery nauczycielskiej. W analizie przyjęto perspektywę historyczną, z odniesieniem do wybranych, kluczowych momentów w karierze nauczycielskiej M. Montessori, opisanych z pomocą jej własnych, wczesnych pism (często niepublikowanych), oraz wspomnień jej współpracowników i studentów. Maria Montessori rozpoczęła swoją karierę jako nauczycielka w 1899 roku w „Wyższym Instytucie Edukacji dla Kobiet”, a następnie kontynuowała pracę w Szkole pedagogicznej Uniwersytetu Rzymskiego. Przedstawione rozważania ukazują, że M. Montessori uznawała za kluczowe: łączenie teorii z praktyką, wspieranie aktywnego udziału studentów, łączenie tego, czego się nauczyli w klasie szkolnej z działaniem w świecie zewnętrznym. Na podstawie swoich wczesnych nauczycielskich doświadczeń M. Montessori fundamentem swojego nauczania uczyniła zaangażowanie społeczne i obywatelskie, a także otwarcie się na porównanie i integrację zdobytych doświadczeń z pracą i badaniami empirycznymi.

Language: English

DOI: 10.14632/eetp.2017.13.47.17

ISSN: 1896-2327, 2353-7787

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0390-2420

Language: English

Language: German

ISSN: 0944-2537