Abstract/Notes: The development of self-care skills in children is a part of the Core curriculum for preschool education. The contents regarding formation of such skills include shaping hygiene practices, goodhabits and developing motor skills. Maria Montessori drew attention to the development of selfcare skills and functional independence. In her concept of preschool child education, Maria Montessori developed practical life activities which were intended to serve the development of specificskills and their application to everyday life. Therefore, the aim of the research was to identify thelevel of self-care skills in 4-year-old children attending selected kindergartens located in MińskMazowiecki and Siedlce. The research was conducted on 200 children from Non-public CreativeActivity Montessori Kindergarten ‘Zameczek’ in Siedlce, Non-public Montessori Kindergarten‘Delfinek’ in Mińsk Mazowiecki and 6 traditional kindergartens — 2 of which were located inMińsk Mazowiecki and 4 located in Siedlce. The obtained research results indicated a varied levelof self-care skills depending on kindergarten the children attended.

Language: Polish

ISSN: 2353-7140, 2353-7159

Abstract/Notes: L’articolo compie un’analisi di tipo storico educativo che si inserisce all’interno del Progetto di ricerca nazionale Maria Montessori dal passato al presente. Accoglienza e implementazione del suo metodo educativo in Italia nel 150° anniversario della sua nascita, finalizzato alla ricostruzione della figura e dell’opera della studiosa italiana, a partire dall’istituzione della prima Casa dei Bambini nel 1907. In particolare, il presente saggio tiene conto di un buon numero di studi che sono apparsi negli ultimi tempi su Maria Montessori, nonché dell’analisi condotta sulle sue opere al fine di compiere una riflessione sulla portata innovativa del suo percorso scientifico. Dagli studi medici all’azione e alla ricerca in campo pedagogico, l’itinerario intrapreso da Maria Montessori, sul finire dell’Ottocento, fino alla morte, avvenuta nel 1952, presenta un preciso filo conduttore: il suo impegno coniuga il principio di emancipazione femminile con quello più ampio di emancipazione umana, ponendo l’infanzia al centro di un progetto per rendere l’umanità migliore. L’articolo prende in considerazione un preciso periodo della storia della scuola e dell’educazione italiana, il periodo della cosiddetta Età giolittiana, per cogliere i rapporti di Maria Montessori con le personalità pedagogiche del suo tempo, mettendo in luce gli ostacoli che ella incontrò nel realizzare una pedagogia che educasse il bambino alla libertà attraverso la libertà. La sperimentazione del suo progetto ebbe infatti una scarsa diffusione in Italia, soprattutto, come emerge dall’articolo, per le difficoltà incontrate nella formazione di un nuovo modello di insegnante.

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.17227/pys.num58-17208

ISSN: 2500-6436, 0121-2494

Language: Japanese

ISSN: 0913-4220

Abstract/Notes: U zadnjim desetljećima sve veći broj znanstvenika i pedagoga praktičara pokazuje interes za Montessori pedagogiju, provjerava je u praksi i potvrđuje da je riječ o modernoj, vremenu primjerenoj pedagogiji koja odgovara na razvojne potrebe suvremene djece i mladih. Brojna istraživanja pokazuju kako djeca iz Montessori škola, u usporedbi s djecom iz standardnih škola, pokazuju bolju motivaciju za učenje, višestruke interese, samostalnost i pozitivan odnos prema učenju te veću odgovornost prema zajednici. Istraživanja euroznanosti i razvojne psihologije potvrđuju postavke Montessori pedagogije o individualnom planu razvoja, koji prolazi određene stupnjeve (senzibilna razdoblja, prozori učenja) te o potrebi didaktički obliko vanog okruženja kao pomoći u individualnom razvoju. Zahtjev za slobodom, samostalnosti i samoaktivnosti Montessori je, za razliku od emancipatorske pedagogije i sociokonstruktivizma, postavila u okvire razvojne i moralne slobode i jasno defi nirala uvjete slobode i pretpostavke samostalnosti djeteta. Sloboda shvaćena kao izgradnja kompetencija za djelovanje – cilj je, ali i put, koji dijete prolazi u svome razvoju i na kojemu treba sigurnost, zaštićenost, praćenje i pomoć odraslih. Modernost Montessori pedagogije treba tražiti u znanstveno utemeljenoj psihologiji razvoja, u pedagoški oblikovanoj ponudi učenja i u pedagoškom etosu odgajatelja. [In recent decades an increasing number of scholars and pedagogues have been showing interest in the educational approach developed by Maria Montessori, applying it in practice and arguing that it is a modern and timely pedagogy that responds to the developmental needs of contemporary children and youth. Numerous surveys show that children educated in Montessori schools, in comparison to children educated in standard schools, demonstrate a greater motivation to learn, have a multiplicity of interests, display independence and a positive stance towards learning, as well as an increased sense of responsibility towards the community. Research in neuroscience and developmental psychology confi rms the hypotheses laid down by Montessori pedagogy about the individual development plan as evolving through certain stages (sensitive periods, learning windows) and about the need to have a didactically formulated environment that will support individual development. Unlike the emancipatory pedagogy and socio-constructivism, Montessori has placed the requirement for freedom, autonomy and self-activity within the bounds of a developmental and moral freedom and clearly defi ned the conditions of the freedom and the assumptions of the child’s autonomy. Freedom interpreted as a development of competencies for action represents the aim, but also the journey a child goes through during the development period when it needs safety, protection, attention and support from the adults. The contemporariness of Montessori pedagogy is to be found in scientifically-based developmental psychology, in pedagogically formulated teaching and in the pedagogical ethos of the teacher. / In den letzten Jahrzehnten wächst die Zahl von Wissenschaft lern und pädagogischen Praktikern, die sich mit der Montessori-Pädagogik beschäft igen, ihre Th esen in der Praxis überprüfen und die Meinung vertreten, dass es um eine moderne, zeitgemäße Pädagogik handelt, die auf Entwicklungsbedürfnisse der heutigen Kinder und Jugendlichen antwortet. Zahlreiche Untersuchungen bestätigen, dass die Kinder aus den Montessori-Schulen im Vergleich mit den Kindern aus den Standardschulen eine höhere Lernmotivation, vielfältigere Interessen, Selbständigkeit und positives Verhältnis zum Lernen sowie eine größere Verantwortung gegenüber der Gemeinschaft besitzen. Die im Rahmen von Neurowissenschaft en und Entwicklungspsychologie unternommenen Untersuchungen bestätigen die Hypothesen der Montessori-Pädagogik über den individuellen Entwicklungsplan, der bestimmte Stufen durchläuft (sensible Etappen, Lernfenster) sowie die Notwendigkeit einer didaktisch gestalteten Umwelt als individueller Entwicklungshilfe. Die Forderung nach der Freiheit, Selbständigkeit und Selbstaktivität stellte Montessori, im Unterschied zu emanzipatorischer Pädagogik und sozialem Konstruktivismus in den Rahmen der moralischen und Entwicklungsfreiheit und defi nierte klar die Voraussetzungen für die Freiheit und Selbständigkeit des Kindes. Die Freiheit, begriff en als Aufb au von Handlungskompetenzen, stellt das Ziel, aber auch den Weg dar, den das Kind in seiner Entwicklung zurücklegt und auf dem es Sicherheit, Geborgenheit, Hilfe und Aufsicht durch Erwachsene benötigt. Die Modernität der Montessori-Pädagogik ist in der wissenschaft lich begründeten Entwicklungspsychologie, in den pädagogisch aufb ereiteten Lernangeboten und dem pädagogischen Ethos der Erzieher zu suchen.]

Language: Croatian

ISSN: 1334-7888

Abstract/Notes: Avec plus ou moins de prégnance, la pédagogie Montessori reste à la mode depuis plus d'un siècle. Entre les avis très laudatifs et les critiques les plus acerbes, que savons-nous de celle qui a inventé une méthode pédagogique, basée sur une expérience unique, la Casa dei Bambini, et qui a traversé le temps avec aussi peu de modifications ? Ce texte vise à éclairer les dimensions idéologique, épistémologique et spirituelle sur lesquelles s’appuient la doctrine et la méthode. En évitant les controverses stériles, nous montrerons en quoi, si la méthode présente un intérêt indéniable, certains points nécessitent une clarification. [With varying degrees of significance, Montessori pedagogy remained trendy for more than a century. Between the very laudatory opinions and the sharpest critics, what do we know about the one who invented a pedagogical method based on a unique experience, the Casa dei Bambini, who has transcended time with few changes? This text aims to enlighten the ideological, epistemological and spiritual dimensions on which the doctrine and the method are based. By avoiding sterile controversies, we will show how, if the method is of undeniable interest, certain points require clarification.]

Language: French

DOI: 10.4000/trema.4369

ISSN: 1167-315X

Language: French

Language: French

Language: Dutch

Published: Groningen: Gion, 1996

Language: Swedish

ISSN: 1103-8101

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0033-9571, 1724-1871