Language: English

DOI: 10.1023/B:JOPP.0000018271.12126.e3

ISSN: 1573-6547

Abstract/Notes: The study described below compares the goals, beliefs, practices and training of early childhood educators from three different origins: Montessori, Traditional and the Association of Playgroups (PPA), and reports practice of a research in progress. The information was gathered by means of a questionnaire which was sent to early childhood practitioners and which covers various subjects such as reading, writing, arithmetic, free choice, accessible activities, scoring, role played and commitment of parents. There was consensus on the main goals of early childhood practitioners, but many differences emerged between groups for beliefs, practice and training. The importance of high quality training for early childhood practitioners has been demonstrated. The Traditional group appeared to have the highest level of training and the practice is more often than not to maintain contact with current research more than the other two Montessori and PPA groups.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BF03174924

ISSN: 0020-7187, 1878-4658

Abstract/Notes: This work deals with the professional development of “Preschool Educators” (concerned with the education of children between the ages of 3 and 6 in Ireland and Germany. It describes the training that is given in both countries and gives all kinds of details about the courses that In Germany the majority of 3 or 6-year-olds are educated by "auxiliaries" while in Ireland the majority of children between the ages of 4 and 6 are educated by perfectly qualified primary school teachers with a Bacharell degree. Irish children 3 0 4 years old (technical word I understand) thirty “Preschool Playgroups, Naonraí (Irish language) and Montessori Schools. This article analyzes the training of all the above mentioned personal types and concludes with a“ critical ”discussion on the training systems of the children. preschool teachers from each country. [Cet article explique le développement professionnel des Educateurs de la Petite Enfance (concernés par l’éducation des enfants de 3 à 6 ans en Irlande et en Allemagne. Il décrit la formation donnée dans les 2 pays et donne des détails sur les cours qu’ils entreprennent. En Allemagne, la majorité des 3 à 6 ans sont pris en charge par des ‘Educatrices’ (éducateurs/puèricultrices) tandis qu’en Irlande la majorité des 4 à 6 ans reçoivent un enseignement par des professeurs qualifiés avec un B.Ed. degré. Les 3 à 4 ans irlandais fréquentent les groupes de jeux préscolaires, les groupes de jeux parlant l’Irlandais—les Naonraí—et les écoles Montessori. Cet article considére la formation de tous les types de personnels cités plus haut et il se conclut par une discussion critique sur le système de formation préscolaire dans chaque pays. / Este trabajo trata el desarrollo profesional de los “Educadores de Preescolar” (preocupados con la educación de niños entre los 3 y 6 años en Irlanda y Alemania. Describe el entrenamiento que se da en ambos países y da todo tipo de detalles sobre los cursos que frecuentan. El alemania la mayoria de niños de 3 0 6 años que son educados por “auxiliares” mientras que en Irlande la mayoria de niños entre los 4 y 6 años son educados por profesores de primaria perfectamente cualificados con un grado Bacharell. Los niños Irlandeses de 3 0 4 años (palabra tecnica ne entiendo) trecuentan “Preschool Playgroups, Naonraí (lingua Irlandesa) y Escolas Montessori. Este articulo analiza el entrenamiento detodos tipos personal encima indicados y concluye con una discusión “critica” sobre los sistemas de entrenamiento de los profesores de preescolar de cada país.]

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BF03178101

ISSN: 0020-7187, 1878-4658

Abstract/Notes: Early childhood education in North America is currently in a state of flux. While Piagetian approaches to early childhood education curricula seem to predominate in North America today, some of the influences of the other paradigms discussed below are still in evidence. The idea of nurturing children as well as educating them has endured, even with the new cognitive focus. The concept of curricula appropriate to a child’s developmental level, first introduced by Froebel, has remained an important idea. The Montessori method has enjoyed a renaissance in North America, and specially designed curricula for the disabled has been re-established as the norm, after Itard’s and Seguin’s pioneering examples. Yet, new issues in early childhood education have arisen in North America. There is a great debate on the effects of day care, the changing family, the possibility of “hurried children”, and the role of state support in a “universal” child care system. The recent Report of the task force on child care in Canada reviewed many of these issues, and used data on child care arrangements in a number of European countries compared to canada and the United States in much of its discussion. It is not surprising, given the history of models of child care which have come from Europe to North America, that North Americans are once again looking across the Atlantic for fresh ideas.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BF03176578

ISSN: 0020-7187, 1878-4658

Abstract/Notes: The growth of the preschool education movement has been a result of the growing recognition of the needs of young children, the need to be provided with a rich and wholesome environment which is conducive to, and promotes the all round development of the child. Prior to 1947, very little attention was paid to preschool education in our country, even by the Government, and preschool was not considered a state responsibility. The Central Advisory Board of Education on Post-War Educational Development (1944) was the first body to recognise the need for preschool education. The report of the Committee emphasised its significance and recommended that an adequate provision of pre-primary education should be an essential adjunct of a National System of Education. The development of preschool education, during the pre-independence period, was rather slow in the country as a whole, but due to the influence of a number of workers inspired by the work of Madam Montessori, pioneering work in the field was undertaken in the state of Gujarat.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BF03176567

ISSN: 0020-7187, 1878-4658

Abstract/Notes: This article describes in some detail the Indian National Education Policy of 1986 which proposes a multifaceted approach to the training of personnel working with preschool children and their families. The magnitude of the challenges for current and training staff is discussed and some innovative programs for young children are presented in detail. Consideration is given to the nature of the training required to put these programs into practice in a country as diverse as India. There are many different programs designed to enable staff, many of whom have received only short periods of training, to execute the content based on basic child development knowledge. In all program modalities, the emphasis is on an integral approach that includes educational activity in health care, and if necessary a food supplement if necessary. Each type of program is designed to meet a specific need. In some projects, such as Anganwadi and Crèches Mobiles, basic staff training is supervised and extended by formally trained project managers, whose task is to engage staff in on-the-job training, at the same time. as their knowledge and understanding grows. This article shows how the service manages to employ staff from extremely diverse backgrounds and educational backgrounds. [Cet article décrit de façon assez détaillée la Politique Educative Nationale Indienne de 1986 qui propose une approche à multiples facettes de la formation du personnel travaillant avec les enfants d’âge préscolaire et leurs familles. On discute de l’ampleur des défis relatifs au personnel en fonction et en formation et on présente en détail quelques programmes innovateurs pour jeunes enfants. On considère la nature de la formation nécessaire pour la mise en pratique de ces programmes dans un pays aussi vaste divers que l’Inde. Il existe beaucoup de programmes différents concus pour permettre aux personnels, dont beaucoup n’ont reçu que de courtes périodes de formation, d’en exécuter le contenu à partir de connaissances de base du développement de l’enfant. Dans toutes les modalités de programme, l’accent porté sur une approche intégrale qui englobe l’activité éducative dans les soins d’ordre sanitaire, et au besoin un supplément alimentaire si nécessaire. Chaque type de programme est élaboré pour répondre à un besoin spécifique. Dans certains projets, comme ceux d’Anganwadi et des Crèches Mobiles, la formation de base du personnel est supervisée et étendue par des responsables de projet officiellement formés, dont la tâche consiste à engager le personnel dans une formation en cours d’emploi, au fur et à mesure que leurs connaissances et leur compréhension se développent. Cet article montre comment le service arrive à employer des personnels dont l’origine et l’expérience éducative sont extrêmement diverses. / Este artículo describe con basante detalles la Política Educativa Nacional de la India en 1986 que propone enfoques con múltiplos aspectos al problema de la formación del personal trabajando con niños de edad preescolar y sus familias. Se discute de la amplitude de los desafíos relativos al personal empleado y en periodo de formación, y se presenta con detalles algunos programas innovadores para niños pequeños. Se considera la naturaleza de la formación necessaria para poner en práctica esos programas en un país tan grande y tan variado como la India. Hay muchos programas que permiten a los distintos personales, entre los cuales hay muchos que han tenido solo cortes períodos de formación, de efectu su contenido partiendo de conocimientos básicos sobrer el desarollo del niño. En todas las versiones, se ha puesto el énfasis sobre enfoque integral, incluiendo actividad educativa con atención sanitaria y un suplemento alimenticio donde es necesario. Cada tipo de programa fue elaborado para responder a una necasidad específica. En algunos proyectos, como Anganwadi o Creches Moviles, la formación de base del personal está supervisada y ampliada por responsables del proyecto oficialmente preparados, cuya tarea es de comprometer el personal en una formación continua, a medida que se desarollen sus conocimientos y su comprensión. Este artículo demuestra como el servicio llega a emplear personas de experiencia educativa y origen muy distintos.]

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BF03175503

ISSN: 0020-7187, 1878-4658

Abstract/Notes: "...In terms of instructional methodology, Belgium has had a particularly interesting history. It has gone through three distinct phases of education as far as pre-school is concerned. From 1890 until about 1927 Frobel was a very strong influence in Belgian pre-schools, and most of the training was done with his methods. From 1927 through 1950 the work of Montessori became particularly important. This is not to suggest that Frobel's teachings were discarded entirely, but only that Montessori's methods were more popular..."

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BF03176101

ISSN: 0020-7187, 1878-4658

Abstract/Notes: This study aims to describe the inculcation of Islamic religious values ​​for early childhood through the Montessori method. The method initiated by Maria Montessori, Italy has its own challenges due to the different years and places. This research was conducted in a kindergarten with an Islamic Montessori curriculum in Yogyakarta. The method in this research is qualitative analysis with data sources from observation and in-depth interviews with informants. The results of this study indicate that the cultivation of Islamic religious values ​​is carried out in the Montessori learning process. The learning curriculum indirectly contributes to the model of inculcating Islamic values. The form of Islamic religious values ​​is instilled with habituation, collaborative lectures with fun activities for children, and in the provision of teaching materials and food served to children. This method was successfully implemented in kindergarten with the expected results. In addition, Montessori learning does not experience difficulties and is very easy to use to apply Islamic religious values ​​even though they are initiated from different places and distances.

Language: English

ISSN: 2503-3042

Abstract/Notes: The objective of this small study was to elicit responses from early childhood teachers in India on mathematics learning strategies and to measure the extent of finger counting technique adopted by the teachers in teaching young children. Specifically, the research focused on the effective ways of teaching mathematics to children in India, and examined teachers’ approach to number counting. In India, children were taught by their parents or by their teachers to use fingers to count. The qualitative study conducted by the researcher further enriched the topic with first‐hand comments by the teachers. Although the finger counting method was not the only process that teachers would adopt, it was embedded in the culture and taken into consideration while infusing mathematics skills. The teachers confirmed adopting the Indian method of finger counting in their teaching strategy; some specified that the method helped children to undertake addition and subtraction of carrying and borrowing, as counting by objects could not be available all the time. Although the study is limited by its small sample to the unique mathematics learning experience in India, it provides readers with a glimpse of culturally responsive teaching methods and an alternative mathematics teaching strategy.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/09669760500446374

ISSN: 0966-9760

Abstract/Notes: The concept of domesticity plays out in early childhood educational settings and has a long tradition. Domesticity in its pre-domestic, domestic and post-domestic phases is used here as a site for reconsidering the role of Maria Montessori. The ideas put forward here are intended as a provocation and methodologically the device of constructing an assemblage of materials from various sources is used to enable different ideas to be brought forward. New possibilities emerged through a diffractive approach to this theoretically driven work. The ambiguities Montessori embodied in her life are revisited and by looking at her focus on the materials of ‘practical life’ a way to be intra-activelyengaged with regenerative forces became possible. Repositioning Maria Montessori as ‘domestic goddess’ tangles with contemporary ideas in order to unsettle her image. This analysis draws on new feminist materialist theoryto question what being domestic/ate/d means in terms of being a woman in a femin/ised/ist educational space.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/09540253.2017.1396293

ISSN: 0954-0253