Abstract/Notes: To help the child who learns differently, when the usual presentation is not helping a student, Montessori educators can use several techniques: * reduce the difficulty of an activity * use more tactile-kinesthetic input * create control charts * focus on the development of oral language * increase the structure for the child with impulse control difficulties, assuming the necessity to help the ADHD child to sustain attention, teaching how to make work choices and how to develop a cycle of work * combine Multisensory Structured Language techniques with Montessori Language presentations. Note: If the child is not holding the pitcher correctly, the lesson may have to become how to hold a pitcher and work up to pouring. * Dressing Frames: lesson reduced to a first presentation of untying, unbuttoning, unbuckling, etc., with each step presented in separate lessons working toward the final step of mastering the direct purpose of the lesson * Cutting bananas and bread before cutting more solid foods, like carrots * Attaching language to the name of the presentation and all of the materials used in the lesson that is at the level of the child's oral language development SENSORIAL: * Pink Tower: Reduce the number of cubes to use every other cube, beginning with the largest, thereby increasing the discrimination to a 2 cm difference. LANGUAGE: * Since oral language skills may be a weakness for many students with learning differences, it is usually necessary to add a program of oral language development assessment and instruction to enhance vocabulary and verbal expression. The MACAR Oral Language Development Manual is one such program (Pickering, 1976). * Written language, which includes reading, spelling, composition, and handwriting, requires the combination of Montessori language materials and the therapeutic techniques of a multisensory structured language (MSL) approach (e.g., Orton-Gillingham, Sequential English Education (SEE), Slingerland, Spalding, or Wilson Language). * Use additional phonological awareness shelf activities (pat out each sound in a word; place a small floral stone or disk on a picture card for each sound in a word). * Present the Sandpaper Letters in the sequence taught in the therapeutic program. * Use the decoding pattern of blending the beginning sound to the word family of short and long vowel word family words.

Language: English

ISSN: 1054-0040

Language: English

ISSN: 0571-1142

Language: English

ISSN: 0010-700X

Abstract/Notes: This research investigates the learning impact of Montessori prekindergarten training as compared to traditional approaches with economically deprived Puerto Rican and Negro children. The three-part, 156-page monograph includes a 22-page introduction to Parts I and II, and a 37-page appendix to Part I. Parts I and II assess training effects of the first year of schooling, focusing on children beginning prekindergarten at approximately 4 to 4 1/2 years of age. The basic research design also includes an evaluation of training for children beginning school at 3 to 3 1/2 years. Part I contains an evaluation of perceptual and cognitive abilities. Part II investigates pupil preference for cognitive styles typifying ego strength in the young child and relevant for autonomous problem-solving strategies. Part III includes a follow-up assessment conducted at the end of kindergarten in order to investigate the cumulative effects of training over a longer period of schooling. The appendix to Part I contains age, sex, and ethnicity trends for the population investigated, a 25-page description of the test battery, a sample teaching log monthly checklist, and a list of sample questions for teacher interviews. The monograph also includes a list of 54 references used for Parts I, II, and III.

Language: English

Published: New York, New York, Sep 1969

Language: German

ISSN: 0944-2537

Abstract/Notes: This article draws on Martha Nussbaum's distinction between basic, internal, and external (or combined) capacities to better specify possible locations for children's ‘incapacity’ for autonomy. I then examine Maria Montessori's work on what she calls ‘normalization’, which involves a release of children's capacities for autonomy and self-governance made possible by being provided with the right kind of environment. Using Montessori, I argue that, in contrast to many ordinary and philosophical assumptions, children's incapacities for autonomy are best understood as consequences of an absence of external conditions necessary for children to exercise capacities they already have internally, rather than intrinsic limitations based on their stage of life. In a closing section, I show how Montessori proposes a model wherein both children and adults have autonomy, power, and responsibility, but over different spheres, and suggest implications of these differences for who has responsibility for establishing the conditions under which children can flourish.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1111/1467-9752.12134

ISSN: 1467-9752

Abstract/Notes: The goal of this thesis is to describe teachers' communication with toddlers and pre- schoolers from mono- and bilingual families in Montessori schools or schools inspired by the Montessori method. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part is theoretical and contains chapters on children's communication and communication with children, its forms and specific aspects; language and language acquisition, bilingualism, the founder of Montessori education, the Montessori education per se and communication with children according to its principles. The second part is practical and presents an analysis of the pragmatic component of teachers' communication with children through audio recordings or hand-written notes taken during participant observation. It focuses on the characteristics and specific features of teachers' communication with children in Montessori pre- schools. It includes the description of communication environment which complements the teachers' communication with children. It also contains semi-structured interviews with teachers and photographs in the attachment. / Cílem této diplomové práce je charakterizovat komunikaci učitelek s dětmi batolecího a předškolního věku z mono- i z bilingvních rodin, v zařízeních typu Montessori nebo v zařízeních touto pedagogikou inspirovaných. Diplomová práce je tvořena dvěma částmi - první, teoretickou část, představují kapitoly o komunikaci dětí a s dětmi, jejích formách a specificích, o jazyku a jeho osvojování, o bilingvismu, o zakladatelce pedagogiky Montessori a jejích metodách a o komunikaci s dětmi v tomto výchovném směru. Druhá, praktická část, prezentuje analýzu pragmatické složky komunikace učitelek s dětmi, skrze audio nahrávky či písemné záznamy komunikace ze zúčastněného pozorování. Zaměřuje se na charakteristiku a specifické rysy komunikace učitelek s dětmi v Montessori zařízeních předškolního typu. Věnuje se také popisu komunikačního prostředí, který doplňuje komunikaci učitelek s dětmi, stejně tak jako polostrukturované rozhovory s učitelkami a fotografie, jež uvádíme v příloze.

Language: Czech

Published: Prague, Czechia, 2022

Language: English

ISSN: 1470-8647

Abstract/Notes: "The children who demand more attention than others, who are disruptive, unmotivated, oppositional, aggressive, or do not give us the positive feedback we get from others…This is where we dig in and find compassion, and understanding, and the knowledge that no child wants to be disruptive, oppositional, or aggressive. They do this because they are hurt, and we are here to help." Sarah Werner Andrews provides an approach to the children who pose a challenge because they themselves are facing challenges. She offers practical tools and approaches that are first based on positive relationships, then on the relationship with the environment, and finally on positive, collaborative interventions. [This talk was presented at the NAMTA conference titled "Children on the Edge: Creating a Path for Happy, Healthy Development," January 12-15, 2017 in New Orleans, LA.]

Language: English

ISSN: 1522-9734

Abstract/Notes: The article derived from Grazia Honegger Fresco’s years in close cooperation with Maria Montessori and Adele Costa Gnocchi. The author illustrates how small children from the moment they start using their hands and are standing unassisted on their own legs must act in their own way. The teacher must observe before acting and intervene as little as possible. Honegger Fresco follows the work of Montessori and Costa Gnocchi and she compares the findings with different fields of science, such as ethnology and neurology. As a result of her observations and experiences she points toward the relationship between a good childhood, and in the long term, human responsibility on Earth, using the concept “the Cosmic Task”. The method in this article is based on autoethnography, as the author shares her personal experience and reflections, both as a teacher and as an educator. The aim is to shed light on aspects regarding the needs of small children and to point at the essential role of adults, educators as well as parents. As Schiedi explains, autoethnography “extends its narrative horizon to a social, professional, organizational dimension of the self” (2016). During Honegger Fresco’s career, she was primarily inspired by Maria Montessori’s research about child development and children’s needs and rights, and she had continuously deepened her understanding by studying other researchers in this field. Thus, the article will share her conviction that by serving the creative spirit of the youngest children we will build a better future for our planet.

Language: English

DOI: 10.16993/jmre.10

ISSN: 2002-3375