Language: English

Abstract/Notes: This chapter traces the historical trajectory of the discipline of education in India with a special focus on one of the foundations of education, i.e., psychology. It maps the emergence and shifts in the imagination, discourses, and practices of psychology as a foundation to understand how the contours of education, as a discipline, was being fashioned at various historical junctures in India in interactions with and influence on global discourses. The chapter uses various annual, quinquennial, commission, and committee report, syllabi and examination papers, research trends to trace and reconstruct the beginnings, continuities, and disjuncture at various points and across several sites. It draws attention to the interlinkages between the child study movement and education both globally and in India. It critically examines the deployment of categories/frameworks of deficit, ‘deprivation’ and developmentalism in the syllabus and researches to construct the ‘child’, to coalesce anxiety around the adjustment of the adolescent, and blame/mobilise the family in the projects to achieve and contribute to ‘social control’ and ‘discipline’. The chapter argues that psychology, with its paraphernalia of concepts and tools to measure and classify the children has brought more harm to education than contribute to removing the conditions that produce and reproduce ‘deficits’.

Language: English

Published: London, England: Routledge India, 2024

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 978-1-00-332942-8

Language: French

ISSN: 1661-268X, 2297-8054

Abstract/Notes: This study aims to analyze Maria Montessori’s theory of personality education. The author adopts interpretative methodology to focus on the following texts: The Absorbent Mind, The Secret of Childhood, The Discovery of the Child, and What You Should Know about Your Child. In this paper, the conclusion can be summarized into four points: First, personality is formed in the development of body and spirit, and the will is the key to integrate the whole system of personality. Second, the goal of personality education is to establish the discipline of life, and the method is to let children work spontaneously with the sense of duty in a free situation. Third, children must have the freedom to choose, then they can learn how to exercise their will to obey the inner discipline. Fourth,there are five examples provided for the implementation of personality education. / 本研究旨在分析Montessori（1870-1952）的人格教育思想，主要運用詮釋學的研究方法：一方面聚焦於《吸收性心智》（The Absorbent Mind）、《童年的秘密》（The Secret of Childhood）、《發現兒童》（The Discovery of Child）及《了解你的孩子》（What You Should Know about Your Child）等文本的理解，二方面來回於個人經驗與文本脈絡之間的對話與省思。結果發現，可歸納為以下四點：一、人格是精神生命肉身化的結果，人格統整的關鍵是意志發展。二、人格教育的目標在於建立紀律，人格教育的原則是給予自由，人格教育的方法是透過工作。三、人格教育的歷程始於兒童的自由選擇，繼之以專注地自發性工作，透過意志發展逐漸樂於服從，最後形成內在紀律，表現出寧靜的心境。四、人格教育的實施，關鍵時期為零至三歲，可以運用靜默遊戲、走線練習、穿脫衣服、準備茶會、舉辦生日會等方式進行。最後，本文更針對其思想內涵，提出10點評析，以供參考。

Language: Chinese

DOI: 10.3966/102887082016036201003

ISSN: 1028-8708

Language: English

ISSN: 0022-0574, 2515-5741

Abstract/Notes: Research from the past 40 years indicates that African American students are subjected to exclusionary discipline, including suspension and expulsion, at rates two to three times higher than their White peers (Children’s Defense Fund, 1975; Skiba, Michael, Nardo, & Peterson, 2002). Although this phenomenon has been studied extensively in traditional public schools, rates of racially disproportionate discipline in public Montessori schools have not been examined. The purpose of this study is to examine racial discipline disproportionality in Montessori public elementary schools as compared to traditional elementary schools. The Relative Rate Index (RRI) is used as a measure of racially disproportionate use of out-of-school suspensions (Tobin & Vincent, 2011). Suspension data from the Office of Civil Rights Data Collection was used to generate RRIs for Montessori and traditional elementary schools in a large urban district in the Southeast. While statistically significant levels of racial discipline disproportionality are found in both the Montessori and traditional schools, the effect is substantially less pronounced in Montessori settings. These findings suggest that Montessori schools are not immune to racially disproportionate discipline and should work to incorporate more culturally responsive classroom management techniques. Conversely, the lower levels of racially disproportionate discipline in the Montessori schools suggests that further study of discipline in Montessori environments may provide lessons for traditional schools to promote equitable discipline.

Language: English

DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v1i1.4941

ISSN: 2378-3923

Abstract/Notes: After showing discipline's centrality in Kant's pedagogy, I briefly highlight Montessori's alternative and then turn to three fundamental differences between Kant and Montessori that partly explain their divergent accounts. My goal is not to assess whether Kant or Montessori gets the role of discipline ‘right’, but to highlight broader stakes of their disagreement and ways deeper features of Kant's psychology and moral theory ground his emphasis on discipline.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1111/1467-9752.12599

ISSN: 1467-9752

Abstract/Notes: This article aims to compare Montessori’s perspective of the classroom as community of self-regulated learners to the current research on classroom management, highlighting the importance of the teacher’ attitude in promoting an inclusive and cooperative school setting. The methodology used is a semi-structured interview administered to a Montessori teacher who works in an Apulian Children’s house. The data were collected in order to capture the teacher’s opinion about the topicality of Montessori’s idea of discipline and classroom management in early childhood education.

Language: English

DOI: 10.6092/issn.1970-2221/12187

ISSN: 1970-2221

Language: French

ISSN: 1661-268X, 2297-8054

Language: English

Published: London, England: Women's Printing Society, 1915