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Doctoral Dissertation
Italy's Primary Teachers: The Feminization of the Italian Teaching Profession, 1859-1911
Available from: University of California eScholarship
Europe, Italy, Southern Europe
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Abstract/Notes: This dissertation concerns the feminization of the Italian teaching profession between the introduction of pre-Unification schooling in 1859 and the nationalization of that system in 1911. By feminization, this dissertation refers both to the gradual assumption of the majority of elementary teaching positions by women and to a transformation in the nature of the position itself. Through an examination of educational periodicals, school records, government inquests, and accounts by teachers and pedagogical theorists, it argues that rather than the unintended consequence of economic constraints or shifting labor patterns, feminization was fundamentally connected to larger processes of centralization and modernization in the Italian school system. Following an introductory chapter outlining the major national, religious, and gender debates of the Unification era, the second chapter of the dissertation argues that the figure of the female elementary teacher became embroiled in the contest between local and national interests, furthering the drive toward centralization. The third chapter examines a subject generally ignored in most studies of Italian women's education: the impact of international and domestic pedagogy. The chapter shows that the development of an Italian pedagogy combining positivism and progressivism with a maternalist, child-centered methodology was both a result and a cause of the feminization of the teaching profession. The fourth chapter focuses on the divide between the secularizing nation and the entrenched Catholic Church, arguing that carefully trained female teachers were employed as agents of the encroaching State and examining the connection between religious education debates and women's rights movements. The fifth chapter is an institutional history of the teacher-training normal schools; an analysis of institutional and government records reveals that normal school feminization reflected the centralization, secularization, and pedagogical reformation of the school system in general.
Language: English
Published: Los Angeles, California, 2012
Article
A Montessori Itinerary [Greece, Italy, Germany, Holland, Ireland, England]
Available from: Stadsarchief Amsterdam (Amsterdam City Archives)
Publication: Around the Child, vol. 10
Date: 1965-1966
Pages: 46-51
Albert Max Joosten - Biographic sources, Albert Max Joosten - Writings, England, Europe, Germany, Greece, Holland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Northern Europe, Southern Europe
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Language: English
ISSN: 0571-1142
Article
News Items in the Montessori Field [England, France, Holland, India, Italy]
Publication: Communications (Association Montessori Internationale, 195?-2008)
Date: Jan 1953
Pages: 5–7
Asia, England, Europe, France, Great Britain, Holland, India, Italy, Netherlands, Northern Europe, South Asia, Southern Europe
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Language: English
ISSN: 0519-0959
Article
News Items in the Montessori Field [Austria, Denmark, England, Germany, Greenland, India, Italy, Holland]
Publication: Communications (Association Montessori Internationale, 195?-2008)
Date: Feb 1954
Pages: 10–14
Americas, Asia, Austria, Denmark, England, Europe, Germany, Great Britain, Greenland, Holland, India, Italy
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Language: English
ISSN: 0519-0959
Article
News Items of the Montessori World Movement [England, France, Germany, Greece, Holland, India, Ireland, Italy]
Publication: Communications (Association Montessori Internationale, 195?-2008), vol. 1956, no. 3
Date: 1956
Pages: 13–16
Asia, England, Europe, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Holland, India, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands
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Language: English
ISSN: 0519-0959
Article
Montessori News [England, India, Ireland, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, U.S.]
Publication: Communications (Association Montessori Internationale, 195?-2008), vol. 1959, no. 1/2
Date: 1959
Pages: 18–22
Americas, Asia, England, Europe, France, Germany, Great Britain, India, Ireland, Italy, North America, Northern Europe
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Language: English
ISSN: 0519-0959
Article
Report of activities in Italy to July 1959
Publication: Communications (Association Montessori Internationale, 195?-2008), vol. 1959, no. 4
Date: 1959
Pages: 28-30
Europe, Italy, Southern Europe
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Language: English
ISSN: 0519-0959
Article
Madam Montessori Returning to Italy: Announcement of the Cancelling of Madam Montessori's Engagement Made by Local Bureau
Available from: Newspapers.com
Publication: Stevens Point Journal (Stevens Point, Wisconsin)
Date: Dec 8, 1915
Pages: 1
Americas, Maria Montessori - Biographic sources, North America, United States of America
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Language: English
Article
Recasting Il Metodo: Maria Montessori and Early Childhood Education in Italy (1909-1926)
Available from: Firenze University Press - Wayback Machine (Internet Archive)
Publication: CROMOHS (Cyber Review of Modern Historiography), vol. 16
Date: 2011
Pages: 1-18
Europe, Italy, Southern Europe
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Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori’s Il Metodo della Pedagogia Scientifica was published at the end of the 1910s. The text enjoyed great success after its publication, both in Italy and abroad. Over the course of the following decades, this work underwent numerous changes: various editions were published and numerous translations made, while the author herself added many sections and deleted others from the original draft. In this essay, I examine the first three editions of Il Metodo to analyze the changes that were made and their relation to the advent of fascism. This essay, divided into three distinct parts that follow the first three editions of the work, explores how Montessori was conditioned by fascism and how fascist educators both perceived her work and influenced the changes made to the text.
Language: English
ISSN: 1123-7023
Article
The Education of The Feeble-Minded In Italy
Available from: HathiTrust
Publication: British Medical Journal, no. 1984
Date: Jan 7, 1899
Pages: 37-38
Children with disabilities, Europe, Inclusive education, Italy, Southern Europe
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Abstract/Notes: This is also available through PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2461999
Language: English
ISSN: 0007-1447