Language: English

Language: English

Language: English

Language: English

ISSN: 0519-0959

Abstract/Notes: Montessori pedagogy is a century-old, whole-school system increasingly used in the public sector. In the United States, public Montessori schools are typically Title I schools that mostly serve children of color. The present secondary, exploratory data analysis examined outcomes of 134 children who entered a lottery for admission to public Montessori schools in the northeastern United States at age 3; half were admitted and enrolled and the rest enrolled at other preschool programs. About half of the children were identified as White, and half were identified as African American, Hispanic, or multiracial. Children were tested in the fall when they enrolled and again in the subsequent three springs (i.e., through the kindergarten year) on a range of measures addressing academic outcomes, executive function, and social cognition. Although the Black, Hispanic, and multiracial group tended to score lower in the beginning of preschool in both conditions, by the end of preschool, the scores of Black, Hispanic, and multiracial students enrolled in Montessori schools were not different from the White children; by contrast, such students in the business-as-usual schools continued to perform less well than White children in academic achievement and social cognition. The study has important limitations that lead us to view these findings as exploratory, but taken together with other findings, the results suggest that Montessori education may create an environment that is more conducive to racial and ethnic parity than other school environments.

Language: English

DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v9i1.19540

ISSN: 2378-3923

Language: English

Published: New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1975

Abstract/Notes: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar como ocorre o processo de formação de professores para atuar no contexto das propostas pedagógicas Waldorf, Montessori e experiência da Escola da Ponte, com enfoque em cursos de formação para cada uma destas propostas. Os dados foram coletados através da participação da pesquisadora como aluna de cursos de formação para cada uma das propostas, ocorridos nos períodos de 2009 a 2013, trabalho de campo em escolas que adotam as propostas referidas, conversas com professores, sete entrevistas e um questionário, com professores e/ou formadores que atuam ou atuaram nestas propostas. Os dados foram registrados em notas de campo expandidas e as entrevistas foram gravadas em áudio e transcritas. O material foi interpretado e discutido de forma qualitativa, segundo um caráter etnográfico interpretativo. Todo esse processo foi apresentado através de narrativas que revelaram a experiência vivida pela pesquisadora tanto nos cursos de formação quanto nas escolas e, também, discussões que explicitaram como ocorre o processo de formação de professores para atuar nas três propostas, destacando como o ensino de Matemática foi abordado nestas formações. Foi realizada uma reflexão sobre os temas que emergiram. Na proposta Waldorf, destacamos os pressupostos teórico-filosófico-metodológicos que a embasam, o autoconhecimento (conhecimento de si mesmo), as artes e o professor de classe (professor generalista). No método de Maria Montessori salientamos os pressupostos teórico-filosófico-metodológicos que o embasam e sua consequente atualização, a importância da prática/estágio e o autoconhecimento. Na experiência da Escola da Ponte sobressaiu-se a formação centrada na escola (destaque para o círculo de estudos). A pesquisa contribui com discussões para a formação de professores que Ensinam Matemática, apontando, em especial, para a formação interior do professor através do conhecimento de si mesmo, vertente que é considerada nas propostas Waldorf e Montessori. [The aim of this research was to investigate how the process of teacher training occurs to act in the context of the Waldorf, Montessori and Escola da Ponte pedagogical proposals, focusing on training courses for each of these proposals. Data were collected through the participation of the researcher as a student of training courses for each of the proposals, which took place in the periods from 2009 to 2013, fieldwork in schools that adopt the aforementioned proposals, conversations with teachers, seven interviews and a questionnaire, with professors and/or trainers who work or have acted on these proposals. Data were recorded in expanded field notes and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. The material was interpreted and discussed qualitatively, according to an interpretive ethnographic character. This entire process was presented through narratives that revealed the experience lived by the researcher both in training courses and in schools, and also discussions that explained how the process of teacher training occurs to act in the three proposals, highlighting how the teaching of Mathematics was addressed in these trainings. A reflection was carried out on the themes that emerged. In the Waldorf proposal, we highlight the theoretical-philosophical-methodological assumptions that underlie it, self-knowledge (self-knowledge), the arts and the class teacher (generalist teacher). In Maria Montessori's method, we emphasize the theoretical-philosophical-methodological assumptions that underlie it and its consequent updating, the importance of practice/internship and self-knowledge. In the experience of Escola da Ponte, education centered on the school stood out (highlight for the study circle). The research contributes to discussions for the formation of teachers who Teach Mathematics, pointing, in particular, to the inner formation of the teacher through self-knowledge, an aspect that is considered in the Waldorf and Montessori proposals.]

Language: Portuguese

Published: São Paulo, Brazil, 2015

Language: German

Published: München, Germany: Kösel, 1997

Edition: 2nd ed.

ISBN: 3-466-30405-9 978-3-466-30405-9

Abstract/Notes: The text is devoted to the role of ritual and art in overcoming individual suffering and social crises. Although unpopular in the contemporary culture of analgesics, focused on achieving quick results, the ritual process (as Maria Mendel and Tomasz Szkudlarek show after Turner) is essentially identical to the experience of crisis. Therefore, going through rituals has the potential of transgression, and solving difficult situations for individuals and societies. I discuss this with examples of the changes in birth narratives and also showing the ways of dealing with trauma of Martin Miller, son of the famous psychotherapist Alice Miller. Another feature of contemporary culture is the rejection of the sacrum, as illustrated by the removal of theosophical threads from Maria Montessori’s biography and the marginalization of Rudolf Steiner's Waldorf schools, which stem from the crisis of Western rationality. Reproduced and mediated by art, rituals are used in Waldorf schools for educational and developmental purposes, and, according to the theories above, they may have the potential to overcome adolescence crises.

Language: Polish

DOI: 10.18778/2450-4491.12.08

ISSN: 2450-4491

Language: German

ISSN: 0507-7230