Language: German

DOI: 10.5169/seals-901872

ISSN: 1424-845X

Abstract/Notes: This paper aims to inquire about the pedagogy of María Montessori in Argentina from the point of view of the history of education. In order to achieve this goal, the historical sources analyzed were two of the most critical journals in the first half of the 20th century: El Monitor de la Educación Común and La Obra. The first was the official review of the National Education Council, which oversaw Argentinian primary education as a government organ. The second was driven by a group of teachers and was formerly known as the official representation of the New School in Argentina. This investigation looks for marks and hints on the reception among Argentinean teachers of this pedagogy, internationalized since the second decade of the 20th century, over these two journals. As the main contribution, we learn about different ways of appropriation of Montessori’s pedagogy as well as the critics of her proposal and its usage to discuss positions of power in the local pedagogy field.

Language: Spanish

DOI: 10.17227/pys.num58-17331

ISSN: 2500-6436, 0121-2494

Language: German

Published: Würzburg, Germany: Ergon, 1996

ISBN: 3-928034-90-1

Language: Polish

ISSN: 1895-6297

Abstract/Notes: È noto quanto Maria Montessori fosse esigente nei confronti del maestro. In questo articolo si presenta la sua visione delle caratteristiche che devono animare il «nuovo Maestro» per consentire «al bambino nuovo» di potersi sviluppare in modo armonioso ed equilibrato. Dato che la peculiarità della pedagogia montessoriana è cambiare la modalità relazionale tra l’adulto e il bambino, sono messi in risalto alcuni aspetti concreti e universali condivisibili da tutti gli insegnanti. Questi possono essere applicati ovunque e possono anche facilitare la didattica, anche senza applicare tutto il Metodo Montessori, giacché l’autoeducazione del bambino è legata all’autodisciplina dell’adulto. Per formare i maestri Maria Montessori aveva scelto di organizzare i Corsi internazionali di formazione che duravano diversi mesi. Per chiarire gli elementi essenziali, vengono studiate le conferenze riguardo al nuovo maestro pronunciate durante questi corsi. Da esse vengono ricavati i tre livelli di formazione: materiale, scientifica e spirituale. Alcuni aspetti imprescindibili vengono più approfonditi, quali lo spogliarsi dei preconcetti, il cambiare le attitudini morali e l’essere un’osservatore gioioso, aspetti che la Montessori considerava essenziali per risolvere il problema dell’educazione. Basandosi anche su alcuni racconti di allieve, sono proposte alcune modalità scelte da Hélène Lubienska de Lenval durante il suo Cours Pédagogique, e sono presentate alcune scelte pedagogiche di Adele Costa Gnocchi, che aprirà la Scuola Assistenti all’Infanzia dove saranno approfondite le intuizioni della Montessori per il bambino piccolo fino a tre anni. / Es conocido lo exigente que Maria Montessori ha sido en relación a los maestros. En este artículo se presenta su visión de las características que debería poseer el “nuevo maestro” para permitir al “nuevo niño” desarrollarse de manera armoniosa y equilibrada. Considerando que la finalidad de la pedagogía montessoriana es cambiar la modalidad de interacción entre el adulto y el niño, se pueden destacar algunos aspectos concretos y universales que puedan compartir por todos los maestros. Sin necesidad de aplicar completamente el Método Montessori, estos elementos pueden ser útiles en todo tipo de circunstancia y facilitar la didáctica, puesto che la autoeducación del niño depende de la autodisciplina del adulto. Para formar a los maestros, Maria Montessori decidió organizar los cursos internacionales de formación con una duración de varios meses. Para aclarar los aspectos esenciales, en este artículo se toman en consideración las conferencias relativas al “nuevo maestro” que se pronunciaron en estos cursos. A partir de ellas se pueden derivar los tres niveles de formación: material, científica y espiritual. Se profundiza sobre algunos aspectos fundamentales como liberarse de los prejuicios, cambiar la actitud moral y ser un alegre y atento observador, aspectos que Maria Montessori consideraba primordiales para resolver el problema de la educación. Basándose en algunos relatos de sus alumnas, también se exponen algunas modalidades adoptadas por Hélène Lubienska de Lenval presentadas durante su Cours Pédagogique y además se presentan algunas opciones pedagógicas de Adele Costa Gnocchi, que abrirá la Escuela de Asistentes de la Infancia donde se estudiará a profundidad la visión de Maria Montessori para el niño pequeño, hasta los tres años de edad. / It is well known how much Maria Montessori demanded of teachers. This article presents her vision of the characteristics which should animate the “new teacher” in order to allow the development of the “new child” in a harmonious and balanced manner. Given that the goal of the Montessori pedagogy is to change the manner of relating between adult and child, some concrete and universal characteristics are highlighted which are common to all teachers. Even without applying the entire Montessori methodology, these elements can be useful in all circumstances and can facilitate teaching, given that the self education of the child is linked to the self discipline of the adult. To train teachers, Maria Montessori chose to organize international training courses lasting several months. To clarify the essential elements, the conferences regarding the topic of the new teacher during these training courses are presented here. These elements are divided into three levels of training: the material level, the scientific level, and the spiritual level. Some essential aspects are covered in depth, such as the denuding of preconceptions; changing of moral attitudes; being a joyful observer; all approaches that Maria Montessori considered essential to solve the problem of education. Finally, on the basis of stories of students, there are presented some methods chosen by Helene Lubienska de Lenval taken from her Cours Pedagogique, and some pedagogical methods taken from Adele Costa Gnocchi, who will open the Scuola Assistenti all’Infanzia, where they will delve deeper into Montessori insights regarding the small child up to three years of age.

Language: Italian

ISSN: 2255-0666

Language: German

DOI: 10.5169/seals-312786

Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori e Ludwig Wittgenstein hanno apportato un contributo significativo allo sviluppo del concetto di linguaggio in ambito educativo. Muovendo dalla sfera del linguaggio parlato e passando poi a quella del linguaggio scritto, l’articolo che segue ha come proposito quello di far emergere le affinità concettuali rintracciate all’interno delle opere dei due autori. Tale parallelismo ha origine comune nella centralità affidata al rapporto interdipendente tra pensiero e linguaggio. L’articolo qui proposto vuole soprattutto amplificare il messaggio filosofico ed etico che accompagna questo pensiero comune ad entrambi gli autori e che può essere così riassunto: un ambiente educativo all’interno del quale venga promossa una visione filosofica ed etica del linguaggio permette al bambino di migliorare la qualità della propria vita intima e sociale. / Maria Montessori y Ludwig Wittgenstein han aportado una contribución significativa en el desarrollo del concepto de lenguaje en el ámbito educativo. Empezando por la esfera del lenguaje hablado y atravesando la de la escritura, este artículo se propone resaltar las afinidades conceptuales delineadas entre las obras de los dos autores. Este paralelismo encuentra orígenes comunes en la centralidad conferida al vínculo entre pensamiento y lenguaje. El propósito de este artículo es el de destacar el mensaje filosófico y ético que acompaña el pensamiento de los dos autores y que puede ser así resumido: un entorno educativo dentro del cual sea promovida una visión filosófica y ética del lenguaje, permite al niño mejorar la calidad de su propia vida interior y social. / Maria Montessori and Ludwig Wittgenstein contributed to formulate notions of language in the field of education. Starting from spoken language and moving to the written word, this article aims to unfold the conceptual resemblances in both authors. This parallelism finds common origins in the centrality conferred on the relationship between thought and language. The purpose of this article is to highlight the philosophical and ethical message that accompanies the thoughts of the two authors and that can be summarized that way: an educational environment within which a philosophical and ethical vision of language is promoted allows the child to improve the quality of their own individual and social life.

Language: Italian

ISSN: 2255-0666

Abstract/Notes: During the past ten years, a total of 3,642 teachers and administrators have attended the Korean Montessori Teacher Training Program (KMTTP). A sample of Montessori teachers (n = 261) and Korean parents (n = 375) from 32 Korean Montessori schools located in the major cities of Korea were surveyed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this teacher preparation program. The EXPECTATIONS AND GOAL ATTAINMENT QUESTIONNAIRE (EGAQ), designed by the researcher, was the instrumentation used to conduct this study. Major findings demonstrated that 74.5 percent of the teachers surveyed indicated that their main reasons for attending the KMTTP were to increase their professional competency and their knowledge of child development through Montessori philosophy. The correlation between teachers' levels of satisfaction with their preparation and perceived effectiveness of the training program was higher (r =.29, p $<$.05) than between their levels of satisfaction with the program and their perceptions of their preparedness after completion of training (r =.18, p $<$.05). Significant differences existed between perceived effectiveness of the KMTTP and teachers' ages, positions, and years of experience. Older teachers and those with more advanced teaching positions expressed greater satisfaction with the program. Teachers indicated that, upon completion of the KMTTP, they felt more prepared in, than knowledgeable of, Montessori educational methodology. From the parent perspective, the most frequently cited reason (74.3%) for sending their child to a Montessori School was to provide a learning environment that nurtured their child's interpersonal growth. A majority of the parents (58.5%) were very satisfied with the Montessori experience; no parents were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied. In correlating the effectiveness of Montessori education with specific outcomes, parents indicated highest levels of satisfaction in the areas of "concentration" and "academic achievement." A majority of the teachers surveyed (52.8%) encouraged the implementation of the Montessori Teacher Training Program in neighboring countries, with 42.1 percent strongly encouraging implementation. This study demonstrated the need for further development and improvement in the area of Montessori teacher training in Korea.

Language: English

Published: San Francisco, California, 1994

Language: English

ISSN: 1054-0040

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0042-7241