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Master's Thesis
Printing Peace: Cultural and Pedagogical Negotiation Through Children's Periodicals in Costa Rica, 1912-1947
Available from: University of Illinois - IDEALS
Americas, Carmen Lyra - Biographic sources, Central America, Costa Rica, Latin America and the Caribbean, Luisa González - Biographic sources, Montessori method of education - History, Peace
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Abstract/Notes: At the turn of the twentieth century, in the context of the budding nation-state formation process throughout Latin America, liberalism, nationalism, and social reforms dominated Latin American intellectual political discourse in its relentless quest for modernity. Popular literacy movements and the expansion and centralization of the educational sphere, which was essential for cultivating national identities and reinforcing allegiance, proliferated throughout Latin America. In Costa Rica, the Olympians, a group of elite intellectuals intricately connected with the agro-export oligarchy, directed social and political reforms. The Olympians were overwhelmingly patriotic and patriarchal, and aimed to create a national culture that would reinforce existing economic, gender, and racial hierarchies. This project focuses on revolutionary feminists Carmen Lyra and Luisa González, who negotiated the cultural politics of education as intermediaries between students and the state through the publication of children’s periodicals. Specifically, this project analyzes the periodicals San Selerín (1912-1913, 1923-1924) and Triquitraque (1936-1947) to elucidate the ways in which these educators used children’s literature and Montessorian pedagogy to create a culture of inclusion and engagement rather than the patriotic and patriarchal pedagogy the Olympians. Contemporary memory has forgotten the revolutionary ideals of these educators, but this project affirms Carmen Lyra and Luisa González cannot be separated from their legacies as active members of the Costa Rican Communist Party, as fervent proletarian internationalists, and as revolutionary feminists. To do so would be to neutralize the potency of their memory.
Language: English
Published: Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 2016
Article
The Effects of Three Different Educational Approaches on Children's Drawing Ability: Steiner, Montessori, and Traditional
Available from: Wiley Online Library
Publication: British Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 70, no. 4
Date: 2000
Pages: 485-503
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Abstract/Notes: Although there is a national curriculum for art education in the UK there are also alternative approaches in the private sector. This paper addresses the issue of the effect of these approaches on children's drawing ability. Aim. To compare the drawing ability in three drawing tasks of children in Steiner, Montessori and traditional schools. Sample. The participants were 60 school children between the ages of 5;11 and 7;2. Twenty children were tested in each type of school. Method. Each child completed three drawings: a free drawing, a scene and an observational drawing. Results. As predicted, the free and scene drawings of children in the Steiner school were rated more highly than those of children in Montessori and traditional schools. Steiner children's use of colour was also rated more highly, although they did not use more colours than the other children. Steiner children used significantly more fantasy topics in their free drawings. Further observation indicated that the Steiner children were better at using the whole page and organising their drawings into a scene; their drawings were also more detailed. Contrary to previous research Montessori children did not draw more inanimate objects and geometrical shapes or fewer people than other children. Also, contrary to the prediction, Steiner children were significantly better rather than worse than other children at observational drawing. Conclusion. The results suggest that the approach to art education in Steiner schools is conducive not only to more highly rated imaginative drawings in terms of general drawing ability and use of colour but also to more accurate and detailed observational drawings.
Language: English
ISSN: 2044-8279, 0007-0998
Article
The Use of Play in Occupational Therapy for Children: What is Play?
Available from: SAGE Journals
Publication: British Journal of Occupational Therapy, vol. 55, no. 3
Date: Mar 1992
Pages: 107-108
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Abstract/Notes: This article introduces some of the theoretical principles that inform the use of play in the treatment of children with disabilities. A number of competing definitions of play and its functions are briefly discussed. Both educationalists and child psychotherapists make claims for the value of play but tend to offer quite different explanations of why it helps vulnerable children, whilst animal ethologists stress the role of play in promoting survival and adaptation. Some of the key ideas of historically important play theorists, including Freud, Klein, Winnicott, Froebel, Montessori and Piaget, are mentioned.
Language: English
DOI: 10.1177/030802269205500309
ISSN: 0308-0226, 1477-6006
Article
The Spontaneous Intelligence of Children
Publication: Communications (Association Montessori Internationale, 195?-2008), vol. 1967, no. 1/2
Date: 1967
Pages: 9–13
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Language: English
ISSN: 0519-0959
Conference Paper
A Comparison of Preschool Children in Observation Tasks From Two Programs: Montessori and Science - A Process Approach
Available from: ERIC
National Association for Research in Science Teaching (47th, Chicago, Illinois, April 15-18, 1974)
Conferences, Montessori method of education - Evaluation, National Association for Research in Science Teaching (47th, Chicago, Illinois, April 15-18, 1974)
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Abstract/Notes: The purpose of this study was to compare preschool children from classes using the Montessori method and Science-A Process Approach (S-APA) in the process skill of observation. The first stage of the study compared the programs with respect to (1) the sequential presentation, (2) the use of materials to provide sensory training, (3) practice acquired through activities, and (4) the role of the teacher. Conclusions were that because S-APA and Montessori seemed to have common elements and because both had taught the process of observation, there was a reasonable justification to compare student competence in observation. The second part of the study compared the competence on observational tasks of three groups of 25 children, ages 5 and 6. The first group received Montessori training for two years in preschool, the second group used S-APA for one year with background of another type of preschool that excluded Montessori, and the third group which served as a control had neither Montessori nor S-APA training in their two-year preschool experience. Students were tested on a set of observational tasks from the text, the Science Process Instrument. Findings showed no significant differences between the Montessori and the S-APA preschool students in regard to competence in observation. Both the Montessori and the S-APA groups scored higher than the control group. This work is based on the authors doctoral dissertation research.
Language: English
Published: Chicago, Illinois, Apr 1974
Article
Effectiveness of a Structured Hand Hygiene Education Program in Relation to Preschool Children’s Knowledge and Practice
Available from: Journal of Namibian Studies
Publication: Journal of Namibian Studies, vol. 33, no. S3
Date: 2023
Pages: 2278-2295
Asia, Australasia, Hygiene, Montessori schools, Montessori schools, Southeast Asia
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Abstract/Notes: Handwashing can prevent diarrhea-related illness and respiratory infections, such as a cold or the flu. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of structured intervention program on knowledge and practice of hand washing among preschool children. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in three-time phases among 32 preschoolers aged between 3 to 6 years old in Kedah. The same questionnaire was delivered at each phase and they underwent the intervention program of hand washing. Their performance in hand washing was measured and evaluated using a questionnaire and checklist. The results of the study revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) in mean preschoolers' children score on knowledge and practice before and after participated in the intervention program. Overall, preschoolers' knowledge and practice of handwashing were significantly (p<0.05) improved by the intervention program. However, as the participants were young children, it is important to emphasize the consistency of reinforcement of knowledge and regular practices of hand hygiene.
Language: English
ISSN: 1863-5954, 2197-5523
Article
Exercise Caution with Magnets for Children under Age Six
Publication: Montessori Leadership, vol. 8, no. 3
Date: Sep 2007
Pages: 19
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Language: English
Article
Kids Korner [poems by children]
Publication: The National Montessori Reporter, vol. 20, no. 3
Date: 1996
Pages: 6–7
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Language: English
Article
Kōen chō shōshika jidai no yōji no kurashi / 超少子化時代の幼児のくらし / Children's Life Styles in Time of Super-Declining Birthrate
Publication: Montessori Kyōiku / モンテッソーリ教育 [Montessori Education], no. 39
Date: 2006
Pages: 21-32
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Abstract/Notes: This is an article from Montessori Education, a Japanese language periodical published by the Japan Association Montessori.
Language: Japanese
ISSN: 0913-4220
Article
The Effects of Four Programs of Classroom Intervention on the Intellectual and Language Development of Four-Year-Old Children
Available from: Wiley Online Library
Publication: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, vol. 40, no. 1
Date: 1970
Pages: 58-76
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Abstract/Notes: Differential effects of four preschool programs were evaluated through pre‐and post‐batteries of standardized tests. The interventions represent levels of structure along a continuum from the traditional to the highly structured preschool. Results from all instruments differentiated among the programs, and clearly favored the highly structured preschool.
Language: English
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.1970.tb00679.x
ISSN: 0002-9432, 1939-0025