Language: English

ISSN: 0028-5048

Language: English

ISSN: 0028-5048

Abstract/Notes: Phillips asserts that Montessori developed a “cognitive theory” that is generally ignored by psychologists. This work locates Montessori’s work in the the context of late nineteenth century theory with Feud, Adler and Jung, as well as the theories of Darwin and Hegel.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/0260747770030106

ISSN: 0305-8913

Abstract/Notes: The historiography of child guidance has focused primarily on the United States, where it first developed before travelling across the English-speaking world. The rapid expansion of child guidance in the interwar years was enabled by private philanthropy, which provided fellowships to foreign professionals to study in the United States. This article focuses upon the transnational transfer of child guidance, the dynamic psychology on which it was based, and the accompanying psychopathologisation of child-rearing culture to a non-English speaking country, the Netherlands. First, it discusses the development of child guidance and the reception of dynamic psychology in the United States and Britain. Next, it analyses the transfer to the Netherlands. It turns out that the Dutch did not copy the American model, but adapted it to fit their conditions and created a more diverse child guidance landscape, in which educational psychology played a less important role than child psychiatry.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/0046760X.2020.1748727

ISSN: 0046-760X, 1464-5130

Language: English

Abstract/Notes: Speech delivered at 11th International Montessori Congress

Language: English

ISSN: 0571-1142

Abstract/Notes: Through philosophical analysis of Montessori’s critiques of psychology, I aim to show the enduring relevance of those critiques. Maria Montessori sees experimental psychology as fundamental to philosophy and pedagogy, but she objects to the experimental psychology of her day in four ways: as disconnected from practice, as myopic, as based excessively on methods from physical sciences, and—most fundamentally—as offering detailed examinations of human beings (particularly children) under abnormal conditions. In place of these prevailing norms, Montessori suggests a model of the teacher-scientist in a specially prepared environment, who can engage in sustained and impassioned observation of “normalized” children. Drawing from a variety of texts and recently published lectures, this article lays out Montessori’s philosophy of experimental psychology and briefly discusses its relevance today.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1086/682395

ISSN: 2152-5188

Abstract/Notes: Previously published in: Montessori opvoeding, (1962/1963), n. 3, p. 27-29; and Vita dell'infanzia, 12 (1963), n. 5, p. 10-16.

Language: English

ISSN: 0571-1142

Language: English

ISSN: 0571-1142

Abstract/Notes: This study examined critically Montessori’s concepts on early childhood education through Islamic Psychology perspective. This research used qualitative methodology with a literature approach. The results showed that (1) Montessori’s method pays more attention to the cognitive aspect of children development while children potential doesn’t only consist of cognitive, affective, and psycho-motoric aspects, but also spiritual one; (2) Reinforcement are not needed in Montessori’s method, while in Islamic Psychology, rewards can increase children's learning and punishment is needed to make children become disciplined in carrying out the rules; (3) Learning environment should be structured, in order, realistic and natural. This concept is suitable for upper class educational institutions but it would be difficult for middle-low income groups since the materials required by Montessori’s method is expensive enough. (4) Parents and teachers are required to become observers and interpreters. This role may pose problem on the part of parents and teachers since not all parents and teachers have criteria to act as is it expected by Montessori’s method.

Language: English

DOI: 10.15575/jpi.v5i2.5835

ISSN: 2460-8149