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1418 results

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Striving for Coherence, Struggling With Incoherence: A Comparative Study of Six Educational Systems Organizing for Instruction

Available from: SAGE Journals

Publication: Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, vol. 44, no. 4

Pages: 567-592

Comparative education

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Abstract/Notes: This article examines how leaders in public, private, and hybrid educational systems manage competing pressures in their institutional environments. Across all systems, leaders responded to system-specific puzzles by (re)building systemwide educational infrastructures to support instructional coherence and framed these efforts as rooted in concerns about pragmatic organizational legitimacy. These efforts surfaced several challenges related to educational equity; leaders framed their responses to these challenges as tied to both pragmatic and moral organizational legitimacy. To address these challenges, leaders turned to an array of disparate government and nongovernment organizations in their institutional environments to procure and coordinate essential resources. Thus, the press for instructional coherence reinforced their reliance on an incoherent institutional environment.

Language: English

DOI: 10.3102/01623737221093382

ISSN: 0162-3737

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Self-Perceptions on Digital Competences for M-Learning and Education Sustainability: A Study with Teachers from Different Countries

Available from: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)

Publication: Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 1

Pages: 343

Perceptions, Sustainability

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Abstract/Notes: The current international landscape shows that the most common alternative for the continuity of formative learning processes during the coronavirus pandemic has been the use the of e-learning to support children’s learning in environments outside of school. This forced change in teaching methods has consolidated the recognition that the digital skills of teachers are a relevant factor for the sustainability of education, both during the pandemic and in a future post-pandemic period or in other emergencies. In this sense, the objective of this study carried out between May and September 2020 was to determine the perceptions of 427 teachers from 15 countries about their digital competences in working with m-learning in primary education using a Montessori approach. The results of the questionnaire showed that teachers perceive their digital competences as inert and not very effective for innovation compared with the subsistence of traditional pedagogical practices, to deal with unpredictable situations or to generate differentiated adaptations for an inclusive education. The results of this study also serve as empirical support for establishing four training dimensions that can be considered priorities for the construction and implementation of a teacher training model that contributes to the sustainable development of education.

Language: English

DOI: 10.3390/su13010343

ISSN: 2071-1050

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Vico and the Methods of Study of "Our" Time

Available from: JSTOR

Publication: Social Research, vol. 43, no. 4

Pages: 753-767

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Language: English

ISSN: 0037-783X

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

The Dynamic Interactions Among Beliefs, Role Metaphors, and Teaching Practices: A Case Study of Teacher Change

Available from: Wiley Online Library

Publication: Science Education, vol. 75, no. 2

Pages: 185–199

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Language: English

DOI: 10.1002/sce.3730750204

ISSN: 1098-237X

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Studying Students in Montessori Schools

Available from: AAAS - Science

Publication: Science, vol. 315

Pages: 596-597

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Abstract/Notes: In their education forum "Evaluating Montessori education" (29 Sept., p. 1893), A. Lillard and N. Else-Quest do not consider that differential peer influences between their test and control groups of students may contribute to the differences they observed. The authors controlled for parental effects by examining only students whose parents had entered a lottery for entry into a Montessori school. However, the students who were unable to attend the Montessori school because their parents "lost" the lottery were dispersed to traditional schools, where they would have been educated with a majority of peers whose parents did not enter the lottery at all. The differences they found in the academic and behavioral performance of students in Montessori and traditional schools may not reflect the superiority of the former educational approach, but the negative effect of peer relationships in the latter.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1126/science.315.5812.596b

ISSN: 0036-8075, 1095-9203

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Solución de Problemas: Estudio evaluativo de tres enfoques pedagógicos en las escuelas mexicanas [Problem-Solving: Evaluative Study of Three Pedagogical Approaches in Mexican Schools]

Available from: Universidad de Almería (Spain)

Publication: Revista Electrónica de Investigación Psicoeducativa / Electronic Journal of Research in Education Psychology, vol. 1, no. 2

Pages: 79-96

Americas, Central America, Comparative education, Latin America and the Caribbean, Mexico, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., Montessori method of education - Evaluation, Problem solving

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Abstract/Notes: Introduction: One of the most important goals of the Mexican educational system is that students, from primary education onward, acquire complex thinking skills such as "problem solving" and "creativity", among others. This paper describes how problem solving finds expression in three different pedagogical approaches in Mexico.Method: The design used is not an experimental type, since variables are observed in an existing situation without being deliberately manipulated. The design is also descriptive cross-sectional or transversal, since measurement is taken on a single occasion, obtaining the incidence of values manifest by the variable under study. Additionally it is performed with a mixed design type 6 X 1.Results: Results show how children from the Freinet school obtain the highest scores in both groups, and that the lowest scores correspond to the traditional public school. There are significant statistical differences between the different pedagogical approaches in regard to problem solving in their basic educational process.Discussion: A new educational model is required, one that takes into account all human potentialities in its programs, adapting human resources and necessary materials responsible for the educational process. It is indispensable to include educational content where problem-solving skills are exercised, taught and developed.

Language: Spanish

DOI: 10.25115/ejrep.2.111

ISSN: 1696-2095

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

The Role of Movement and Sensorial Stimuli for Therapy and education. A comparative study

Available from: Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

Publication: Revista de Știinţe Educaţiei, vol. 44, no. 2

Pages: 19-36

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Abstract/Notes: The following article looks at the role movement and sensorial stimuli do play in the educational approaches of Dr. Maria Montessori and Dr. Emmi Pikler as well as the Sensorial Integration and Psychomotor Therapy. The author of this paper has been studying, applying, and teaching all four approaches for many years and used her expertise in all four approaches to look at whether independent scientific research proves the effectiveness of movement and sensorial stimuli for reaching therapeutical as well as educational goals and to also provide scientific evidence for the fact that all four approaches focus on the role of these two factors, which means that this is a comparative study utilizing existing research papers. The methods of applying movement and sensorial stimuli in the four approaches mentioned above are being compared and linked to recent scientific findings concerning the role of movement and sensorial stimuli for the efficacy of education and therapy. This article compares the four approaches based on scientific research on the various methods as well as independent research which looks and the impact of movement and sensorial stimuli as well as a method of application and its effectiveness. It has been found that sensorial stimulation and movement are closely connected and that these play a major role in all four approaches although the methods of application are quite different. One example might be that the Montessori method purposefully teaches specific movements in specific ways while only Sensory integration therapy also utilizes passive movement as a sensorial stimulation. All four approaches rely on the self-motivation of the child and do not apply any kind of pressure.

Language: English

DOI: 10.35923/JES.2021.2.02

ISSN: 2457-8673

Article

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"My Name Is Sally Brown, and I Hate School!": A Retrospective Study of School Liking Among Conventional and Montessori School Alumni

Available from: Wiley Online Library

Publication: Psychology in the Schools, vol. 60, no. 3

Pages: 541-565

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Abstract/Notes: School liking shows clear associations with academic success, yet we know little about how it changes over levels of schooling, what predicts liking school at each level, or how attending alternative schools like Montessori might impact liking. To better understand school liking across time and education settings, we surveyed adults about how much they remember liking elementary, middle, and high school, and identified key school features that predicted higher school liking at each level. Because Montessori schools have many features that other literature suggests predict higher school liking, we purposely sampled Montessori alumni as well, and compared their schools' features for elementary school only (due to sample size). Moreover, we collected open-ended responses about what participants in both conventional and Montessori liked least about school, revealing what features of their school experiences might have led to less overall school liking. The unique contributions of this study are (1) showing how a wide range of school features predict recalled school liking, (2) examining data for all school levels using a single sample of participants, and (3) comparing recalled school liking and its predictors across conventional and Montessori schools. The sample included 630 adults, of whom 436 were conventional school alumni and 187 were Montessori alumni (7 participants did not report school type). Participants' mean age was 35.8 years (SD = 10.53, range = 19–77), and 53% were female. Participants were recruited online, and they responded to Qualtrics surveys about school liking, school features, and their demographics. School liking overall was tepid, and was highest in elementary and lowest in middle school. For all participants, recalling a sense of community and interest in schoolwork were most strongly associated with school liking. Adults who attended schools which emphasized studying topics of personal interest and rewards for positive behavior also liked school more. Montessori school alumni reported higher school liking and that learning was what they liked most about school; by contrast, conventional school alumni most liked seeing friends. Levels of school liking, as recalled by adults, are low overall, but are higher in elementary school and higher amongst those who recall their schools as having stronger community, catering more to student interest, and rewarding positive behavior. In addition, school liking was higher among people who attended Montessori schools. Further research could extend to a cross-sectional study of children currently enrolled in different types of schools.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1002/pits.22777

ISSN: 0033-3085, 1520-6807

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

IES Arrow-Dot Longitudinal Study of Personality Development in Preschool Children

Available from: SAGE Journals

Publication: Perceptual and Motor Skills, vol. 40, no. 1

Pages: 209-210

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Abstract/Notes: Preschool children were administered the IES Arrow-Dot at the beginning and end of the school year and scores compared with those based on a prior study in a Montessori preschool. Developmental trends of declining Impulsivity and rising Ego scores were corroborated. Superego development remained almost stable in contrast to a significant rise for the Montessori sample. Results support effective use of the test with preschoolers to assess baselines and developmental patterns of personality integration.

Language: English

DOI: 10.2466/pms.1975.40.1.209

ISSN: 1558-688X, 0031-5125

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Longitudinal Corroboration of a Cross-Sectional Study of Development of Preschool Children with the Arrow-dot Test

Available from: SAGE Journals

Publication: Perceptual and Motor Skills, vol. 30, no. 1

Pages: 269-270

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Abstract/Notes: Children in a Montessori preschool were administered a series of tests at the beginning of the school year and retested on the same battery 8 mo. later, at the end of the school year. The children exhibited a mean gain of about 11 points on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test IQ. They also exhibited a decline in Impuisivity and an increase in Superego scores, on the average, as measured by the Arrow-Dot Test. These longitudinal results corroborate an earlier cross-sectional analysis; and, as these results follow a prediction from Freudian theory, give indication of construct validity for the test.

Language: English

DOI: 10.2466/pms.1970.30.1.269

ISSN: 1558-688X, 0031-5125

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