Language: English

ISSN: 1071-6246

Abstract/Notes: V magistrski nalogi smo združili področji angleškega jezika in predšolske vzgoje. Osredotočili smo se na sodobne pristope poučevanja tujega jezika v vrtcu Montessori ter želeli ugotoviti, kako predšolski otroci usvajajo tuj jezik. V teoretičnem delu smo pregledali teorijo pedagogike Montessori in značilnosti učenja ter poučevanja tujega jezika v predšolskem obdobju. Empirični del smo zastavili tako, da je združil obe področji. V Hiši otrok Antonina v Biljah pri Novi Gorici smo s pomočjo opazovalnega lista pridobili potrebne informacije, s katerimi smo odgovorili na že prej zastavljena raziskovalna vprašanja ter potrdili oziroma zavrnili zastavljene hipoteze. Pri opazovanju smo se osredotočili na strategije poučevanja angleškega jezika, metode dela, tematike učnih ur, raznolikost dejavnosti, uporabljene materiale, aktivnost otrok, uporabo angleškega jezika, odziv vzgojitelja na napake otrok in na napredek otrok ob večkratni ponovitvi individualnih in skupinskih dejavnosti. Ker sta vzgojiteljici med učenjem angleščine nenehno uporabljali angleški jezik, so se otroci poleg besedišča učili tudi melodijo in ritem jezika, kar jim bo pomagalo pri nadaljnjem učenju angleščine. Koncept Montessori poskuša otroke izoblikovati tako, da bodo v nadaljnjem življenju samostojni, odgovorni in potrpežljivi. Otroci se preko različnih pravil in dejavnosti tega učijo. [In this Master's thesis we combined English language and preschool education. We focused on modern ways of teaching and learning a foreign language in Montessori kindergarten. In theoretical part we took a look at theory of Montessori pedagogy and theory of learning a foreign language in kindergarten. In empirical part we combined these two together. In Hiša otrok Antonina in Bilje near Nova Gorica we organised an observation of a group of children from the second age group in kindergarten. In our observations we used observation sheets. With those, we obtained the information we were interested in. During our ten observations we focused on seventeen points of our observation sheet. The first part contained basic information like the name of the observer, the name of the teacher, number of children, age group, theme and lesson aims, goals of the activities, methods used, didactic materials, the language of instructions, comprehension of instructions, teacher's reaction to children's mistakes, teacher's usage of English language, whether the children waited for a specific material or they focused their attention on something else, whether children were active during different tasks, whether children returned to the same material and an observation of individual's and group's multiple usage of the same material.]

Language: Slovenian

Published: Maribor, Slovenia, 2017

Abstract/Notes: U zadnjim desetljećima sve veći broj znanstvenika i pedagoga praktičara pokazuje interes za Montessori pedagogiju, provjerava je u praksi i potvrđuje da je riječ o modernoj, vremenu primjerenoj pedagogiji koja odgovara na razvojne potrebe suvremene djece i mladih. Brojna istraživanja pokazuju kako djeca iz Montessori škola, u usporedbi s djecom iz standardnih škola, pokazuju bolju motivaciju za učenje, višestruke interese, samostalnost i pozitivan odnos prema učenju te veću odgovornost prema zajednici. Istraživanja euroznanosti i razvojne psihologije potvrđuju postavke Montessori pedagogije o individualnom planu razvoja, koji prolazi određene stupnjeve (senzibilna razdoblja, prozori učenja) te o potrebi didaktički obliko vanog okruženja kao pomoći u individualnom razvoju. Zahtjev za slobodom, samostalnosti i samoaktivnosti Montessori je, za razliku od emancipatorske pedagogije i sociokonstruktivizma, postavila u okvire razvojne i moralne slobode i jasno defi nirala uvjete slobode i pretpostavke samostalnosti djeteta. Sloboda shvaćena kao izgradnja kompetencija za djelovanje – cilj je, ali i put, koji dijete prolazi u svome razvoju i na kojemu treba sigurnost, zaštićenost, praćenje i pomoć odraslih. Modernost Montessori pedagogije treba tražiti u znanstveno utemeljenoj psihologiji razvoja, u pedagoški oblikovanoj ponudi učenja i u pedagoškom etosu odgajatelja. [In recent decades an increasing number of scholars and pedagogues have been showing interest in the educational approach developed by Maria Montessori, applying it in practice and arguing that it is a modern and timely pedagogy that responds to the developmental needs of contemporary children and youth. Numerous surveys show that children educated in Montessori schools, in comparison to children educated in standard schools, demonstrate a greater motivation to learn, have a multiplicity of interests, display independence and a positive stance towards learning, as well as an increased sense of responsibility towards the community. Research in neuroscience and developmental psychology confi rms the hypotheses laid down by Montessori pedagogy about the individual development plan as evolving through certain stages (sensitive periods, learning windows) and about the need to have a didactically formulated environment that will support individual development. Unlike the emancipatory pedagogy and socio-constructivism, Montessori has placed the requirement for freedom, autonomy and self-activity within the bounds of a developmental and moral freedom and clearly defi ned the conditions of the freedom and the assumptions of the child’s autonomy. Freedom interpreted as a development of competencies for action represents the aim, but also the journey a child goes through during the development period when it needs safety, protection, attention and support from the adults. The contemporariness of Montessori pedagogy is to be found in scientifically-based developmental psychology, in pedagogically formulated teaching and in the pedagogical ethos of the teacher. / In den letzten Jahrzehnten wächst die Zahl von Wissenschaft lern und pädagogischen Praktikern, die sich mit der Montessori-Pädagogik beschäft igen, ihre Th esen in der Praxis überprüfen und die Meinung vertreten, dass es um eine moderne, zeitgemäße Pädagogik handelt, die auf Entwicklungsbedürfnisse der heutigen Kinder und Jugendlichen antwortet. Zahlreiche Untersuchungen bestätigen, dass die Kinder aus den Montessori-Schulen im Vergleich mit den Kindern aus den Standardschulen eine höhere Lernmotivation, vielfältigere Interessen, Selbständigkeit und positives Verhältnis zum Lernen sowie eine größere Verantwortung gegenüber der Gemeinschaft besitzen. Die im Rahmen von Neurowissenschaft en und Entwicklungspsychologie unternommenen Untersuchungen bestätigen die Hypothesen der Montessori-Pädagogik über den individuellen Entwicklungsplan, der bestimmte Stufen durchläuft (sensible Etappen, Lernfenster) sowie die Notwendigkeit einer didaktisch gestalteten Umwelt als individueller Entwicklungshilfe. Die Forderung nach der Freiheit, Selbständigkeit und Selbstaktivität stellte Montessori, im Unterschied zu emanzipatorischer Pädagogik und sozialem Konstruktivismus in den Rahmen der moralischen und Entwicklungsfreiheit und defi nierte klar die Voraussetzungen für die Freiheit und Selbständigkeit des Kindes. Die Freiheit, begriff en als Aufb au von Handlungskompetenzen, stellt das Ziel, aber auch den Weg dar, den das Kind in seiner Entwicklung zurücklegt und auf dem es Sicherheit, Geborgenheit, Hilfe und Aufsicht durch Erwachsene benötigt. Die Modernität der Montessori-Pädagogik ist in der wissenschaft lich begründeten Entwicklungspsychologie, in den pädagogisch aufb ereiteten Lernangeboten und dem pädagogischen Ethos der Erzieher zu suchen.]

Language: Croatian

ISSN: 1334-7888

Language: Swedish

ISSN: 1103-8101

Abstract/Notes: Reformpädagogik gilt bis heute als »magische Größe«. Ihre Anhänger verzaubert sie mit der eingängigen Formel: Nicht nur »naturgemäß« soll Erziehung sein, sondern auch wertschätzend, praxisnah und individuell. So verspricht sie Heilung (von falscher Pädagogik) und argumentiert scheinheilig: Sowohl »begradigen« als auch »überwinden« sind unverzichtbare Bestandteile ihres Kanons pädagogischer Leitbegriffe. Die Kindheitskonzepte von Maria Montessori und Ellen Key werden besonders dafür geschätzt, dass sie das »Leben« feiern. Dabei argumentieren sie mitunter allerdings wenig lebensbejahend. Besonders augenfällig ist, dass sie vor allem gesunde, normale und folgsame Kinder besonders wertschätzen. Der ideale Nachwuchs soll sowohl folgsam als auch unauffällig sein: Nicht jedes Kind ist aus sich heraus wertvoll. Daher appellieren sie an künftige Eltern, möglichst nur den richtigen Erbanlagen ins Leben zu verhelfen (was nicht zwangsläufig die eigenen sind). Überhaupt haben beide sehr konkrete Vorstellungen davon, wie Kinder sein müssen... und was passieren könnte, wenn sie nicht sind, wie sie sein sollen. [Reform pedagogy is still considered a »magic factor« today. She enchants her followers with the catchy formula: Education should not only be »natural«, but also appreciative, practical and individual. So she promises healing (from false pedagogy) and hypocritically argues: Both "straighten" and "overcome" are indispensable components of her canon of pedagogical guiding principles. Maria Montessori and Ellen Key's concepts of childhood are particularly valued for their celebration of "life." Sometimes, however, their arguments are not very life-affirming. What is particularly striking is that they particularly appreciate healthy, normal and obedient children. The ideal offspring should be both obedient and inconspicuous: not every child is valuable in and of itself. They therefore appeal to future parents to only help the right hereditary factors into life (which are not necessarily their own). In general, both have very specific ideas about how children should be... and what could happen if they aren't how they should be.]

Language: German

Published: Paderborn, Germany: Ferdinand Schöningh, 2013

ISBN: 978-3-657-77324-4 3-657-77324-X 978-3-506-77324-1

Language: Polish

ISSN: 1896-2327, 2353-7787

Abstract/Notes: Yüzyılı aşkın süredir dünyanın birçok ülkesinde uygulanmakta olan Montessori yöntemi çocukların gelişim ve öğrenmesinin erken yıllardan itibaren özel hazırlanmış bir ortam ve çocuk merkezli yaklaşımlar ile desteklenmesini, çocuğun bağımsız birey olmasını hedefleyen bir eğitim yaklaşımıdır. Bu araştırmada eğitim ve nörobilim ilişkisinden yola çıkılarak, Montessori eğitim yönteminde yer alan temel özelliklerin nörobilimsel bakış açısı ile açıklanması, Montessori ve nörobilimin ilişkilendirildiği araştırmaların incelenerek disiplinler arası bir bakış açısı ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, derleme türünde planlanmış nitel bir araştırmadır. Verilerin toplanmasında doküman analizi tekniği kullanılarak iki tarama aşaması ile dokümanlara ulaşılmıştır. İlk taramada Montessori yöntemi ile nörobilimsel çalışmaların ilişkilendirildiği çalışmalar incelenerek Montessori yönteminin "Hassas Dönemler", "Yapılandırılmış Ortam", "Duyu Eğitimi", "Tekrarla Kendiliğinden Öğrenme", "Dil-Beyin" ve "Hareket-Beyin" gibi özelliklerinin nörobilim ile ilişkilendirildiği tespit edilmiştir. İkinci taramada ise Montessori ve nörobilim çalışmalarında bu özelliklerin nasıl açıklandığı incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, Montessori’nin çocuk gelişimi ve öğrenmesine ilişkin oluşturduğu özelliklerin yıllar sonra nörobilim alanında yapılan araştırma bulguları ile de desteklendiğini göstermiştir. / The Montessori method, which has been applied in many countries of the world for more than a century, is an educational approach that aims to support the development and learning of children from early years with a specially prepared environment and child-centered approaches, and that the child becomes an independent individual. In this study, based on the relationship between education and neuroscience, it is aimed to explain the basic features of the Montessori education method with a neuroscientific perspective, and to reveal an interdisciplinary perspective by examining the studies that associate Montessori and neuroscience. This research is a qualitative research planned in the type of review. The documents were reached in two scanning stages by using the document analyses technique in the collection of data. In the first screening, the studies that associate the Montessori method with neuroscientific studies were examined, and it was determined that the characteristics of the Montessori method such as "Sensitive Periods", "Structured Environment", "Sensory Education", "Repeat Self-Learning", "Language-Brain" and "Movement-Brain" were associated with neuroscience. In the second screening, how these features were explained in Montessori and neuroscience studies was examined. Research findings have shown that the characteristics of Montessori regarding child development and learning are supported by the research findings in the field of neuroscience after years.

Language: Turkish

DOI: 10.17152/gefad.880933

ISSN: 1301-9058

Language: German

Language: German

ISSN: 0944-2537

Language: Italian