Abstract/Notes: Attraverso l’utilizzo di un’ampia documentazione, basata su fonti bibliografiche e archivistiche, nel presente saggio è stato individuato un filo conduttore tra due personalità femminili, tra loro molto diverse, anche dal punto di vista generazionale: Maria Montessori e Margherita Zoebeli. Le loro iniziative in campo educativo, rispettivamente durante la prima e la seconda guerra mondiale, si svilupparono a partire dai bisogni di un’infanzia segnata tragicamente dagli eventi bellici. Proprio nelle loro esperienze è possibile individuare il fulcro vitale e propulsivo di quella che oggi viene definita “pedagogia dell’emergenza”. / In this essay, through the use of an extensive documentation, based on bibliographical and archival sources, a red thread has been identified between two female personalities, who are very different from each other, not only from a generational point of view: Maria Montessori e Margherita Zoebeli. Their initiatives in the educational field, respectively during the first and the second world war, developed starting from the needs of a childhood tragically marked by the war. In their experiences it is possible to find the cornerstone of what we can define today as “Emergency Pedagogy”.

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.15160/2038-1034/1348

ISSN: 2038-1034

Language: Italian

Language: Catalan

ISSN: 2014-6965

Abstract/Notes: Tulisan ini berusaha menjelaskan pendidikan Islam dari sudut pandang Maria Montessori, yang merupakan tokoh pendidikan anak yang mencurahkan hampir keseluruhan hidupnya untuk anak-anak. Maria Montessori memiliki prinsip dasar mengenai metode montessori ini, yang sangat memfokuskan anak sebagai childern center dan orang dewasa sebagai pembimbing. Menurutnya, suatu fase kehidupan di awal sangat berpengaruh terhadap faserase kehidupan selanjutnya artinya bahwa pengalaman-pengalaman yang dialami oleh seorang anak di awal kehidupannya sangat berpengaruh terhadap kedewasaannya kelak begitu juga perlakuan yang di dapatkan anak sejak kecil akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap perkembang an anak selanjutnya. Kemudiaan sebagai umat Islam, sudah menjadi kewajiban bagi orang tua dan pendidik untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai ke-Islaman pada anak-anaknya. Dan agar nilai-nilai ke-Islaman tersebut dapat terserap dengan sempurna, maka harus diajarkan sejak anak-anak usia dini juga. Rasulullah telah menegaskan tentang tanggung jawab orang tua terhadap anak-anak dalam sabdanya. [This paper tries to explain Islamic education from the perspective of Maria Montessori, who is a figure of children's education who devotes almost her entire life to children. Maria Montessori has a basic principle regarding this Montessori Method, which is very focused on children as children centers and adults as guides. According to him, a phase of life at the beginning is very influential on the phases of the next life which means that the experiences experienced by a child early in life are very influential on their maturity as well as the treatment that children get from childhood will greatly affect the subsequent development of children. Youth as Muslims, it has become an obligation for parents and educators to instill Islamic values in their children. And so that these Islamic values can be absorbed perfectly, it must be taught from an early age as well. Rasulullah has emphasized the responsibility of parents towards children in their sayings.]

Language: Indonesian

ISSN: 2549-3329

Language: German

ISSN: 0948-5503

Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori’s work spread throughout the world in a vast number of countries. In Greece, it was first implemented by a pioneer of Montessori education there, Maria Goudeli (formerly, Maria Edelstein) in the 1930’s. The present study aims to unfold the history of Edelstain-Goudeli, while examining the social, political, historical and cultural environment of the time. It is important for the global pedagogical community to investigate how any “alternative” education system is established in a country without any prior experience, especially since to date, the Greek education system has been highly centralised in terms of organisation and administration. Edelstain-Goudeli had to overcome the dominant intellectual traditions, and political and educational institutions in Greece, in order to infuse the Montessori education system into Greek society. The process is situated within the framework of “reception theory” for a scientific theory within a “scientifically peripheral” country. The study also attempts to reveal Edelstain-Goudeli’s personality, as well as identify stimuli and motivations underlying her efforts and decisions. / L’obra de Maria Montessori es va estendre arreu del món en un gran nombre de països. A Grècia, es va aplicar per primera vegada a la dècada de 1930 per Maria Goudeli (primer, Maria Edelstein), una pionera de l’educació Montessori a Grècia. El present estudi pretén descriure la història d’Edelstain-Goudeli, dins de l’entorn social, polític, històric i cultural de l’època. És important que la comunitat pedagògica d’arreu del món investigui i conegui com s’estableix qualsevol sistema educatiu “alternatiu” en un país sense experiència prèvia, sobretot perquè fins avui el sistema educatiu grec ha estat molt centralitzat, tant en l’organització com en l’administració. Edelstain-Goudeli va haver de superar les tradicions intel·lectuals dominants i les institucions polítiques i educatives de Grècia, per tal de traslladar a la societat grega el sistema educatiu Montessori. El procés que hem seguit se situa en el marc de la “teoria de la recepció” d’una teoria científica en un país de l’anomenada “perifèria científica”. L’estudi també intenta revelar la personalitat d’Edelstain-Goudeli i identificar estímuls i motivacions darrere dels seus esforços i decisions. / El trabajo de María Montessori se extendió por todo el mundo en una gran cantidad de países. En Grecia, fue aplicado por primera vez en la década de 1930 por María Goudeli (antes, María Edelstein), pionera de la educación Montessori en Grecia. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo explicar la historia de Edelstain-Goudeli, dentro del contexto social, político, histórico y cultural de la época. Es importante que la comunidad pedagógica de todo el mundo investigue y conozca cómo se establece cualquier sistema educativo «alternativo» en un país sin experiencia previa, especialmente porque hasta el día de hoy, el sistema educativo griego ha estado muy centralizado, en términos de organización y administración. Edelstain-Goudeli tuvo que superar las tradiciones intelectuales dominantes y las instituciones políticas y educativas de Grecia, para transfundir a la sociedad griega el sistema educativo Montessori. El proceso se sitúa en el marco de la “teoría de recepción” de una teoría científica en un país de la llamada “periferia científica”. El estudio también intenta desvelar la personalidad de Edelstain-Goudeli e identificar estímulos y motivaciones detrás de sus esfuerzos y decisiones.

Language: English

DOI: 10.2436/e&h.v0i40.150353

ISSN: 2013-9632, 1134-0258

Abstract/Notes: İtalyan eğitimci ve tıp doktoru Maria Montessori'nin 'çocuğun doğası ve eğitimi' hakkındaki düşüncelerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada onun ortaya koyduğu metot, eğitimin çeşitli unsurları açısından ele alınıp incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada, Montessori'nin eğitim alanında metot geliştirmesine neden olan düşünceleriyle metot hakkında ileri sürülen bilgiler bir bütünlük içinde sentez edilmiştir. Bu nedenle çalışma, hem kuram hem de uygulamalara ilişkin bilgilerden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmadaki kuramsal bilgilerin büyük bir bölümü Montessori'nin çocuk hakkındaki düşüncelerinden oluşmaktadır. Onun bu düşünceleri bilimsel bulgulara dayanmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmada, araştırmalar sonucu elde edilen bilimsel bulgulara da yer verilmiştir. Çalışmadaki uygulamaya yönelik bilgilerin büyük bir bölümü ise Montessori'nin kendi eserlerinden elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bu bölümü ağırlıklı olarak metodun temel unsurlarını oluşturan eğitim materyallerine ilişkin bilgilerden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın son bölümünde Montessori kurumlarının genel hatlarıyla tanıtıldığı bir bölüme de yer verilmiştir. 'Montessori Kurumları ve Türkiye'deki Durum' başlığı altındaki bu bölümde dünyanın çeşitli ülkelerinde hizmet veren Montessori dernekleri ve okullarına yer verilmiştir. Bu bölüm, Montessori Metodu'nun aradan yüzyıl geçmesine rağmen dünyanın en yaygın eğitim metodu olarak uygulanmaya devam ettiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca bu bölümde Montessori sistemi ile Türkiye'nin okul öncesi eğitim sistemi, amaçlar, eğitim ortamı ve öğretmene verilen rol bakımından birbiriyle karşılaştırılarak incelenmiştir. / In the study which is performed in order to examine the thoughts of Maria Montessori who is an Italian educationist and medical doctor, about the nature and education of the child; the method which is introduced by her is considered and examined through the different facts of education. According to this objective, the ideas of Montessori which has contributed to develop a method and the claimed information about the method are combined collectively. Therefore this study consists of both theories and the information about practices. Most of the theoretical information in the study includes mostly the thoughts of Montessori about childhood. Her thoughts depend on the scientific findings. Therefore some scientific findings which are produced as results of researches are included in this study. Most of the information about the implementation in the study is received from the Montessori's her own works. This part of the study is mainly consists of the information related to educational materials that consist of the main factors of the method. At the last part of this study, introduces Montessori's institutions with general view. Under title of 'Montessori Institutions and Situation in Turkey' it is talked about the Montessori Associations and school around the world. This part shows that even if a hundred years passed after the first implementations the Montessori Method, it is still the most widely used educational method. Furthermore, in this part of study, Montessori system and pre-school education system in Turkey are compared, by means of their aims, educational environment and the appointed role of the teacher while relating each case with other.

Language: Turkish

Published: Ankara, Turkey, 2010

Language: Norwegian

ISSN: 0042-2029

Language: Spanish

ISSN: 0304-310X, 1564-0590

Abstract/Notes: This article aims to reconstruct the role played by the Società Umanitaria (Humanitarian Society), based in Milan, for the widespread of the Montessori’s Method. The studied period spans from 1908, which is the year of the initial mediation of the Women’s Union’s members for the creation of the first Children’s Houses in the Humanitarian Society’s district, until 1923, which is the year of Augusto Osimo’s death, the general secretary of this institution. In particular, through the analysis of Maria Montessori and Augusto Osimo’s letters exchange, the complex plot of their fruitful collaboration will be highlighted, which was carried out through the organization of Montessori training courses by the Humanitarian Society. Their cooperation was further reinvigorated by a common cause, which was the intervention in favor of children victims of the war, up till the project of a Montessori law secondary school for young adolescents. This last project was never realized because of Osimo’s severe illness occurred in 1920.

Language: Italian

ISSN: 1723-9672, 2612-6559