Language: English

ISSN: 0959-4108

Abstract/Notes: The purpose of this study was to figure out the degree of children` perception of time by observing and analyzing how they use and perceive the term of time, time order and sequence. The subjects of this study were 4-year-old children at a day care center at Sung Nam City and they were observed when they played with and interacted together in their free play time. Also, the young children were interviewed with the 11 set questionnaires which is based on the study developed by Seefeldt(2005) and Melendez, Beck, & Fletcher.(2000), and the contents were analysed. The results of the study were that 4-year-old children could use and perception the term time. In addition, they could perceive time order like past-presence-future and the fact that our routine would be circulated and sequenced. / 본 연구는 4세 유아들의 시간 이해 정도를 알아보고자하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 유아들의 시간에 관한 용어의 사용을 통한 시간 이해를 분석하고 시간의 순서, 연속에 대해 관찰 분석하였다. 이를 위해 경기도 성남시의 어린이집에 다니는 4세 유아들의 자유놀이 시간 그들의 상호작용을 관찰하였으며, Seefeldt(2005), Melendez, Beck, & Fletcher(2000)의 연구에 기초하여 본연구자가 설정한 11가지 질문 내용을 중심으로 유아들을 면접하여 그 내용을 분석하였다. 그 결과 4세 유아들은 시간에 관한 용어를 사용하고 있었으며, 그 용어에 대한 이해를 하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 유아들은 일시적으로 일어나는 과거 현재 미래에 대한 사건의 순서를 판단하고 있었으며, 매일의 사건이 순환하며 연속된다는 사실을 알고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9417

Abstract/Notes: This study aims to investigate the relationship between parental attitude and children's playfulness and to highlight the importance of it. The subjects of this study are 147 children aged 4 and 5, their father or mother, and their teachers from educational institutions located in Daejeon. The questionnaire for parental attitude is Schaefer's "Maternal Behavior Research Instrument", translated by Wonyoung Lee (1983). For children's playfulness, Children's Playfulness Scale(CPS) is used, which was invented with the concept of playfulness defined by Barnett (1991) & Lieberman (1977). The research results are as followings: First, there is significant differences of parental attitude between fathers and mothers in all the categories of parental attitudes: loving, refusing, autonomous, and controlling attitudes. Second, there is significant difference of parental attitude by children's gender, in particular in the refusing attitude, while there is not any significant difference of parental attitude by children's age. However, in the loving attitude, 4-aged group gained significantly higher marks than 5-year group. Third, there is significant difference of children's playfulness by children's gender and age. Particularly in physical playfulness as one of sub-category of children's playfulness, boys show better physical spontaneity than girls significantly. There is significant difference of children's playfulness by children's age. For cognitive spontaneity as one of sub-category of children's playfulness, 5 aged children show higher marks than 4 aged children while 4 aged children show statistically higher marks in happiness expression than 5 aged children. Fourth, there is significantly positive relationship between father's loving attitude and children's social spontaneity. As father's controlling attitude is higher, physical, social, and cognitive spontaneity of children is higher. There is significantly positive relationship between mother's controlling attitude and children's physical spontaneity while there is negative relationship between mother's refusing attitude and children's cognitive spontaneity. However, overall there is not significant relationship between father and mother's parenting attitude and children's playfulness. / 본 연구에서는 만 4, 5세 유아의 아버지와 어머니의 양육태도가 연령과 성별에 따라 어떻게 다른지, 또한 부모의 양육태도와 유아의 놀이성과의 관계는 어떠한지에 대해 알아보았다. 연구의 대상은 교육 및 보육기관에 재원중인 만 4, 5세 유아 147명과 그들의 부모인 아버지 147명과 어머니 147명 총 441명이다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 아버지와 어머니의 양육태도는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유아의 성별에 따른 아버지와 어머니의 양육태도는 아버지와 어머니 둘 다 거부적 태도에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 유아의 연령에 따른 아버지와 어머니의 양육태도는 차이가 없었다. 셋째, 유아의 성별과 연령에 따라 유아의 놀이성은 차이가 있었다. 넷째, 아버지의 애정적 태도가 높을수록 유아의 사회적 자발성이 높게 나타났다. 그리고 아버지의 통제적 태도가 높을수록 신체적 자발성, 사회적 자발성, 인지적 자발성이 높게 나타났다. 다섯째, 어머니의 통제적 태도가 높을수록 유아의 신체적 자발성이 높으며, 어머니의 거부적 태도가 높을수록 인지적 자발성이 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9417

Language: English

Language: English

DOI: 10.1086/461096

ISSN: 0013-5984

Abstract/Notes: Although children’s books often include fantasy, research suggests that children do not learn as well from fantastical stories as from realistic ones. The current studies investigated whether the type of fantasy matters, in effect testing two possible mechanisms for fantasy’s interference. Across two studies, 110 5-year-olds were read different types of fantastical stories containing a problem and then were asked to solve an analogous problem in a real lab setting. Children who were read a minimally fantastical version of the story, in which the story occurred on another planet “that looked just like Earth,” were no more likely to transfer the solution than children who heard a story that was slightly more fantastical in that the story occurred on another planet and that planet looked different from Earth (e.g., orange grass, a green sky). In contrast, significantly higher rates of learning were observed when the story contained those elements and two physically impossible events (e.g., walking through walls). Furthermore, this improvement was obtained only when the impossible events preceded, and not when they followed, the educational content. Although fantasy may sometimes detract from learning (as other research has shown), these new studies suggest that minimal fantasy does not and that particular types of fantasy may even increase learning. We propose that the mechanism for this may be that a small dose of impossible events induces deeper processing of the subsequent events in the story.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2021.105212

ISSN: 0022-0965

Language: English

ISSN: 0010-700X

Abstract/Notes: Based on a survey of the present status of furnishing teaching materials and implements for children`s class in child care center for which no criteria has even been provided, this study seeks to explore the problems of preparing teaching materials and implements. Also, as a way of solving such problems, this study will reveal the need for recommending criteria for furnishing teaching materials and implements and will clarify the criteria for providing teaching materials and implements for children`s class at child care center. The research issues that have been formulated to achieve the objectives of this study are as follows. 1) What is the present status of furnishing teaching materials and implements for child care center? 2) How can one recommend the criteria for furnishing the teaching materials and implements required by child care center? This study has classified the child care center in Daejeon and parts of the Chungcheongnamdo region according to location, number of classes, presence or absence of evaluation certification, facility type, etc. and conducted a questionnaire survey by visiting the centers or via mail. The collected questionnaires were processed using the SPSS program. A frequency analysis was made in order to discover the general characteristics of the respondents and facilities. Also, to discover the status of furnishing teaching materials and implements at child care center according to the characteristics of facility, a crosstabulation analysis was conducted using χ2 statistic. If the results of analysis of this study are summarized, they are as follows. First, as a result of studying and analyzing the relationship between the status of furnishing teaching materials and implements for child care center and the evaluation certification, it was found that child care center that have either passed the evaluation certification or are preparing for it show better provision of such materials and implements than child care center which have done neither. Second, in terms of the question about the need for criteria for furnishing teaching materials and implements for child care center, the results show that 91.7% of respondents saw the need for such criteria. Third, when looking at the results of surveying the status of furnishing teaching materials and implements, the teaching materials for which over 60% of the teaching material items were answered as being adequately furnished made up 69.97% with 25 of a total of 41 items. There were also no teaching tool items that showed a 100% rate of provision. Moreover, there was not a single facility where all teaching implements were adequately furnished 100%, and farming villages and places that are planning to prepare for evaluation certification tended not to be furnished. When looking at the above research results, furnishing of teaching materials and implements at child care center examined here was inadequate. However, among them, the rate of furnishing was high for places that have either passed the evaluation certification or are preparing for it. One also finds that the rate of furnishing at facilities planning to make such a preparation or located in farming villages are low. Further, in terms of the need for criteria for furnishing of teaching materials and implements for child care center, one was able to see an urgency of preparing such criteria as 91.7% of respondents answered that they were necessary. Therefore, this study has recommend a set of criteria for furnishing teaching materials and implements for child care center used in the questionnaire by revising the criteria for kindergarten teaching implements as announced by each education office of cities and provinces to correspond to the needs of child care center. This study prepared and recommend criteria for furnishing of materials and implements by making a classification of 12 areas of interest including building, role, language, operation, art, math, cooking, science, tone and rhythm, sand, computer, and physical activity and of 41 teaching tool items as well as determining the requirement according to the requirement criteria for 1 class. Also, because a child care center has not only classes for children over the age of 3 but also classes for children under the age of 2, there is a need for a research on teaching materials and implements for the latter classes. For qualitative progress of daycare, research on teaching materials and implements for child care center should be conducted at the national level as a matter of urgency based on this study. / 본 연구는 그동안 교재·교구 기준조차 없는 보육시설 유아반의 교재·교구 비치 실태 조사를 통하여 교재·교구 비치의 문제점을 알아보고 그 해결방안으로 교재·교구 비치 기준 제시의 필요성을 밝히고 보육시설 유아반의 교재·교구 비치 기준을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구대상은 대전광역시과 충청남도의 전체 보육시설 1,134개소 중 10%에 해당하는 114개소를 연구대상으로 하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 설문지는 SPSS 프로그램을 이용하여 처리하였다. 응답자 및 시설의 일반적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 빈도분석을 실시하였으며, 시설의 특성에 따른 보육시설의 교재·교구의 비치실태를 알아보기 위하여 χ2통계량을 이용한 교차분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 보육시설의 교재·교구 비치 현황은 대다수의 시설이 교재·교구 종목의 비치가 미비하였다. 그러나 그 중에서 평가인증을 통과한 시설의 경우 다른 시설에 비해 교재·교구의 비치가 잘 되어 있는 결과를 알 수 있었으며, 보육시설의 교재·교구 기준안이 필요하다는 의견은 91.7%로 나타났다. 이로써 보육의 질적 발전을 위해서 보육시설에도 교재·교구 비치 기준안이 필요하며 이에 대한 연구가 조속히 이루어져야 되고, 참고대상 조차 없는 영아반의 교재·교구에 대한 연구도 반드시 이루어져야 됨을 알 수 있었다.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9417

Language: English

ISSN: 0277-9064

Abstract/Notes: This article aims to compare Montessori’s perspective of the classroom as community of self-regulated learners to the current research on classroom management, highlighting the importance of the teacher’ attitude in promoting an inclusive and cooperative school setting. The methodology used is a semi-structured interview administered to a Montessori teacher who works in an Apulian Children’s house. The data were collected in order to capture the teacher’s opinion about the topicality of Montessori’s idea of discipline and classroom management in early childhood education.

Language: English

DOI: 10.6092/issn.1970-2221/12187

ISSN: 1970-2221