Language: English

ISSN: 1522-9734

Abstract/Notes: Reading disorder, most commonly known as dyslexia, is a learning disability that seems to affect an increasing number of children. Numerous researches have been done on the subject over the last hundred years, all of them producing different and sometimes contradictory theories about its causes and possible therapies. In this thesis a general overview of such researches, of various etiological hypothesis and of the most commonly accepted treatments and therapies is presented. The Montessori pedagogical method is then introduced describing its main guidelines and presenting Maria Montessori’s reading and writing teaching approach supported by her own experiences. The aim of the thesis is to show how this highly enlightening pedagogical method can provide both a valid alternative to the standard procedure of reading and writing teaching and a valid dyslexia treatment method. This latter supposition is based on the fact that Montessori’s approach is a multisensory one, just like some of the most successful dyslexia therapies and treatments. Further empirical research on the matter is required.

Language: English

Published: Venice, Italy, 2012

Abstract/Notes: This multimethod study involved quantitative procedures to measure to what extent a tactual/kinesthetic art approach using clay would help low achieving or developmentally delayed kindergarten students learn the alphabet (a pre-reading skill). Data collected at each session ranged from twenty to twenty-five meetings per child over a period of ten weeks occurred within a single subject, multiple baseline design. Qualitative data collection and analysis revealed differences in participants' reactions to, preferences for, and processes with clay such as expressing their lives, dreams, stories, beliefs, and fears. Analysis of social interactions, student self-initiated practices, and variations of the interventions (i.e., clay play personifying letters, ABC book, songs, associations, images on cards, and artworks) suggested that gender differences occurred more strongly when clothing differentiated gender, and in the types of stories told, but not in the clay processes initiated. I began the study with 18 participants, selected by their teachers, using the criterion that the student could not identify more than 17 alphabet letters. The findings are based on the 10 remaining students who were not able to name more than 17 letters after five baseline sessions. The baseline sessions consisted of recording students' recognition of lower-case alphabet letters. If a child did not recognize a letter, I implemented the tactual/kinesthetic clay instruction, a multiple intelligences pedagogical approach influenced by Montessori methods. The intervention of forming with clay was implemented at staggered times across groups of letters (three letters at a time) for each participant. The participant's recognition of the distinctive features of a letter demonstrated progress in learning a new letter. An intervention of a tactual/kinesthetic art approach using clay did improve all of the participant's abilities to recognize, learn, and remember letters. The findings support the theory that kinesthetic/tactile perception is a primary channel for early learning. In spite of the apparent importance of kinesthetic methods, multisensory learning, and manipulative materials, few programs that incorporate kinesthetic/tactile pedagogy. Interdisciplinary arts-based teaching addresses the multiple intelligences of individual children and their different learning styles.

Language: English

Published: Lubbock, Texas, 2002

Abstract/Notes: The main purpose of this study was to examine whether the age at which children start to learn to read affects their later progress. The study was conducted in Zürich, Switzerland, and compared a first grade class in a local school with two first grade classes in a Montessori school. It was found that although the Montessori children had an advantage over the local children in alphabet knowledge at entry to Grade 1, this was not translated into a significant advantage at the end of Grade 1 in either phonemic awareness or reading ability. Further analysis revealed that pretest alphabet knowledge for the whole group was significantly related to progress. In addition, scatterplots showed that some children started school with high levels of alphabet knowledge but did not make progress, indicating that alphabet knowledge is necessary for literacy progress but not sufficient.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/19404158.2017.1399913

ISSN: 1940-4158, 1940-4166

Language: English

ISSN: 1054-0040

Language: English

Language: English

ISSN: 1071-6246

Abstract/Notes: Part 1 of 2; includes sidebars on history of the English language and the three-period lesson.

Language: English

ISSN: 1354-1498

Abstract/Notes: Abstract: The purpose of this study was to learn the ability to read the first grade SDN 57 Bulu-bulu in marusu district maros regency Using the montessori method to help alphabet media and to learn of the significant effects of using the montessori method to help the alphabet to improve literacy skills of the first class I SDN 57 Bulu-bulu Marusu district maros. The type of research used is quasi-research With a design of the design non test control group. The method used was experimental. Research shows that students study results are being observed Of the mean posttest class experiments of 80.60%, whereas of the mean posttest control class of 72.20%. Control class gain index by 0.51. Test t shows value t (3.394)> tables (2.001) and sig value (2-tailed) 0.05 is 0.001 which means the Montessori method Partially covered in alphabet media Significantly the results of learning to read First class I SDN 57 Bulu-bulu in marusu district maros regency 2020/2021. Abstrak: Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I SDN 57 Bulu-bulu di Kecamatan Marusu Kabupaten Maros dengan metode Montessori berbantuan media Movable Alphabet dan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh signifikan penggunaan metode Montessori berbantuan media Movable Alphabet dalam meningkatkan keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I SDN 57 Bulu-bulu Kecamatan Marusu Kabupaten Maros. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi-Experimental Research dengan desain Non Equivalent Kontrol Group Design. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa di lihat dari nilai mean posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 80,60%, sedangkan mean posttest kelas control sebesar 72,20%. Indeks gain <g>kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,63 sedangkan <g> kelas control sebesar 0,51. Hasil uji t menunjukkan nilai thitung (3,394) > tabel (2,001) dan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05 yaitu 0,001 yang artinya metode Montessori berbantuan media Movable Alphabet secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar membaca permulaan siswa kelas I SDN 57 Bulu-Bulu di Kecamatan Marusu Kabupaten Maros tahun ajaran 2020/2021.

Language: English

DOI: 10.51276/edu.v2i1.104

ISSN: 2722-7790

Abstract/Notes: Understanding young children’s spelling abilities may provide unique insight into their overall linguistic development as well as assist in identifying children at risk for reading difficulties in ways that typical reading assessments cannot (Chua, Rickard Liow, & Yeong, 2016; Clemens, Oslund, Simmons, & Simmons, 2014; Hofslundsengen, Hagtvet, & Gustafsson, 2016; McBride-Chang, 1998; Ouellette & Sénéchal, 2017). Yet, spelling assessments are not commonly conducted before Kindergarten (age 5) and no normed instrument exists for 3- to 4-year-olds. When spelling assessments designed for 5-year-olds are administered to younger children, young children get lower scores (Clemens, et al., 2014; Puranik & Apel, 2010). These lower scores may reflect their less developed spelling ability (typical development) but they may also be influenced by aspects of development unrelated to spelling: lack of motor ability to write letters, working memory limitations, poor word choice of items to be spelled, and/or insensitive scoring systems (Apel, Wolter, & Masterson, 2006; Clemens, et al., 2014; Diamond, 2013; Puranik & Apel, 2010). These latter possibilities raise the question of what would happen if we controlled these factors. Would a preschool spelling assessment that did not require handwriting and that minimized working memory demands result in higher spelling scores than a handwritten assessment? Specifically, is a movable alphabet spelling assessment a more reliable, valid, and sensitive way of measuring spelling abilities in children younger than 5 than is a handwritten assessment? The present study employed a within-subjects quasi-experimental design in which the spelling of 3- to 4-year-old children was assessed using a movable alphabet and handwriting. Results indicated that (1) preschoolers scored higher on a movable alphabet spelling assessment than on a handwritten assessment, (2) word choice did influence results, (3) movable alphabet spelling scores were a significantly stronger predictor of phonemic awareness and letter knowledge scores than handwritten spelling scores, (4) children were more willing to attempt to spell words with the movable alphabet than with handwriting, and (5) assessment scores were not closely tied to age or measures of behavior. To date, few if any other studies have specifically evaluated the influence of different tools on capturing the spelling abilities of preschoolers. This study expands current knowledge about the influence of motor and working memory scaffolds on the word-building capacities of 3- to 4-year-olds.

Language: English

Published: Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2017