Language: German

Published: Bern, Switzerland: Haupt Verlag, 2007

Edition: 1st edition

ISBN: 978-3-258-07092-6

Language: Hungarian

Published: Budapest, Hungary, 2006

Language: Japanese

ISSN: 0913-4220

Language: German

ISSN: 0952-8652

Abstract/Notes: In this article I focus on the impact of the Maria Montessori’s pedagogical method during the years of her work in South Asia (1939-1946; 1947-1949). The genesis of this research started in the late 1980s during the years of my fieldwork in Madras (today Chennai), when I was amazed to find a large number of “Montessori” schools in that city. Certainly, they were many more than in Italy, and in Rome itself, where Maria Montessori founded the first “House of Children” on the 6th January 1907. Thus, out of mere curiosity I started to enquire about the reasons of such “implantation”. Soon I came to know that Maria Montessori (1870-1952) and her son, Mario Montesano Montessori (1898-1982), from 1939 till 1949, spent almost ten years in India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. In all those countries they collaborated and interacted with local pedagogists, by also training hundreds of children and more than thousand students and teachers to the homonimous “Montessori” pedagogical method. India, after Italy, was also the country where Maria Montessori spent the longest period of her life. After relating to the major events of her personal life as well as her scientific and social engagements as psychiatrist, pedagogist, outspoken feminist and antifascist, I deal here with the adoption and adaptation of her pedagogical method in South Asia. Finally, I tackle the influence of the local educational systems and cultural practices on Maria Montessori herself and on her own method’s further development. Due to such a synergic encouter and interaction, today India is one of the most dynamic and prestigeous international centers for the “Montessori” pedagogical method teachers’ training.,Dans cet article, j’étudie en particulier l’impact de la méthode pédagogique de Maria Montessori durant ses années en Asie du Sud (1939-1946, 1947-1949). La genèse de cette recherche a débuté à la fin des années 1980, quand j’ai été étonnée de trouver à Madras (Chennai) un si grand nombre d’écoles Montessori au cours de mon long terrain dans cette ville. Certes, elles étaient beaucoup plus nombreuses que celles présentes en Italie, et plus qu’à Rome même, où Maria Montessori fonda la première Maison des Enfants le 6 janvier 1907. Ainsi, par simple curiosité, je commençai à m’enquérir des raisons d’une telle « implantation ». Bientôt, j’ai réalisé que Maria Montessori (1870-1952) et son fils, Mario Montesano Montessori (1898-1982), avaient de 1939 à 1949, séjourné près de dix ans en Inde, au Pakistan et au Sri Lanka. Dans tous ces pays, ils ont collaboré et interagi avec les pédagogues locaux, en formant également des centaines d’enfants et plus de mille élèves et enseignants à la méthode pédagogique « Montessori ». L’Inde, après l’Italie, était aussi le pays où Maria Montessori a passé la plus longue période de sa vie. Après avoir évoqué les grands événements de sa vie personnelle ainsi que ses engagements scientifiques et sociaux en tant que psychiatre, pédagogue, féministe et antifasciste, je traite ici de l’adoption et de l’adaptation de sa méthode pédagogique en Asie du Sud. Enfin, j’analyse l’influence des systèmes éducatifs locaux et des pratiques culturelles sur Maria Montessori elle-même et sur le développement ultérieur de sa propre méthode. Grâce à cette rencontre et à cette interaction synergiques, l’Inde est aujourd’hui l’un des centres internationaux les plus dynamiques et les plus prestigieux pratiquant la méthode pédagogique Montessori.

Language: French

Published: Paris, France: OpenEdition Books, 2018

ISBN: 978-2-7132-3154-4

Series: Purushartha

Abstract/Notes: Staying in upper elementary for 6th grade

Language: English

ISSN: 1071-6246

Language: German

ISSN: 0342-5517

Abstract/Notes: Der Forschungsstand zu Montessori-Schulen wurde gelegentlich so zusammengefasst, dass den Montessori-Schülern durch alle Schulstufen hindurch in den meisten Schulfächern ein Leistungsvorsprung attestiert wurde. Eine nähere Überprüfung ergibt, dass dies kaum evidenzbasiert ist, wurden doch in drei von sechs vorliegenden Studien keine wesentlichen bzw. keine konstanten Unterschiede zugunsten der Montessori-Schüler festgestellt, und auch in den anderen drei Studien konnten Leistungsvorteile für die Montessori-Schüler meist nur im mathematischen Bereich nachgewiesen werden. Dieser tendenzielle mathematische Vorteil wird oft mit dem Einsatz spezieller anschaulicher und sinnlich erfahrbarer Arbeitsmaterialien erklärt, die typischer Weise in der Montessori-Pädagogik Verwendung finden. Die Stärken der Montessori-Schulen scheinen aber insgesamt eher im Bereich des überfachlichen Lernens und der Gestaltung zufriedenstellender Lernsituationen zu liegen. Hier zeigen die Studien relativ übereinstimmend deutliche Vorteile zugunsten der Montessori-Schulen. [The state of research on Montessori schools has occasionally been summarized in such a way that Montessori students at all school levels were attested a performance advantage in most school subjects. A closer examination reveals that this is hardly evidence-based, as no significant or constant differences in favor of the Montessori students were found in three of the six available studies, and in the other three studies as well, performance advantages for the Montessori students could mostly only be proven in the mathematical field. This tendential mathematical advantage is often explained with the use of special, clear and sensual working materials that are typically used in Montessori pedagogy. Overall, however, the strengths of the Montessori schools seem to lie more in the area of ​​interdisciplinary learning and the design of satisfactory learning situations. Here, the studies show relatively consistent clear advantages in favor of the Montessori schools.]

Language: German

Published: Wiesbaden, Germany: Springer, 2018

ISBN: 978-3-658-07491-3

Language: German

Published: Münster, Germany: Lit, 2002

ISBN: 978-3-8258-5746-2

Series: Impulse der Reformpädagogik , 7

Abstract/Notes: Attraverso l’utilizzo di un’ampia documentazione, basata su fonti bibliografiche e archivistiche, nel presente saggio è stato individuato un filo conduttore tra due personalità femminili, tra loro molto diverse, anche dal punto di vista generazionale: Maria Montessori e Margherita Zoebeli. Le loro iniziative in campo educativo, rispettivamente durante la prima e la seconda guerra mondiale, si svilupparono a partire dai bisogni di un’infanzia segnata tragicamente dagli eventi bellici. Proprio nelle loro esperienze è possibile individuare il fulcro vitale e propulsivo di quella che oggi viene definita “pedagogia dell’emergenza”. / In this essay, through the use of an extensive documentation, based on bibliographical and archival sources, a red thread has been identified between two female personalities, who are very different from each other, not only from a generational point of view: Maria Montessori e Margherita Zoebeli. Their initiatives in the educational field, respectively during the first and the second world war, developed starting from the needs of a childhood tragically marked by the war. In their experiences it is possible to find the cornerstone of what we can define today as “Emergency Pedagogy”.

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.15160/2038-1034/1348

ISSN: 2038-1034