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442 results

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Toward a Theory of Combination Classes

Available from: Taylor and Francis Online

Publication: Educational Research and Evaluation, vol. 3, no. 4

Pages: 281-304

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Abstract/Notes: This rejoinder replies to Veenman's (1997) critique of our (Mason & Burns, 1997a) literature review conclusion that combination classes lead to at least small negative effects. Veenman argues that his reviews (1995, 1996) lead to a conclusion that combination classes are “simply no worse and simply no better” than single‐grade classes. In our response, we identify and discuss the major disagreements we have with Veenman's findings, assumptions, and explanations. Veenman's conclusion, we explain, is hampered by a narrow reading and interpretation of the literature that appears to focus (a) too heavily on faulting teachers for failing to capitalize on the “potential positive effects” of combination classes, and (b) too lightly on interview research, observational studies, and a theory that would explain how the no‐difference achievement effects occurred.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/1380361970030401

ISSN: 1380-3611, 1744-4187

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Developmental Theory and Teaching Methods: A Pilot Study of a Teacher Education Program

Available from: JSTOR

Publication: Elementary School Journal, vol. 93, no. 4

Pages: 417–441

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Language: English

DOI: 10.1086/461732

ISSN: 1554-8279, 0013-5984

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Maria Montessori's Moral-Sense Theory

Available from: JSTOR

Publication: History of Philosophy Quarterly, vol. 32, no. 3

Pages: 271-292

Maria Montessori - Philosophy

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Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori is not generally known as a philosopher. She is best known for the Montessori schools around the world that bear her name and for her (oft-misunderstood) pedagogical ideas about children's liberty. But after completing her medical degree and spending several years in professional medicine and psychiatry, including working with children, Montessori left most of her professional responsibilities to enroll in a PhD program in philosophy at the University of Rome, in order, as she put it, to "undertake the study of... the principles on which [pedagogy] is based" (MM, 33). There she studied under philosophers such as Giacomo Barzellotti (for history of philosophy), Pietro Ragnisco (moral philosophy), and one of the most important Italian philosophers of the early twentieth century, Antonio Labriola, not to mention philosophically inclined psychologists and anthropologists (Foschi 2012, Trabalzini 2003). At the same time, her personal interest in psychology intersected with Italian interest in American pragmatism (particularly William James), whose philosophical-psychological writings she cites throughout her works. Despite this philosophical background, Montessori's philosophical thought has not been taken seriously. At most, some have focused on her philosophy of education, and there has been some discussion of her feminism (Babini 2000; Babini and Lama 2000) and her place in the history of psychology (Babini 2000; Foschi 2012; Kramer 1976; Trabalzini 2003). Through providing an overview of her moral epistemology, the present essay aims to show that Montessori is a moral philosopher worth taking seriously.

Language: English

ISSN: 0740-0675

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

自由與紀律:Montessori的人格教育思想 / Freedom and Discipline: A Study on Montessori's Theory of Personality Education

Available from: Department of Education - National Taiwan Normal University

Publication: Jiao yu yan jiu ji kan / 教育研究集刊 / Bulletin of Educational Research, vol. 62, no. 1

Pages: 71-116

Autonomy in children, Maria Montessori - Philosophy, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., Personality development, Self-control in children

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Abstract/Notes: This study aims to analyze Maria Montessori’s theory of personality education. The author adopts interpretative methodology to focus on the following texts: The Absorbent Mind, The Secret of Childhood, The Discovery of the Child, and What You Should Know about Your Child. In this paper, the conclusion can be summarized into four points: First, personality is formed in the development of body and spirit, and the will is the key to integrate the whole system of personality. Second, the goal of personality education is to establish the discipline of life, and the method is to let children work spontaneously with the sense of duty in a free situation. Third, children must have the freedom to choose, then they can learn how to exercise their will to obey the inner discipline. Fourth,there are five examples provided for the implementation of personality education. / 本研究旨在分析Montessori(1870-1952)的人格教育思想,主要運用詮釋學的研究方法:一方面聚焦於《吸收性心智》(The Absorbent Mind)、《童年的秘密》(The Secret of Childhood)、《發現兒童》(The Discovery of Child)及《了解你的孩子》(What You Should Know about Your Child)等文本的理解,二方面來回於個人經驗與文本脈絡之間的對話與省思。結果發現,可歸納為以下四點:一、人格是精神生命肉身化的結果,人格統整的關鍵是意志發展。二、人格教育的目標在於建立紀律,人格教育的原則是給予自由,人格教育的方法是透過工作。三、人格教育的歷程始於兒童的自由選擇,繼之以專注地自發性工作,透過意志發展逐漸樂於服從,最後形成內在紀律,表現出寧靜的心境。四、人格教育的實施,關鍵時期為零至三歲,可以運用靜默遊戲、走線練習、穿脫衣服、準備茶會、舉辦生日會等方式進行。最後,本文更針對其思想內涵,提出10點評析,以供參考。

Language: Chinese

DOI: 10.3966/102887082016036201003

ISSN: 1028-8708

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

The Montessori System in Theory and Practice [book review]

Available from: HathiTrust

Publication: Journal of Education (Boston), vol. 76, no. 7

Pages: 328

Book reviews, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc.

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Language: English

ISSN: 0022-0574, 2515-5741

Book

Montessori-Pädagogik: Einführung in Theorie und Praxis [Montessori Pedagogy: Introduction to Theory and Practice]

Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc.

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Language: German

Published: Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany: Herder, 2013

Edition: 3rd ed.

Series: Montessori-Praxis (Herder)

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Variation Theory and Montessori Education

Available from: Stockholm University Press

Publication: Journal of Montessori Research and Education, vol. 2, no. 1

Pages: 13–23

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Abstract/Notes: In this article we examine the relation between variation theory and Maria Montessori’s didactic theory. Montessori believed that training and sharpening of the child’s senses are crucial for their continued learning; she therefore developed specific sensorial materials to be used in Montessori preschools for such a purpose. As noted by interpreters of Montessori education, a key principle in this material, as well as in variation theory, is the use of variation and invariance. However, in this article, lessons in two different areas than the training of the senses are analysed from a variation-theoretical perspective on learning; these lessons originate from Montessori’s own writings and from extracts from Montessori training courses. The result shows that a systematic use of variation and invariance can be seen as a more fundamental part of Montessori’s didactic theory and is not only applied in the sensorial training. The article will offer theoretical concepts useful when explaining why lessons in various areas should be presented in the way they are described.

Language: English

DOI: 10.16993/jmre.12

ISSN: 2002-3375

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

The Montessori Theory in the "No Schoolbag" Model. Formativity of Materials and of the Educational Environment

Available from: Università di Bologna

Publication: Ricerche di Pedagogia e Didattica / Journal of Theories and Research in Education, vol. 16, no. 2

Pages: 93-104

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Abstract/Notes: The aim of this contribution is to show the “outdated” relevance of Montessori pedagogy in the “No Schoolbag” (Senza Zaino, or “SZ”) model. Adopting some fundamental elements of Montessori’s activism, this model advocates a school in the fullest meaning of Scholè, as a place for dialogue, development and work, otium and negotium, commitment to study and the pleasure of knowledge, where the discipline of freedom, as applied to experience and filtered by emotions, is indispensable. In doing so, it rejects the idea of school being based on educational intellectualism. Rather it is an indirect educational path in which the experience of reality, rather than empty words, shapes the child's mind, developing an inner order that originates from its external counterpart, with the result that the child feels like an active participant, belonging to a welcoming, hospitable and motivating community. Drawing on the Montessori theory, the “No Schoolbag” model positions itself as a pedagogy of our time, but endowed with an ancient, rigorous, inclusive, and supportive heart.

Language: English

DOI: 10.6092/issn.1970-2221/12199

ISSN: 1970-2221

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Montessori, Dewey, and Capitalism: Educational Theory for a Free Market in Education, by Jerry Kirkpatrick [Book Review]

Available from: Taylor and Francis Online

Publication: Journal of School Choice, vol. 2, no. 3

Pages: 348-351

Book reviews

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Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/15582150802371853

ISSN: 1558-2159, 1558-2167

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Teori Belajar Konstruktivisme Maria Montessori dan Penerapannya di Masa Pandemi COVID-19 [Maria Montessori's Constructivism Learning Theory and Its Application during the COVID-19 Pandemic]

Available from: Institut Agama Islan Negeri (IAIN) Ponorogo

Publication: Jurnal Ibriez: Jurnal Kependidikan Dasar Islam Berbasis Sains [Ibriez Journal: Science-Based Journal of Islamic Basic Education], vol. 6, no. 2

Pages: 241-262

Asia, Australasia, COVID-19 Pandemic, Indonesia, Montessori method of education, Southeast Asia

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Abstract/Notes: The coronavirus which began to spread in early 2020 changed the world order (new normal), it also had a direct impact on the education aspect. In Indonesia, there is a policy to conduct online learning. Not all learning can be done online due to signal constraints and costs. So we need a solution, in the form of a theoretical concept that reveals the importance of independent learning and self-study to hone sensory-motor development in children. This concept is found in Maria Montessori's constructivism learning theory. Using a qualitative approach through reading through philosophical hermeneutics, which the author excavated from Maria Montessori's parent books, this research is to find (1) What are the big ideas of Maria Montessori's constructivism learning theory? (2) How is the application of constructivism learning theory for children during the Covid-19 period? with the aim of research to uncover and apply constructivism learning theory from Maria Montessori's perspective for children during a pandemic.This study concludes: (1) Children can self-construct, sensitive period, absorbent mind and certain developmental laws in their learning (2) Application of the Montessori method which includes activities to provide sensory, motor, and language stimulationat home. This understanding is important so that parents use constructivism learning theory in children and use it as the basis for parents' beliefs during this new normal era of learning. / Virus corona yang mulai menyebar awal tahun 2020 mengubah tatanan dunia (new normal), hal tersebut juga terdampak langsung pada aspek pendidikan. Di Indonesia, muncul kebijakan untuk melakukan pembelajaran online. Faktanya, tidak semua pembelajaran bisa dilakukan secara online karena terkendala signal dan biaya. Maka perlu sebuah solusi, berupa konsep teoritis yang mengungkapkan pentingnya pembelajaran mandiri dan belajar sendiri untuk mengasah perkembangan sensori motorik pada anak. Konsep ini ditemukan dalam teori belajar kontruktivisme milik Maria Montessori. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui pembacaan secara hermeneutika filosofis, yang penulis gali dari buku-buku induk karya Maria Montessori, penelitian ini untuk mencari (1) Bagaimana gagasan besar teori belajar konstruktivisme Maria Montessori? (2) Bagaimana penerapan teori belajar kontruktivisme untuk anak dalam masa Covid-19? dengan tujuan penelitian untuk mengungkap dan menerapkan teori belajar konstruktivisme perspektif Maria Montessori untuk anak di masa pandemi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan: (1) Anak memiliki kemampuan self construction, sensitive period, absorbent mind dan hukum perkembangan tertentu dalam belajarnya (2) Penerapan metode Montessori yang meliputi kegiatan untuk memberikan stimulasi sensorik, motorik dan bahasa di dalam rumah. Pemahaman ini penting, agar orang tua menggunakan teori belajar kontruktivisme pada anak dan digunakan sebagai dasar keyakinan orang tua di saat pembelajaran era new normal ini.

Language: Indonesian

DOI: 10.21154/ibriez.v6i2.164

ISSN: 2548-4176, 2548-3447

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