Abstract/Notes: Who was Maybanke? To her contemporaries she was... "About the most intellectual woman in Australia. A tower of strength for good, the world is a better place because she lived in it and beautified it." - The Sydney Morning Herald. "With the late Miss Rose Scott, Mrs Anderson was the driving force behind the women's agitation that culminated in women's suffrage in New South Wales...an able speaker and voluminous writer on all subjects in the interests of women and children." - The Daily Telegraph. "Without doubt the ablest woman in NSW. One may truthfully say this noble lady's life was one of almost incalculable benefit to her country...A genius for initiating movements for education and social betterment" - Professor H. Tasman Lovell, Australia's first professor of psychology. Read Maybanke's 'WOMANS VOICE' and make up your own mind.

Language: English

Published: Avalon Beach, New South Wales, Australia: Ruskin Rowe Press, 2001

ISBN: 978-0-9587095-3-8 0-9587095-3-X

Abstract/Notes: In research focused on self-efficacy it is usually teacher-related phenomena that are studied, while the main aspects related to pupils are rather neglected, although self-efficacy itself is perceived as a belief in one’s own abilities. Evidently, this strongly influences the behavior of individuals in terms of the goal and success in mathematical problem-solving. Considering that alternative teaching methods are based on the principle of belief in one’s own ability (mainly in the case of group work), higher self-efficacy can be expected in the pupils of teachers who use predominantly the well-working pupil-centered pedagogies. A total of 1133 pupils in grade 5 from 36 schools in the Czech Republic were involved in the testing of their ability to solve mathematical problems and their mathematical self-efficacy as well. Participants were divided according to the above criteria as follows: (i) 73 from Montessori primary schools, (ii) 332 pupils educated in mathematics according to the Hejný method, (iii) 510 pupils from an ordinary primary school, and (iv) 218 pupils completing the Dalton teaching plan. In the field of mathematical problem-solving the pupils from the Montessori primary schools clearly outperformed pupils from the Dalton Plan schools (p = 0.027) as well as pupils attending ordinary primary schools (p = 0.009), whereas the difference between the Montessori schools and Hejný classes was not significant (p = 0.764). There is no statistically significant difference in the level of self-efficacy of pupils with respect to the preferred strategies for managing learning activities (p = 0.781). On the other hand, correlation between mathematical problem-solving and self-efficacy was confirmed in all the examined types of schools. However, the correlation coefficient was lower in the case of the pupils from the classes applying the Hejný method in comparison with the pupils attending the Montessori schools (p = 0.073), Dalton Plan schools (p = 0.043), and ordinary primary schools (p = 0.002). Even though the results in mathematical problem-solving are not consistent across the studies, the presented results confirm better performance of pupils in some constructivist settings, particularly in the case of individual constructivism in the Montessori primary schools. The factors influencing lower correlation of self-efficacy and performance in mathematical problem-solving ought to be subject to further investigation.

Language: English

DOI: 10.3390/su122310215

ISSN: 2071-1050

Abstract/Notes: Book Review of Mario M. Montessori's 'Education for Human Development'

Language: English

DOI: 10.1080/0098559780040209

ISSN: 0098-5597

Abstract/Notes: Performance monitoring (PM) is central to learning and decision making. It allows individuals to swiftly detect deviations between actions and intentions, such as response errors, and adapt behavior accordingly. Previous research showed that in adult participants, error monitoring is associated with two distinct and robust behavioral effects. First, a systematic slowing down of reaction time speed is typically observed following error commission, which is known as post-error slowing (PES). Second, response errors have been reported to be automatically evaluated as negative events in adults. However, it remains unclear whether (1) children process response errors as adults do (PES), (2) they also evaluate them as negative events, and (3) their responses vary according to the pedagogy experienced. To address these questions, we adapted a simple decision-making task previously validated in adults to measure PES as well as the affective processing of response errors. We recruited 8- to 12-year-old children enrolled in traditional (N = 56) or Montessori (N = 45) schools, and compared them to adults (N = 46) on the exact same task. Results showed that children processed correct actions as positive events, and that adults processed errors as negative events. By contrast, PES was similarly observed in all groups. Moreover, the former effect was observed in traditional schoolchildren, but not in Montessori schoolchildren. These findings suggest that unlike PES, which likely reflects an age-invariant attention orienting toward response errors, their affective processing depends on both age and pedagogy.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1111/desc.13045

ISSN: 1467-7687

Abstract/Notes: The aim in the research was to investigate the effect of Montessori-based STEM education on the self-directed learning skills of pre-service pre-school teachers. A mixed method was employed in the research. The sample of the research consisted of 53 pre-service teachers enrolled in the Pre-school Teacher Education Programme at a mid-sized state university in northeast Turkey. During the research, Montessori-based STEM education was given to the pre-service teachers for two hours per week over 14 weeks. The Self-directed Learning Skills scale was applied to obtain the quantitative data and the Semi-structured Interview Form was used for the qualitative data in the research. After coding the data in content analysis, the themes of the coded data were written down. In order to contribute to the validity of the research, direct quotations from the participant group were included in the findings section and participant confirmation was carried out. In order to contribute to the reliability of the data analysis, the consistency of the results with each other was checked by five experts during the data analysis. The aim was to contribute to the reliability of the study by explaining the data collection and analysis sections in detail. At the end of the research, it was observed that there was a significant difference between the self-directed learning skills pre-test and post-test scores and that the qualitative analysis results supported this difference in direction with the development. These developments were determined from the statements by the pre-service teachers in their interviews stating that the training contributed greatly to their personal and social development and helped them gain learning and teaching skills about a subject. In line with the results obtained, it can be concluded that pre-school teacher candidates' self-directed learning skills such as self-confidence, perseverance, self-planned learning, and self-assessment were developed by Montessori approach-based STEM education. / Araştırmada Montessori yaklaşımı temelli STEM eğitimlerinin; okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının öz yönetimli öğrenme becerileri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada karma yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Doğu Anadolu’ nun orta ölçekli bir ilindeki devlet üniversitesinin Eğitim Fakültesi Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği Bölümünde öğrenim gören 53 öğretmen adayı oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının öz yönetimli öğrenme becerilerindeki değişimi belirlemek amacıyla tek grup öntest sontest deseni oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmada nicel verilerin elde edilmesinde “Öz Yönetimli Öğrenme Becerileri” ölçeği ve nitel veriler için de “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Mülakat Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma süresince toplamda 14 hafta boyunca haftada 2 ders saati olmak üzere adaylara Montessori yaklaşım temelli STEM eğitimleri verilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen nicel verilerin analizi ilişkili örneklem t testi ile nitel verilerin analizi ise içerik analizi ile yapılmıştır. İçerik analizinde verilerin kodlaması yapıldıktan sonra, kodlama yapılan verilerin temaları yazılmıştır. Araştırmanın geçerliliğine katkı sağlamak için, bulgular bölümünde katılımcı grubun doğrudan alıntılarına yer verilmiş ayrıca katılımcı teyidi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri analizinin güvenirliğine katkı sunmak için, veri analizi esnasında beş uzman tarafından sonuçların birbiri ile tutarlılığı kontrol edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öz yönetimli öğrenme becerilerinin öntest ve sontest puanları arasında, anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu ve yapılan nitel analiz sonuçlarının da bu farkı gelişim yönünde desteklediği gözlenmiştir. Bu gelişimler öğretmen adaylarının mülakatlarında eğitimlerin kişisel ve sosyal gelişimlerine oldukça katkı sağladıklarını, bir konu hakkında öğrenme ve öğretme becerisi kazanma konusunda yardımcı olduğunu belirten ifadelerinden tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda Montessori yaklaşımı temelli STEM eğitimlerinin okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının özgüven, sebat gösterme, kendi kendine planlı öğrenme, öz değerlendirme yapabilme gibi öz yönetimli öğrenme becerilerinin geliştiği yorumu yapılabilir.

Language: English

DOI: 10.19160/e-ijer.1038793

ISSN: 1309-6265

Abstract/Notes: Rad dovodi u relaciju teoriju samoaktualizacije (Abrahama Maslowa), teoriju optimalnih iskustava (Michaela Csikszentmihalyi-a) i mogućnosti za njihovo ostvarenje u školi. Maslow (1963.) prepoznaje vrhunska iskustva, a Csikszentmihalyi (2006.) trenutke zanesenosti kao istinske trenutke sreće i samoostvarenja/samoaktualizacije. Maslow kao i Lev Vygotsky (1978.) prepoznaje ključan utjecaj socio-kulturalnog okruženja na razvoj djeteta kao preduvjet za razvoj i samoaktualizaciju pojedinca. Imajući u vidu proksimalan razvoj djeteta i njegovu težnju za aktualizacijom potrebno je školsko iskustvo što više približiti vrhunskim iskustvima ili zanesenosti kako bi se omogućilo što uspješnije sudjelovanje učenika u školi. Reformski pedagozi poput Johanna Heinricha Pestalozzija, Johna Deweya i Marije Montessori još prije više od stotinjak godina prepoznaju situacije u školi kada djeca doživljavaju optimalna iskustva i svojim djelovanjem pokušavaju osigurati uvjete u školi za ostvarivanje istih. Tradicionalna pedagogija koja prevladava u školama danas, na žalost, svojim organizacijskim elementima rijetko osigurava uvjete nužne za ostvarivanje optimalnih i vrhunskih iskustava u školi. [This paper brings in relation the theory of self-actualization (by Abraham Maslow), the theory of optimal experience (by Michael Csikszentmihaly) and the opportunities for their realization at school. Maslow (1963) recognizes superior experience and Csikszentmihaly (2006) the moments of rapture as the moments of genuine happiness and self-realization/self-actualization. Maslow, as well as Lev Vigotsky (1978), recognizes the key influence of socio-cultural environment on child development as a precondition for the development and self-actualization of the individual. Having in mind the child’s proximal development and his aspiration for actualization it is necessary to bring closer school experience to superior experience or to rapture as much as possible, in order to enable as successful participation of pupils at school as possible. Reform pedagogues like Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, John Dewey and Maria Montessori even more than a hundred years ago recognized the situations at school when children experienced optimal experience and by their actions they tried to provide conditions at school for realization of this experience. Traditional pedagogy that prevails at schools today, unfortunately, by its organizational elements rarely provides conditions necessary for the realization of optimal and superior experience at school.]

Language: Croatian

ISSN: 1330-0059

Abstract/Notes: This study investigated the impact of Montessori didactic method and direct instruction method on the self-esteem of pupils with hearing impairment in Lagos State, Nigeria. !e employed pre- and post-tests quasi-experimental research design. A total of 29 pupils with hearing impairment were purposively selected and participated in the study with 9, 10, 10 participants in treatment and control groups through non-bias randomisation. Index of Self-Esteem (ISE) developed by Hudson (1982) was adapted and revalidated with the reliability of 0.77 and 0.76, respectively using concurrent validity and test retest reliability. !e treatment lasted nine weeks. !e study revealed that self-esteem significantly differs among pupils with hearing impairment across the experimental groups. !e Montessori didactic group had a higher mean score than the direct instruction method, but both were better when compared to the control group. In addition, the experimental group did not significantly differ due to gender. It was recommended that teachers of pupils with hearing impairment should use both Montessori Didactic and Direct Instructions to reduce children’s social and emotional impairment and increase their social functioning

Language: English

ISSN: 0354-8759

Abstract/Notes: The Montessori method in the learning process, which is based on the principle of the Montessori method that a child's education appears to coincide with the stages of the potential development of learners. The characteristic of the Montesssori method is to emphasize the activities that are raised by the children themselves which can stimulate students to learn actively in learning and can develop students' potential. In this study, researchers used qualitative methods using a case study approach, while the data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. In collecting data, researchers used the Spradly data analysis model. Data analysis was carried out. It was concluded that the Montessori method is also a method that can develop the potential of students, so it is necessary to introduce the Montessori method in more depth to educators at SD Tiga Bahasa Rukun Harapan, namely by application of understanding to educators regarding the Montessori method.

Language: Indonesian

DOI: 10.55962/metanoia.v5i1.85

ISSN: 2716-2885

Language: Japanese

ISSN: 0913-4220

Language: Japanese

ISSN: 0913-4220