Abstract/Notes: The dynamic and complex nature of children’s sense of physical environment (Lim, Barton, 2010) with respect to the location of the space concerning cultural conditions, relations, and parameters direct design criteria to meet pedagogic, physiologic, and biological needs and requirements of the children in the preschool interiors. This enquiry has grown out of the desire to examine the parameters, cultural aspects, dimensions, or contexts affecting the built environment in the preschool interiors where children spend most of their time out of their home. Conceptual components affecting the interior space of pre-school education centers are identified and based on literature review, interviews, surveys, observational data, and statistical concepts such as education models, socio-economic conditions, appreciation of adults, child–teacher–parent relations, and location related to culture. These contextual connections and relations with the interior environment shaped the body of the study. Based on the above-mentioned items, a research questionnaire was used in centers located in the Çankaya and Çayyolu regions of Ankara. Subjects were randomly selected from among the parents of these preschools’ students. Accordingly, the research questionnaire was directed to a total of 200 respondents from 15 pre-school centers; these preschool education centers are the ones applying the Montessori education model, providing education in English and highlighting features like physical space comfort, etc. Those centers have maintained their corporate identity thanks to the above-counted features. Consequently, data has shown that the education model, socio-economic conditions, appreciation of adults, child–teacher–parent relations, and location have an indirect and direct bearing on parent perception of the preschool centers which affects the centers’ formation of Interior spatial design. [Anaokullarının mekansal oluşumu,çocuğun,değişen fiziksel çevre koşullarına bağlı olarak gelişen karmaşık ve dinamik bir etkileşim sürecidir. Farklı kültürel koşullar, ilişkiler ve parametreler bu mekanlarda pedagojik, psikolojik ve biyolojik gereksinimleri doğurmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı çocukların ev dışında en çok vakit geçirdiği ana okullarının mekan oluşumunda etkili olan kültürel parametrelerin, boyut ve bağlamını ortaya koymaktır. Literatür taraması, mülakat ve istatistiksel araştırma sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre; Eğitim Modeli, Socio-Ekonomik koşullar, Yetişkin ölçütü, Çocuk-Eğitim-Ebeveyn İlişkileri ve Konum Kültür ile ilişkilidir. Bu kavramsal İlişkiler çalışmanın gövdesini oluşturmaktadır. Yukarıda belirtilen unsurlarla ilişkili olarak Ankara Çankaya ve Çayyolu semtlerinde yer alan anaokullarında anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Anketler, bahsi geçen bölgede 15 Anaokulunda 200 katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. Anaokulları Montessori eğitim modeli uygulayan, İngilizce eğitim veren, fiziksel şartları ile öne çıkan ve bir markanın zinciri olmak üzere sınıflandırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, yapılan farklı sınıflandırmalara bağlı olarak, değişen kültürel parametrelerin Anaokullarının mekansal oluşumunda direk ve dolaylı etkisi bulunmaktadır.]

Language: English

DOI: 10.5505/megaron.2017.49469

ISSN: 1309-6915

Abstract/Notes: Treatment fidelity, or the application of an intervention as it is designed, is a critical issue for the successful implementation of evidence-based practices. Typically it is assumed that evidence-based practices implemented with high fidelity will result in improved outcomes, whereas low fidelity will lead to poorer outcomes. These assumptions presume agreement across researchers and practitioners on what fidelity is, how to measure it, and what level of fidelity optimizes outcomes; however, there is no widespread agreement on any of these issues. This article discusses the dimensions and nuances of treatment fidelity as well as the implications for measuring and analyzing it in relation to student outcomes. The authors review research demonstrating the differential relationship of fidelity across schools, program type, and impact on student outcomes that special educators should consider when designing intervention studies and implementing evidence-based practices. Special educators should prioritize practices and programs with clearly identified components that are empirically validated yet designed flexibly to match various contexts and student populations. Suggestions to support schools in implementing and sustaining evidence-based practices are provided.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1177/001440291307900204

ISSN: 0014-4029, 2163-5560

Abstract/Notes: Montessori education gathers around two purposes: biological and social purposes. Helping natural development of an individual is targeted in the biological part, and preparation of an individual for the environment is targeted in the social part (Montessori, 1947). Fundamental element of Montessori approach is to form the space. Although there are plenty of studies present in the literature on this subject, it was noted that studies on interior spaces, with which people have quite intensive and higher level of relationship, turned out to be very few. Thus, in this study, in the context of findings determined by conceptual components affecting physical characteristics in the formation of interior spaces, particularly in kindergartens applying Montessori education model, which has become widespread in preschool educational institutions in Turkey during the past ten years; For this reason five (all) institutions in Ankara were selected as the area of study with more than one data collection technique, and survey with quantitative approach, and document investigation with qualitative approach and monitoring (mechanical) techniques were used. In the applied study, characteristics making up the interior space in preschool educational institutions were studied in the content of the titles of Properties of Interiors, General Spatial Standards of Day Care Centre, Atmospheric Properties Floor, Wall, Furnishings etc...), Furniture and Equipment, and the sample interior- space forming model for design setting was suggested. [Montessori eğitimi iki amaç etrafında toplanır: biyolojik ve sosyal amaçlar. Bir bireyin doğal gelişimine yardımcı olmak biyolojik yönünü hedef alırken ve çevre için bireyin hazırlanması toplumsal yönünü hedefler (Montessori, 1947). Montessori yaklaşımının temel unsuru mekanı oluşturmaktır. Bu konuda literatürde çok sayıda çalışma olmasına rağmen, insanların oldukça yoğun ve yüksek düzeyde ilişkilere sahip olduğu iç mekanlarla ilgili çalışmaların çok az olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada, özellikle son on yılda Türkiye’de okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında yaygınlaşan Montessori eğitim modelini uygulayan anaokullarında iç mekan oluşumunda fiziksel özellikleri etkileyen kavramsal bileşenler tarafından belirlenen bulgular bağlamında; Ankara’da beş (tüm) kurum birden fazla veri toplama tekniği ile çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiş, niceliksel yaklaşımla anket, nitel yaklaşım ile izleme (mekanik) teknikleriyle belge araştırması kullanılmıştır. Uygulamalı çalışmada, İç Mekanların Özellikleri, Anaokulunun Genel Mekansal Standartları, Atmosferik Zemin Kat, Duvar, Mobilyalar vb. Başlıkları kapsamında, okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarındaki iç mekanı oluşturan özellikler incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, Mobilya, Ekipman ve tasarım ortamı için örnek iç mekan oluşturma modeli önerilmiştir.]

Language: English

DOI: 10.5505/megaron.2018.93276

ISSN: 1309-6915

Language: English

ISSN: 1470-8647

Abstract/Notes: Madam Montessori believed that training and sharpening of the child’s senses are crucial for their continued learning; she, therefore, developed specific sensorial materials to be used in Montessori preschools for such a purpose. The Montessori Method of education is a system of education for young children that seeks to spread natural interests and activities rather than use formal teaching methods. Maria Montessori exhibited Various Teaching-Learning Aids for refining the senses called sensorial materials. Sensorial training/learning is a teaching approach that stimulates the child’s five senses; taste, touch, smell, sight, and hearing. It allows children to use their senses to explore and understand the world around them. It includes activities that assist them to study objects, colors, textures, tastes, numbers, and situations. This article addresses the knowledge and understanding needed by teachers working with children on the autism spectrum. Montessori methods are very operative in developing effective teaching-learning aid for sensory training. Effective practice depends largely on an understanding of autism and of the individual child rather than on specialist skills. It will explain how children with autism develop the sensory issues in various Teaching-Learning Aids and to boost children express, classify and enlarge their sensory experiences with the help of the Montessori Method.

Language: English

ISSN: 2581-5415

Abstract/Notes: Montessori learning environments, described as prepared environment, allow children to choose their work freely and construct their own learning. Because the child is in the center and the roles of the teacher differ from the roles of the teachers in traditional schools, the direction of the communication and collaboration between the child and the teacher is determined accordingly. This study aims at examining the practices of Montessori teachers in communication and collaboration with the child. A phenomenological approach was adopted in the study. Purposive snowball sampling was employed to identify 12 Montessori preschool teachers. A focus group interview and semi-structured interviews were used to obtain data. The obtained data were transcribed and analyzed through the content analysis method. The findings were examined under three main themes, which are "the communication of the teacher with the child", "the collaboration between the teacher and the child" and "the difficulties Montessori teachers face in communication and collaboration with the child". The study showed that teachers' communication approach was based on respect for the child. When communicating with the child, teachers adopted a guidance role. However, teachers' practices in communication deviated from Montessori philosophy in case of conflict and undesired behaviors. Support from the child's peers, involving the children in forming class rules, giving children responsibility, and collaboration in learning were the main subjects that maintain collaboration with the child. Besides, study findings indicated that Montessori teachers faced some difficulties in communication and collaboration with the child. The results of this study imply that the communication and collaboration practices of Montessori teachers and the Montessori philosophy are mostly in line but can contradict in some cases.

Language: English

DOI: 10.17275/per.22.24.9.1

ISSN: 2148-6123

Abstract/Notes: Children in a Montessori preschool were administered a series of tests at the beginning of the school year and retested on the same battery 8 mo. later, at the end of the school year. The children exhibited a mean gain of about 11 points on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test IQ. They also exhibited a decline in Impuisivity and an increase in Superego scores, on the average, as measured by the Arrow-Dot Test. These longitudinal results corroborate an earlier cross-sectional analysis; and, as these results follow a prediction from Freudian theory, give indication of construct validity for the test.

Language: English

DOI: 10.2466/pms.1970.30.1.269

ISSN: 1558-688X, 0031-5125

Abstract/Notes: Montessori is a learning method that uses the surrounding environment as a learning resource. This research is aimed at describing how the Montessori method is applied to Mathematics for students who survive Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were PDD-NOS grade V SD students in inclusive schools. The research instruments were documentation, observation, and interviews. The results showed that students with PDD-NOS who have delays in communication can more easily accept mathematics learning using the Montessori method. This is supported by the Montessori concept which allows PDD-NOS students to use lego in learning fractions.

Language: English

DOI: 10.31000/prima.v6i1.5300

ISSN: 2580-2216

Abstract/Notes: In my paper, I will examine the ways in the active and creative learning with all sensory perceptions from the educational perspective. It concerns the integrated switching of individual learning techniques and learning strategies in DAF (GFL) instruction. First of all, I will handle action and project elements in foreign language lesson first become I, which different aspects action and project oriented of learning in foreign language instruction to treat. Here plays the positive effect of the Montessori Method, which emphasizes working with all sense channels. Because the more sensory impressions are opened, so much the better new vocabulary in the memory is stored. One assumes the learning in instruction to participate actively and the opportunity orders themselves to them by practical doing and experiences linguistic authority to acquire. A goal of my contribution is to develop an applicable method for forei gn language instruction in order to make active, creative, motivating and discovering learning procedures possible. This carries high concentration ability and an improvement out of keeping achievement with the acquisition and promotes creativity. This is to carry an interactive learning procedure out for the increase of the quality in the foreign language authority.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.01.268

ISSN: 1877-0428

Abstract/Notes: L’autrice studia il campo di applicazione delle attività della «vita pratica» sviluppate da Maria Montessori, che costituiscono i fondamenti principali nella Casa dei Bambini (3-6 anni). Queste sono sovente considerate meno importanti delle altre attività in quanto non sono strettamente congiunte all’apprendimento accademico di base. Dopo averne spiegato le origini, l’autrice presenta varie definizioni, soffermandosi sulla differenza tra i «giochi di far finta» e le attività della vita pratica. Dopo aver commentato le classificazioni più importanti, presenta gli obiettivi che queste attività raggiungono affinché la personalità del bambino si sviluppi in maniera integrale. Ciò viene mostrato tramite numerosi esempi osservati in tutto il mondo. È dimostrato che le attività della «vita pratica» rispondo alle profonde necessità che il bambino ha di muoversi e lavorare facendo uso delle sue grossolane abilità motorie. Si sottolinea il nesso tra questo lavoro e lo sviluppo del pensiero matematico, che mostra come queste attività sviluppano le funzioni esecutive del cervello. Spesso l’adulto, cercando di evitare di far stancare il bambino, produce l’effetto contrario e dunque non gli permette di produrre lavori autentici, come al bambino piacerebbe. Vengono analizzate le preparazioni necessarie dell’ambiente e del modo di presentare queste attività. C’è un interesse particolare nell’analisi e nell’economia dei movimenti, temi prediletti da Maria Montessori. L’autrice descrive anche i principi più importanti che devono guidare la selezione dei materiali, che diversamente da altre aree del lavoro non sono scientifiche e dunque lasciano maggiori opportunità di creatività alle maestre. / La autora investiga el campo de aplicación de las actividades de la “vida práctica” desarrolladas por Maria Montessori, que constituyen la base fundamental en la Casa dei Bambini (3-6 años). Éstas son muchas veces consideradas menos importantes que otras actividades porque no están íntimamente ligadas al aprendizaje académico básico. Después de explicar sus orígenes, la autora presenta varias definiciones, para, a continuación, centrarse en las diferencias entre el “juego simbólico” y las actividades de la vida práctica. Después de comentar las clasificaciones más importantes, se presentan los objetivos que logran estas actividades para que la personalidad del niño se desarrolle de una forma integral. Se ilustra a través de numerosos ejemplos observados en todo el mundo. Está demostrado que las actividades de la “vida práctica” responden a las profundas necesidades que el niño tiene de moverse y trabajar usando sus habilidades motoras gruesas. Se hace hincapié en la conexión entre este trabajo y el desarrollo del pensamiento matemático, que muestra cómo estas actividades desarrollan las funciones ejecutivas del cerebro. Muchas veces el adulto, tratando de evitar cansar al niño, produce el efecto contrario y así, no permite al niño producir trabajos auténticos como al niño le gustaría. Se analiza también la preparación necesaria del ambiente y del modo de presentar estas actividades. Hay un interés particular en el análisis y la economía de movimientos, temas preferidos por Maria Montessori. La autora también describe los principios más importantes que deben guiar la selección de materiales que, en contra de lo que sucede en otras áreas de trabajo no son científicos, por lo tanto, dejan más oportunidades de creatividad a las profesoras. / The author investigates the scope of “Practical Life” activities developed by Maria Montessori that are mainly found in the Children’s House (3-6 years). These are often regarded less important than other activities because they are not closely linked to basic academic learning. After explaining their origin, the author presents several definitions, pausing to focus on the distinction between “pretend” games and practical life activities. After commenting on the major classifications, she presents the objectives that these activities accomplish so that the personality of the child is developed in an integral way. This is illustrated with numerous examples observed from around the world. It is shown that practical life activities respond to the deep needs that the child has to move and work using their gross motor skills. The link between this work and the development of mathematical thinking is also noted, showing how these activities develop the executive functions of the brain. Many times the adult, trying to avoid tiring out the children, produces the opposite effect and therefore does not allow the children to produce authentic work as they would have liked. The necessary preparations of the environment and the way of presenting these activities are analyzed. There is a particular appeal to the analysis and economy of movements, themes that are dear to Maria Montessori. The author also describes the main principles that should guide the choice of materials, which, unlike that of other areas of work, is not scientific and therefore leaves more opportunity for creativity to teachers.

Language: Italian

ISSN: 2255-0666