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Doctoral Dissertation (Ph.D.)

A Comparative Historical and Philosophical Study of the Educational Theories of John Amos Comenius (1592-1670), Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852), and Maria Montessori (1870-1952)

Available from: ProQuest - Dissertations and Theses

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Abstract/Notes: This dissertation was a comparative study from the perspectives of history and philosophy of the educational theories of John Amos Comenius, Friedrich Froebel, and Maria Montessori. The purpose of this dissertation was: 1 - to determine whether or not there were parallel ideas in the educational theories of Comenius, Froebel, and Montessori; 2 - to show to what extent these ideas were actually similar or divergent; and 3 - to consider the additional question of whether or not Froebel and Montessori recognized their theories as part of a sequence of thought originating with Comenius. Using the extant published works of the three educators, descriptions were given of their educational theories in relation to the following topics: the position and principles of methodology; the role of sense realism and the changes in emphasis each educator made in the use of the sense realist concepts of teaching; the role of the religious point of view; the manner of teaching moral values; the role of intellectual and social influences of their respective historical periods in the formation of their educational theories; and the insights of the three educators which can be considered important in the educational world of the latter half of the twentieth century. These descriptions were followed by comparisons of the similarities and differences of the three educators in relation to the above-mentioned topics. The conclusions of the dissertation were the following: 1 - There were parallel ideas present in the educational theories of the three educators. The Comenian concepts and educational emphases which seemed to find restatement most often in the works of Froebel and Montessori were the belief in the importance and the necessity of the use of the correct method of teaching; the theory that if the correct method were used, anything could be taught to nearly anyone; the basic position of the concepts of sense realism in the teaching methodology; and the supreme importance of a definite religious perspective as the groundwork and frame of reference for the whole educational system. 2 - There appeared to be no recognition of influence of the work of Comenius by Froebel and Montessori. In relation to Froebel's gifts or didactic apparatus and his principle of self-activity, there appeared to be a slight recognition of influence by Montessori in the creation of her didactic material and the formulation of her principle of spontaneous activity in a carefully prepared environment. 3 - Concerning the insights of the three educators which may be considered important for education in this century, Comenius was cited for his outstanding ability to systematize knowledge, his championship of the humanitarian ideal of freedom, and his pansophic ideal of universal knowledge through a universal college system with uniform textbooks in a universal auxiliary language. The study of Froebel's work can provide more insights into the educational possibilities of the preschool age child obtained through self-activity. The study of the work of Montessori provides help in the greater educational use of the period of postnatal infancy, and the greater application of the disciplines of anthropology, physiology, and psychology to education. Montessori's work can also prove to be significant in the search for more effective means of education for the culturally deprived child. All three educators seemed to possess an ability to synthesize - to see things in their whole relationships. Specifically they applied this insight to means of educating all facets of human personality.

Language: English

Published: Denver, Colorado, 1970

Book Section

Vom Schulgarten bis zum Summstein - Der Erdkinderplan Montessoris und Realisierungsansätze an der Bischöflichen Maria-Montessori-Gesamtschule Krefeld

Book Title: Montessori-Pädagogik und frühe Kindheit: eine Revolution in der Erziehung?

Pages: 195-203

Child development, Conference proceedings, Conferences, Europe, Germany, Maria Montessori - Philosophy, Montessori method of education, Western Europe

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Language: German

Published: Münster, Germany: Lit, 2004

ISBN: 3-8258-7890-2 978-3-8258-7890-0

Series: Impulse der Reformpädagogik , 9

Book

Montessori Mária és követöi

Dalton laboratory plan, Maria Montessori - Biographic sources, Maria Montessori - Philosophy, Montessori method of education

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Abstract/Notes: This is based on the author's doctoral dissertation (Magyar Királyi Tisza István Tudományegyetem / Hungarian Royal Tisza István University of Science, 1939).

Language: Hungarian

Published: Debrecen, Hungary: Pannonia Könyonyomda, 1939

Article

Maria Montessori et l'éducation nouvelle

Publication: Association Montessori de France, no. 21

Pages: 16-23

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Language: French

ISSN: 1244-7161

Article

11. Congresso internazionale Montessori: Maria Montessori e il pensiero pedagogico contemporaneo

Publication: Luce (Azione cattolica delle Plaghe di Varese, Busto Arsizio e Legnano)

Conferences, International Montessori Congress (11th, Rome, Italy, 26-28 September 1957)

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Language: Italian

Article

Francesco De Bartolomeis, Maria Montessori e la pedagogia scientifica [review]

Publication: L'Italia che scrive, vol. 37, no. 2-3

Pages: 37-38

Book reviews

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Language: Italian

ISSN: 0021-2768

Article

Frieden und Erziehung in der Pädagogik Maria Montessoris

Publication: Montessori-Werkbrief (Montessori-Vereinigung e.V.), vol. 21, no. 1-2

Pages: 3-17

Peace

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Language: German

ISSN: 0722-2513

Article

Presenza di Maria Montessori

Publication: Difesa del ragazzo (Unione Italiana di Assistenza all'Infanzia), no. 3

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Language: Italian

Article

Maria Jervolino e l'OMEP

Available from: Atlante Montessori

Publication: Vita dell'Infanzia (Opera Nazionale Montessori), vol. 25, no. 7

Pages: 16-17

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Language: Italian

ISSN: 0042-7241

Article

[Maria Montessori è soprattutto nota...]

Publication: Idea

Maria Montessori - Biographic sources

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Language: Italian

ISSN: 0019-1280

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