Abstract/Notes: È noto quanto Maria Montessori fosse esigente nei confronti del maestro. In questo articolo si presenta la sua visione delle caratteristiche che devono animare il «nuovo Maestro» per consentire «al bambino nuovo» di potersi sviluppare in modo armonioso ed equilibrato. Dato che la peculiarità della pedagogia montessoriana è cambiare la modalità relazionale tra l’adulto e il bambino, sono messi in risalto alcuni aspetti concreti e universali condivisibili da tutti gli insegnanti. Questi possono essere applicati ovunque e possono anche facilitare la didattica, anche senza applicare tutto il Metodo Montessori, giacché l’autoeducazione del bambino è legata all’autodisciplina dell’adulto. Per formare i maestri Maria Montessori aveva scelto di organizzare i Corsi internazionali di formazione che duravano diversi mesi. Per chiarire gli elementi essenziali, vengono studiate le conferenze riguardo al nuovo maestro pronunciate durante questi corsi. Da esse vengono ricavati i tre livelli di formazione: materiale, scientifica e spirituale. Alcuni aspetti imprescindibili vengono più approfonditi, quali lo spogliarsi dei preconcetti, il cambiare le attitudini morali e l’essere un’osservatore gioioso, aspetti che la Montessori considerava essenziali per risolvere il problema dell’educazione. Basandosi anche su alcuni racconti di allieve, sono proposte alcune modalità scelte da Hélène Lubienska de Lenval durante il suo Cours Pédagogique, e sono presentate alcune scelte pedagogiche di Adele Costa Gnocchi, che aprirà la Scuola Assistenti all’Infanzia dove saranno approfondite le intuizioni della Montessori per il bambino piccolo fino a tre anni. / Es conocido lo exigente que Maria Montessori ha sido en relación a los maestros. En este artículo se presenta su visión de las características que debería poseer el “nuevo maestro” para permitir al “nuevo niño” desarrollarse de manera armoniosa y equilibrada. Considerando que la finalidad de la pedagogía montessoriana es cambiar la modalidad de interacción entre el adulto y el niño, se pueden destacar algunos aspectos concretos y universales que puedan compartir por todos los maestros. Sin necesidad de aplicar completamente el Método Montessori, estos elementos pueden ser útiles en todo tipo de circunstancia y facilitar la didáctica, puesto che la autoeducación del niño depende de la autodisciplina del adulto. Para formar a los maestros, Maria Montessori decidió organizar los cursos internacionales de formación con una duración de varios meses. Para aclarar los aspectos esenciales, en este artículo se toman en consideración las conferencias relativas al “nuevo maestro” que se pronunciaron en estos cursos. A partir de ellas se pueden derivar los tres niveles de formación: material, científica y espiritual. Se profundiza sobre algunos aspectos fundamentales como liberarse de los prejuicios, cambiar la actitud moral y ser un alegre y atento observador, aspectos que Maria Montessori consideraba primordiales para resolver el problema de la educación. Basándose en algunos relatos de sus alumnas, también se exponen algunas modalidades adoptadas por Hélène Lubienska de Lenval presentadas durante su Cours Pédagogique y además se presentan algunas opciones pedagógicas de Adele Costa Gnocchi, que abrirá la Escuela de Asistentes de la Infancia donde se estudiará a profundidad la visión de Maria Montessori para el niño pequeño, hasta los tres años de edad. / It is well known how much Maria Montessori demanded of teachers. This article presents her vision of the characteristics which should animate the “new teacher” in order to allow the development of the “new child” in a harmonious and balanced manner. Given that the goal of the Montessori pedagogy is to change the manner of relating between adult and child, some concrete and universal characteristics are highlighted which are common to all teachers. Even without applying the entire Montessori methodology, these elements can be useful in all circumstances and can facilitate teaching, given that the self education of the child is linked to the self discipline of the adult. To train teachers, Maria Montessori chose to organize international training courses lasting several months. To clarify the essential elements, the conferences regarding the topic of the new teacher during these training courses are presented here. These elements are divided into three levels of training: the material level, the scientific level, and the spiritual level. Some essential aspects are covered in depth, such as the denuding of preconceptions; changing of moral attitudes; being a joyful observer; all approaches that Maria Montessori considered essential to solve the problem of education. Finally, on the basis of stories of students, there are presented some methods chosen by Helene Lubienska de Lenval taken from her Cours Pedagogique, and some pedagogical methods taken from Adele Costa Gnocchi, who will open the Scuola Assistenti all’Infanzia, where they will delve deeper into Montessori insights regarding the small child up to three years of age.

Language: Italian

ISSN: 2255-0666

Abstract/Notes: Book Review

Language: French

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0042-7241

Abstract/Notes: This article was digitized by the Royal Danish Library. Each page of the article is available as a separate PDF file. Page 1 (p. 501): http://img.kb.dk/iti/59/pdf/iti_59_0671.pdf Page 2 (p. 502): http://img.kb.dk/iti/59/pdf/iti_59_0672.pdf Page 3 (p. 503): http://img.kb.dk/iti/59/pdf/iti_59_0673.pdf

Language: Danish

Language: Catalan

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0031-3777

Abstract/Notes: Dieses Buch beinhaltet eine wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung der Reformpädagogik Emmi Piklers und Maria Montessoris im Bereich des freien Spiels. Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, die von Emmi Pikler und Maria Montessori entwickelten Richtlinien einer optimalen Erziehung darzustellen, miteinander zu vergleichen und anhand wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen zu beurteilen. Die grundlegende Frage ist, auf welche Details Eltern und Erzieher im kindlichen freien Spiel achten müssen, um eine ideale Entwicklung des Kindes ermöglichen zu können und welche Vorteile eine solche Erziehung für das Kind bringen kann. Anhand der Methode einer Inhaltsanalyse wird versucht, die entsprechenden Konzepte zur Darstellung der pädagogischen Annahmen einzubringen. Desweiteren wird über die Parallelen und Unterschiede in den erzieherischen Theorien Piklers und Montessoris diskutiert. Bei jenen Annahmen, in denen Pikler und Montessori differenzierte Ansichten vertreten, sollen wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zeigen, welche Theorie tatsächlich im Interesse des Kindes ist. Anhand mehrerer empirischen Studien werden die Konzepte der beiden Pädagoginnen verglichen und beurteilt. Anhand eines Literaturreviews werden die sechs Studien und ihre Forschungsergebnisse zusammengefasst. Der Leser erhält dadurch einen Überblick über Art und Vorgehensweise der Untersuchung was die Interpretation der Ergebnisse nachvollziehbar macht. Weiter bietet das Buch einen Überblick über Gestaltung und Organisation von Pikler- beziehungsweise Montessorispielgruppen, das freie Spiel aus Entwicklungspsychologischer Sicht und biographischen Angaben der beiden Reformpädagoginnen. [This book contains a scientific examination of Emmi Pikler's and Maria Montessori's reform pedagogy in the area of ​​free play. The aim of the study is to present the guidelines for optimal upbringing developed by Emmi Pikler and Maria Montessori, to compare them and to assess them on the basis of scientific studies. The basic question is which details parents and educators have to pay attention to in children's free play in order to enable ideal development of the child and what advantages such an upbringing can bring to the child. Using the method of content analysis, an attempt is made to introduce the appropriate concepts for the presentation of the pedagogical assumptions. Furthermore, the parallels and differences in the educational theories of Pikler and Montessori are discussed. In the case of those assumptions in which Pikler and Montessori represent differentiated views, scientific studies should show which theory is actually in the interest of the child. Based on several empirical studies, the concepts of the two teachers are compared and evaluated. The six studies and their research results are summarized using a literature review. This gives the reader an overview of the type and procedure of the investigation, which makes the interpretation of the results comprehensible. The book also offers an overview of the design and organization of Pikler and Montessori play groups, free play from a developmental psychological point of view and biographical information from the two reform educators.]

Language: German

Published: Salzburg, Austria, 2008

Abstract/Notes: Neste texto é apresentado um enredo acerca da circulação de Maria Montessori a partir fontes localizadas na Itália, fruto de um estágio sanduíche cujo um dos objetivos foi de estabelecer fios narrativos que pudessem contribuir para melhor entender aspectos que estão relacionados à circulação de Montessori e o seu contexto de produção de saberes para a formação e o ensino nas primeiras décadas do século XX. É possível dizer, pós análise, que a sistematização da proposta de Montessori na forma escrita contribuiu para a divulgação do seu método, haja vista o “boom” pós publicação da Pedagogia Científica e a publicações de artigos de revistas por ela organizadas. Vale dizer, também, que os cursos de formação de professores ganharam, também, papel importante para a circulação do seu método, haja vista as convocatórias a Montessori feitas por parte do Estado, que podem ser consideradas como reconhecimento de uma expertise para responder à uma demanda prática à época. [This text presents a plot about the circulation of Maria Montessori from sources located in Italy, the result of a sandwich stage whose objective was to establish narrative threads that could contribute to better understanding aspects that are related to the circulation of Montessori and its context of knowledge production for training and teaching in the first decades of the 20th century. It is possible to say, after analysis, that the systematization of Montessori's proposal in written form contributed to the dissemination of his method, given the boom after the publication of Scientific Pedagogy and the publication of articles in journals organized by it. It is also worth mentioning that teacher training courses have also gained an important role in the circulation of their method, given the calls to Montessori made by the State, which can be considered as recognition of an expertise to respond to a practical demand at the time.]

Language: Portuguese

ISSN: 2447-6447

Abstract/Notes: Konsequent ausgehend von den Entwicklungsbedürfnissen in der Adoleszenz entwarf Maria Montessori für 12-18Jährige das Konzept eines 'Studien- und Arbeitszentrums auf dem Lande', das mit seinen Komponenten Modellbauernhof, Hofladen/ Geschäft, Bed & Breakfast und Schule Jugendlichen Gelegenheit gibt, die gesellschaftlichen Grundstrukturen von Produktion, Handel und Dienstleistungen in einem überschaubaren und zugleich geschützten Rahmen kennenzulernen und damit Praxis-Theorie-übergreifende Erfahrungen in konkreten Zusammenhängen zu sammeln. Das Buch stellt die Grundlagen von Maria Montessoris Konzept detailliert vor und gibt durch Berichte und Interviews mit Montessori-ExpertInnen und Jugendlichen spannende Einblicke in authentische Praxisumsetzungen des "Erdkinder"-Konzepts national und international. [Consistently based on the development needs of adolescence, Maria Montessori designed the concept of a 'study and work center in the country' for 12-18 year olds, which, with its components of model farm, farm shop/shop, bed & breakfast and school, gives young people the opportunity to learn about the basic social structures of production, trade and services in a manageable and at the same time protected framework and thus to gain practical and theoretical experience in concrete contexts. The book presents the basics of Maria Montessori's concept in detail and, through reports and interviews with Montessori experts and young people, provides exciting insights into authentic practical implementations of the "earth children" concept nationally and internationally.]

Language: German

Published: Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany: Herder, 2020

ISBN: 978-3-451-38375-5 3-451-38375-6

Series: Montessori-Praxis (Herder)

Abstract/Notes: Has Maria Montessori an religious horizon? Yes, she have, but it’s laic and cosmic. It’s tied to her scientific education and to the cultural context in which she lived

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.13128/Studi_Formaz-16184

ISSN: 2036-6981