Abstract/Notes: In order to know general awareness for children's song among preschoolers, their teachers and parents the questionary paper survey was performed against 212 of kindergarteners, 63 of their teachers and 197 of their parents. At the sametime their favorite children's songs were collected among the prepared lists of children's songs and selected about 10 children's songs for each group, in order. Also, those selected children's songs were analyzed their musical elements, too. The under 4 year old and female children more favorited the singing children's songs everyday than the 5 year old and male. Thachers replied that they selected the proper children's songs in the basic of the topics of usual daily life and children's interests. Also, parents believed that children's songs is very important to develop their children's musicality. Finally, the favorite children's songs were analyzed as followings the major beat was 4/4, the major tonality was C major, the major form and leongth were 8-34 measures, and the major rhythm was the replicated, symcopated and nimbled one. / 본 연구에서는 유아·교사·학부모의 동요에 관한 인지수준과 선호하는 동요의 유형은 어떠한지 또한 유아들이 선호하는 동요의 음악적 구성요소는 어떠한지에 대해 알아보았다. 연구의 대상은 국·공·사립유치원의 유아 212명, 교사 63명 및 학부모 197명이다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아·교사·학부모의 동요에 관한 인지수준은 유아·교사·학부모 모두가 동요를 좋아하고 동요부르기가 음악성 발달에 매우 중요한 것으로 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유아·교사·학부모가 선호하는 동요의 유형은 유아는 동물 또는 가족과 관련된 창작동요를 교사는 동물과 식물에 관련된 창작동요제곡과 인터넷동요를 학부모는 식물과 사랑, 기본생활습관에 관련된 창작동요와 인터넷동요를 선호하였다. 결과적으로 유아·교사·학부모의 선호하는 동요는 크게 차이는 없지만 유아들이 선호하는 동요는 학부모의 선호도 보다는 교사가 선호하는 동요와 일치도가 높아 학부모보다는 교사의 영향을 더 받는 것으로 판단되었다. 셋째, 유아들이 선호하는 동요의 악곡의 특징은 노래 마지막 부분에 강세가 있거나 반복적인 리듬과 노랫말에 엄마, 아빠, 아기로 표현된 가족과 연관된 노래와 동물을 의인화한 노래 또는 동물의 의성어를 표현한 노래를 좋아하는 것으로 나타났다.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9417

Abstract/Notes: In this research, we have investigated teacher efficacy and social support of kindergarten teachers. We have selected and interviewed 79 and 108 teachers (187 in total) working in public and private kindergartens located in Daejeon city, respectively. Teacher efficacy and social support were analyzed with respect to the career and the educational background of a teacher and to the type of institution. The result indicates that teacher efficacy is affected by the type of institution. The teachers working in public kindergartens show higher teacher efficacy. It also shows that the career and educational background are partially influential in teacher efficacy. In the case of social support, only the family support seems to be affected by the career, education background, and type of institution of a teacher. It has also been found that the teacher efficacy is positively correlated with informational, material and appraisal supports. / 본 연구는 유아교사의 개인적 효능감과 사회적 지지에 대해 알아보았다. 연구의 대상은 대전광역시 소재한 공립유치원 교사 79명, 사립유치원 교사 108명으로 구성된 187명을 대상으로 교사의 효능감과 사회적 지지를 교사의 변인인 경력과 학력, 기관유형에 따라 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 근무 유형에 따라 교사효능감이 차이가 있었으며 공립유치원 교사가 사립유치원 교사보다 교사 효능감이 높게 나타났다. 경력과 학력에 따라서도 효능감의 차이가 부분적으로 있었다. 교사의 변인에 따른 사회적 지지는 교사의 경력, 학력, 근무유형에 따라 가족의 지지가 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 교사효능감과 사회적 지지와의 관계에서는 하위요인인 사회정보적지지, 물질적지지, 평가적지지에서 가족의 지지와 정적 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9417

Abstract/Notes: The purpose of this study is to explore the attachment stability of child care center teachers with infants receiving care education all day and to examine the relationship of infants with child care center teachers in terms of attachment stability according to the background variable and professional recognition of the teachers. The research questions explored to realize the purpose of this study are as follows. 1. What is the nature of the attachment stability of child care center teachers with children at an all day program? 2. What is the nature of the attachment stability of child care center teachers with children according to the background variable of childcare center teachers (age, education, background, career history, marriage status)? 3. What is the nature of attachment stability of child care Center teachers with children according to the professional recognition of child care Center teachers. The subjects of this study are 181 infants aged zero, one, and two who attend 181 child care centers in K city of Chungcheongnamdo and their 51 teachers. In order to measure professional recognition of the teachers, the questionnaire used in earlier studies on professional recognition of child care center teachers amended/supplemented. Also, to measure the attachment stability between teachers and infants, the attachment Q-set developed by Waters and Deane (1985) was amended/supplemented as thirty questions from a total of ninety questions of the attachment Q-set. The results of this study are as follows. First, the average grade for attachment stability of child care center teachers with infants was .36, that is similar to those found in earlier studies conducted in our country. Second, there were differences in terms of attachment stability of infants according to the educational background, career history, and marriage status of child care Center teachers. Third, there was difference in terms of attachment stability with infants depending on the professional recognition of child care Center teachers. / 본 연구에서는 보육교사의 배경원인 및 전문성 인식이 영아의 애착안정성에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 연구의 대상은 충청남도 K시에 위치한 어린이집 18곳에서 표집된 영아 181명과 그들의 담임교사 51명을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 보육교사의 변인에 따른 영아와의 애착안정성 차이를 알아본 결과 보육교사의 학력, 경력, 결혼 여부에 따라 애착안정성은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 보육교사의 학력이 높을수록 영아와의 애착안정성이 높았으며, 경력은 낮을수록 영아와의 애착안정성이 높았고, 기혼보다는 미혼인 경우가 영아와의 애착안정성이 더 높았다. 둘째, 보육교사의 전문성인식에 따른 영아와의 애착안정성을 알아본 결과 보육교사의 전문성 인식이 영아와의 애착안정성에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 전문성 인식의 하위요인에서 직업윤리성과 전문적 기술 및 지식영역이 영아와의 애착안정성에 정적 영향을 미치고, 공정성과 직업만족도는 영아와의 애착안정성에 부적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9417

Abstract/Notes: This study aims to examine relationship between early childhood pre-service teachers' early childhood mathematical content knowledge and mathematics teaching efficacy. This study's subjects are 73 early childhood pre-service teachers from two four-year universities, A and B, situated in Daejeon Metropolitan City. Their mathematical content knowledge and mathematics teaching efficacy were analysed using a concept map and a questionnaire, respectively. The results are as follows. First, there was static correlation between early childhood pre-service teachers' early childhood mathematical content knowledge and mathematics teaching efficacy. Second, relationship between early childhood pre-service teachers' early childhood mathematical content knowledge and outcome expectation was not statistically significant. Third, there was static correlation between early childhood pre-service teachers' early childhood mathematical content knowledge and efficacy expectation. The above results mean that pre-service teachers' good learning of a specific subject's content knowledge leads to their excellent teaching, and therefore good learning of content knowledge is crucial. / 본 연구의 목적은 예비유아교사들의 유아수학교육내용 지식과 수학적 교수효능감과의 관계를 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구의 대상은 대전광역시에 위치한 4년제 A, B 대학 예비유아교사 73명이다. 유아수학내용지식은 개념도를 통해, 수학적 교수효능감은 질문지를 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 예비유아교사의 유아수학교육내용 지식과 수학적 교수효능감과는 정적인 상관이 있었다. 둘째, 예비유아교사의 유아수학교육내용 지식과 수학적 교수 효능감 중 결과기대 효능감과의 관계는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 셋째, 예비유아교사의 유아수학교육내용 지식과 수학 교수 능력신념 효능감과는 정적인 상관이 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 과목 내용지식을 잘 배우면 앞으로 잘 가르칠 수 있게 된다고 볼 수 있기 때문에 내용지식을 잘 배우는 것은 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9417

Abstract/Notes: By monitoring kindergarten musical activities in-depth interviewing with four kindergarten teachers, this paper researched kindergarten teachers' attitudes toward musical educations, ways of their plan and implementing educations, thoughts about musical educations programed by private institutions and difficulties of educating musical educations to students. Thus, research topics were selected to improve understandings of musical educations, musical education practices' environments in kindergarten field regarding of three questions: First, how were actual educations like by a teacher's point of view?, Second, what were teachers' attitude toward on accepting musical educations programmed by private institutions? Third, what were teachers' difficulties for teaching musical educations? Based on the research result, answering the first question, "how were actual musical educations like by a teacher's point, musical educations were performing as subject of living discussion time and as the one of activities such as "Sing-Along". Answering the second question, what were teachers' attitude toward on accepting muscial educations programmed by private institutions?, the answer was found as the attitude was positive. Answering the third question, what were teachers' difficulties for teaching musical educations?, it was found that kindergarten teachers were struggling with advising musical education concepts due to a lack of confidence on educations and of applied ideas to musical educations. This research concluded that. However, by restraining the musical education, they were willing to teach musical educations to students systematically. Eventually, this research would challenged current kindergarten teachers to be suggested for needs of restraining musical education and systematic musical education. / 본 연구는 실제 유아교육현장에서 이루어지고 있는 음악교육을 통해 유아교사가 음악교육에 대해 어떠한 생각을 갖고 있으며, 교육현장에서 음악교육을 어떻게 계획하고 실행하는지, 유아교육현장에 들어오는 외부의 음악수업에 대한 교사의 생각은 어떠한지, 그리고 유아들에게 음악을 교육할 때 교사의 어려움이 무엇인지를 알아보고자 유치원 음악교육활동의 직접 관찰과 4명교사의 심층면담을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 유아교육현장에서의 음악교육에 대한 이해와 유아들에게 실시되는 음악교육과 교사에게 필요한 음악적 환경, 교사들의 음악교육실행의 어려움에 대해 알아보기 위하여 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정하였다. 첫째, 교사를 통해 본 유치원 현장의 음악 교육은 어떠한가? 둘째, 유치원에 들어오는 외부의 음악수업에 대한 교사의 생각은 어떠한가? 셋째, 음악교육을 통해 본 교사의 음악지도의 어려움은 무엇인가? 연구 결과 교사를 통해 본유치원의 음악 교육은 수업 속에 활용되는 음악으로 음악 교육이라기보다는 생활주제를 유아들에게 전달하는 방법으로 사용되고 있거나, ‘노래 부르기’와 같은 활동만으로 음악교육을 활용하고 있었다. 둘째, 교사들은 외부 음악 교육에 대해 긍정적으로 생각을 하였으며, 외부음악교육에 대해 그에 따른 교육상의 문제점에 대해서도 인지하고 있었다. 셋째, 교사를 통해 본 교사의 음악지도의 어려움은 음악적 자신감 결여와 지도방법의 연계방법 부족으로 인하여 음악적 개념지도의 어려움을 보여주고 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 현직교사들에게 음악 교육의 재교육의 필요성과 예비교사들을 위한 ‘유아음악교육전문 교사자격’ 체제를 실시하여 유아교육에서도 유아음악교육 전문성 교사 배출시스템 설계의 필요성을 제언하고자 한다.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9417

Abstract/Notes: So far as the guideline is concerned, there are close resemblances of the teacher`s role emphasised in the Montessori program and that emphasised in the Kamii program. The role is summarized as follows. 1. The teacher should be the provider of the environment and the helper of the children. 2. The teacher should respect the voluntary actions of children. While the teacher`s roles are shown to be similar in both programs, her functions turn out to be different in each program. One of the roles of the teacher in the Montessori program is to provide the settled environment and to repair the damaged materials immediately. But she need not and should not introduce a new environment in addition to the existing environment. On the other hand, it is necessary for the teacher in Kamii program to provide a variety of ample environment and produce new environment during the process of Childrens activities. In the second role, the teacher in the Montessori program should take up the position of a complete non-interventor once the children concentrate on their work. The Montessori program puts emphasis on the principle on non-intervention of the teacher and lets the children realize and correct their errors. Likewise, the teacher in the Kamii program is not allowed to teach in front of the children. This program also encourages the children to experience many different ways of being `wrong`. The teacher intervenes occasionally but she should be very careful in the intervention, and the success depends on the development of children`s activities in consequence of such intervention, that is to say, the teacher should play a role of motivational stimulator. To conclude, we reconfirm that one cannot carry out the teacher`s role successfully in a specific program without a clear understanding of the basic principle and the purpose of the program.

Language: Korean

ISSN: 1226-9565, 2733-9637

Abstract/Notes: Two important aspects of teaching and caring for children were explored using a questionnaire: communication preferences for talking to children and assumptions about how children think about specific things in various situations. Forty parents and teachers from Montessori Schools and forty parents and teachers from Milwaukee Public Schools completed a questionnaire concerning four social situations and one factual situation. Parents and teachers ranked responses to each situation from 1 to 5 or wrote an alternative response if none of those given were appropriate. Parents and teachers also predicted what they would actually do in each situation and described their ideal response in each case. In the second part of the questionnaire parents and teachers gave their views on how children understood ideas relating to time, another's point of view, and play. The responses to the questionnaire by parents and teachers tended to reflect the basic philosophy of Montessori education, which is based upon a cognitive constructivist model in which rational authoritative and distancing strategies rank higher than diversion, normative authoritative, and direct authoritative strategies. Moreover, the beliefs and behaviors of Montessori parents and teachers tended to support this conclusion. A difference was found in the diversion strategy whereby both groups ranked diversion high in the first and second social situations and very low in the fourth and fifth social situations. These differences were likely due to the particular type of situation described. The majority of subjects, both teachers and parents, responded with more cognitive reasons than social reasons to the five situations. They also responded more frequently with active answers than passive answers. Finally, it was found that public school teachers and parents who were from upper middle class districts and professionally educated tended to use the same strategies as the Montessori teachers and parents. In fact, there were no significant differences between the ideal ranking of these five situations by these two groups.

Language: English

Published: Madison, Wisconsin, 1982

Abstract/Notes: As technology becomes ubiquitous in society, there is increasing momentum to incorporate it into education. Montessori education is not immune to this push for technology integration. This qualitative study investigates four Upper Elementary Montessori teachers’ attitudes toward technology and technology integration in a public school setting. Interviews and observations were used to understand the teachers’ thoughts and actions regarding technology in the classroom. Both the school context and teacher background played important roles in teachers’ beliefs and actions. Teachers in this study expressed positive views of technology in general, exhibiting high technology efficacy and valuing the development of technology skills in their students. However, all four teachers struggled to include instructional technology in ways that are consistent with a Montessori paradigm. Although individual student use of adaptive tutoring software was the most common use of technology, the teachers varied greatly in both the amount of student time spent on computers and the roles that technology played in their classrooms.

Language: English

DOI: 10.17161/jomr.v3i1.6458

ISSN: 2378-3923

Abstract/Notes: Research suggests that math anxiety correlates directly with individuals' views of mathematicsrelated experiences. Research also suggests that math anxiety may begin in early elementary grades and remain into adulthood. This study examined how teachers' experiences, perceptions, and mathematics confidence levels influence mathematics instruction. To understand teachers' perceptions of mathematics, the researcher used a qualitative phenomenological approach to probe into their earliest memories of mathematics before entering school and their experiences during formal education. Seven 5th-grade teachers with two to fourteen years of experience agreed to participate in the study. The participants responded to ten open-ended questions focused on mathematics instruction and seven interview questions examining participants' experiences with mathematics. The researcher also observed mathematics instruction in each teacher's classroom. The results indicated that teachers recalled fond early memories of mathematics and felt reasonably confident about their math instruction. Some teachers struggled with mathematics as elementary students, while others excelled. The majority of participants completed the basic requirements for mathematics in high school. Most teachers did not engage in a mathematics methods course focused on standards-based elementary mathematics. Teachers' weak areas in mathematics corresponded with similar studies regarding complex mathematics topics. Several key components of mathematics instruction were absent during observations. Future research may need to increase the number of observations and the sample size.

Language: English

Published: Central, South Carolina, 2023

Language: English

Published: Northampton, England, 2021