Abstract/Notes: El presente trabajo de suficiencia profesional tiene como título: “La Aplicación del Método Montessori para el Desarrollo Integral en el Aula de 3 años, de la Institución Montessori School - Arequipa, 2021”. Además, el objetivo general es: Explicar la importancia de la aplicación del Método Montessori para el desarrollo integral de los niños de 3 años, de la Institución Educativa Montessori School – Arequipa, 2021. Está dividido en 4 capítulos; en el capítulo I se aborda la realidad educativa; en el capítulo II se plantean los antecedentes y bases teóricas; el capítulo III está referido al árbol de problemas y actividades y finalmente en el capítulo IV, se encuentran las conclusiones y recomendaciones. De acuerdo con las revisiones teóricas, el Método Montessori, es una educación que permite que los niños de la primera infancia se desarrollen de manera integral, teniendo en cuenta que esta filosofía se basa en el desarrollo natural de las personas, creando un ambiente propicio (ambiente preparado) que satisfaga los períodos sensibles, las tendencias humanas y aprovechando el primer plano de desarrollo que está caracterizado por la mente absorbente. Además, dándole vital importancia a la preparación emocional, física y psicológica del maestro. [The present work of professional sufficiency has as title: "The Application of the Montessori Method for Integral Development in the Classroom of 3 years, of the Montessori School Institution - Arequipa, 2021". In addition, the general objective is: Explain the importance of the application of the Montessori Method for the integral development of 3-year-old children, of the Montessori School Educational Institution - Arequipa, 2021. It is divided into 4 chapters; Chapter I addresses the educational reality; in chapter II the antecedents and theoretical bases are raised; Chapter III refers to the tree of problems and activities and finally Chapter IV contains the conclusions and recommendations. According to theoretical reviews, the Montessori Method is an education that allows early childhood children to develop in an integral way, taking into account that this philosophy is based on the natural development of people, creating a conducive environment ( prepared environment) that satisfies sensitive periods, human tendencies and taking advantage of the first plane of development that is characterized by the absorbing mind. In addition, giving vital importance to the emotional, physical and psychological preparation of the teacher.]

Language: Spanish

Published: Lima, Peru, 2021

Abstract/Notes: O método Montessori, como se convencionou chamar a perspectiva pedagógica derivada do trabalho de Maria Montessori (1870-1952), foi desenvolvido, principalmente, ao longo da primeira metade do século XX. Até hoje, no entanto, há escolas, publicações e cursos para professores sendo criados em todo o mundo. Desde o início de sua história, a pedagogia montessoriana aparece frequentemente na mídia de vários países do mundo, e, em alguns momentos da história, representou tanto um fenômeno midiático quanto editorial (KRAMER, 1988). Esta pesquisa trabalhou com um arquivo de textos midiáticos, publicados desde 1911 nos Estados Unidos da América e dedicou-se à análise e à interpretação de um corpus de textos da mesma natureza. Uma ênfase da análise foi dada aos textos publicados entre os anos 2000 e 2015. O aporte teórico das análises e das reflexões expostas aqui é a Análise de Discurso filiada aos estudos do inconsciente e da ideologia, iniciada na França, por Michel Pêcheux, e desenvolvida e ampliada no Brasil por autoras como Eni Orlandi. A história da perspectiva pedagógica de que tratamos já foi explorada antes por diversos autores (STANDING, 1962; KRAMER, 1988; POVELL, 2010, entre outros), mas poucos tangenciaram o trabalho da mídia quanto a essa pedagogia, embora mencionem a importância desta mesma instância de produção, e nenhuma das publicações emprega a perspectiva discursiva, que pode oferecer outros pontos de vista e permite a interlocução de diversas áreas de estudo. Os resultados obtidos com esta pesquisa apontam para uma direção previsível e duas bifurcações importantes desta. Em primeiro lugar, como propõe a teoria da Análise de Discurso, a produção discursiva é atravessada pela ideologia, e, assim, os textos com que trabalhamos fazem parte de um conjunto de sentidos e proposições que harmonizam com o verdadeiro, como operado pela ideologia dominante. Isso tem duas consequências específicas para este corpus. Por um lado, os sentidos que caracterizam o método Montessori são vinculados a valores não estranhos ao neoliberalismo e ao discurso empreendedor: fala-se muito de diversão, e, ao mesmo tempo, de alto desempenho, liberdade, sucesso, escolha individual e liderança. Por outro lado, há uma contradição muito presente entre caracterizar-se Montessori como uma pedagogia alternativa e dizer-se que Montessori é só uma via diversa para se alcançar os mesmos fins: alto desempenho acadêmico e sucesso financeiro. Em segundo lugar, notamos a proeminência do ponto de vista adulto sobre o possível ponto de vista infantil. Os textos, especialmente a partir de 2011, fazem sentido, com frequência, construindo as vantagens que a pedagogia montessoriana representa para o adulto, segundo uma perspectiva corporativa ou empreendedora. Por meio de nossa análise, pudemos caracterizar a configuração do discurso midiático sobre o método Montessori nos Estados Unidos e compreender como os sentidos se articulam para fazer de Montessori uma perspectiva válida e positiva, ao mesmo tempo, silenciando os sentidos que, ligados a ela, poderiam ser desarmônicos e, até mesmo, arriscados para a hegemonia do verdadeiro sobre a criança e sobre a educação. [The Montessori method, as the pedagogical perspective derived from the work of Maria Montessori (1870-1952) is usually called, was developed mainly during the first half of the twentieth century. To this day, however, there are schools, publications and courses for teachers being created around the world. From the beginning of its history, Montessori pedagogy has frequently appeared in the media of several countries, and at some moments in history has represented both a mediatic and editorial phenomenon (KRAMER, 1988). This research relies on an archive of media texts published since 1911 in the United States of America and is focused on the analysis and interpretation of a corpus of texts of the same nature. Emphasis was given to those texts published between the years 2000 and 2015. The theoretical foundation for the analyzes and reflections exposed here is the Discourse Analysis affiliated to the studies of the unconscious and the ideology, initiated in France by Michel Pêcheux, and developed and expanded in Brazil by authors such as Eni Orlandi. The history of the pedagogical perspective that we have dealt with has already been explored by several authors (STANDING, 1962, KRAMER, 1988, POVELL, 2010 and others), but few have touched on the work of the media in relation to this pedagogy, although they recognize its relevance, and none of the publications adopts the discursive perspective, which can offer other points of view, allowing the interlocution with several areas of study. The results obtained with this research point to a predictable direction, and two important and novel bifurcations. First, as the theory of discourse analysis proposes, discursive production is traversed by ideology, and thus the texts we work with are part of a set of meanings and propositions that harmonize with the truth, as operated by the dominant ideology. This, in turn, has two specific consequences for this corpus. On the one hand, the meanings that characterize the Montessori method are linked to values not unfamiliar to neoliberalism and entrepreneurial discourse: much is said of fun, and at the same time high performance, freedom, and success, individual choice, and leadership. There is a very present contradiction between characterizing Montessori as an alternative pedagogy and saying that Montessori is only an alternative way to achieve the same ends: high academic performance and financial success. Secondly, we notice the prominence of the adult point of view over the possible infantile one. The texts, especially as of 2011, often make sense from the advantages that the Montessori pedagogy represents for the adult, from a corporate or entrepreneurial perspective. Through our analysis, we have been able to characterize the configuration of the media discourse on the Montessori method in the United States and to understand how the senses are articulated to make Montessori a valid and positive pedagogical perspective, while silencing the meanings that could, if linked to that, be disharmonious, and we would say risky, for the hegemony of the truth about the child and about education.]

Language: Portuguese

Published: São Paulo, Brazil, 2019

Abstract/Notes: Book Reviews

Language: Dutch

DOI: 10.18352/bmgn-lchr.5751

ISSN: 2211-2898

Language: English

Published: New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1975

Language: English

ISSN: 1054-0040

Abstract/Notes: This article reflects how to know about Montessori pedagogy and the process she followed to build it, can help future teachers to be reflective and innovative. The aim is not to suggest that student teachers should know the pedagogy of Montessori, nor that of any specific pedagogue, and to put it into practice or imitate it, without further ado. Educational literature agrees that an educational system will be as good as its teachers, and they will not be able to improve education if they simply apply methods designed by others in an uncritical and decontextualized way. After describing how Montessori came to propose her method and establish her pedagogical principles, the importance of linking theory and practice in the initial and permanent training of future teachers is underlined.

Language: Spanish

DOI: 10.17227/pys.num58-17194

ISSN: 2500-6436, 0121-2494

Abstract/Notes: This article highlights two women important for pedagogy. María Montessori was a medical doctor who initially carried out research to alleviate the tensions generated by the poor sanitary conditions the children of this society experienced and under which they were educated through traditional strategies that had to be changed. Giuseppina Pizzigoni was a teacher who imagined a new school where children, the offspring of a brutally industrialized society, could be happy while learning. For both women the children’s education, being the task of adults, parents and teachers alike, should be carried out with responsibility and new methodologies they themselves constructed and proposed. For them, the future of humanity lies in the success of this task.

Language: Spanish

DOI: 10.17227/pys.num58-17099

ISSN: 2500-6436, 0121-2494

Abstract/Notes: Un nombre important d’enseignant(e)s de l’école maternelle remettent actuellement en cause ses modalités pédagogiques habituelles en instillant dans leur pratique des éléments issus de la pédagogie Montessori. Qu’il s’agisse de l’organisation spatiale, du matériel, des usages du temps, ou du rôle de l’adulte, ces pratiques « d’inspiration montessorienne » s’avèrent très hétérogènes et plus ou moins orthodoxe. Cet article cherche à les catégoriser en distinguant des pratiques relevant d’un faible ou d’un fort engagement montessorien. Dans les deux cas, il s’agit aussi de mettre au jour d’inexorables limites à l’importation de la pédagogie Montessori au sein de l’école maternelle publique, du fait des programmes et du cadrage institutionnel. L’ensemble du raisonnement est l’occasion d’une réflexion sur l es emprunts pédagogiques partiels, lorsque des éléments d’une pédagogie sont repris sans forcément l’ensemble de ses principes fondateurs. [A significant number of french preschool teachers are currently changing their usual pedagogical methods by instilling elements from Montessori pedagogy into their practice. Concerning spatial organization, pedagogical material, uses of time, or adult’s role, these practices are very heterogeneous and more or less orthodox. This article seeks to categorize them by distinguishing practices within a weak or strong Montessori commitment. In both cases, it’s also a question of inexorable limits to the importation of Montessori pedagogy into public french preschool, due to programmes and institutional framework. This whole reasoning is an opportunity for reflection on partial pedagogical loans, when elements of a pedagogy are taken up without necessarily all its founding principles.]

Language: French

DOI: 10.3917/spec.012.0031

ISSN: 2256-7186, 2426-6272

Abstract/Notes: This paper aims to inquire about the pedagogy of María Montessori in Argentina from the point of view of the history of education. In order to achieve this goal, the historical sources analyzed were two of the most critical journals in the first half of the 20th century: El Monitor de la Educación Común and La Obra. The first was the official review of the National Education Council, which oversaw Argentinian primary education as a government organ. The second was driven by a group of teachers and was formerly known as the official representation of the New School in Argentina. This investigation looks for marks and hints on the reception among Argentinean teachers of this pedagogy, internationalized since the second decade of the 20th century, over these two journals. As the main contribution, we learn about different ways of appropriation of Montessori’s pedagogy as well as the critics of her proposal and its usage to discuss positions of power in the local pedagogy field.

Language: Spanish

DOI: 10.17227/pys.num58-17331

ISSN: 2500-6436, 0121-2494

Abstract/Notes: The cover of this issue is incorrectly numbered "132" - this is issue number 134.

Language: French