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252 results

Report

The Effects of Montessori Educational Techniques on Culturally Disadvantaged Head Start Children

Available from: ERIC

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Abstract/Notes: To determine whether significant differences exist in skill performance as a result of head start experience and to determine whether these differences exist between two ethnic groups, 17 Anglo-American [White] and 62 Mexican American [Latino] culturally disadvantaged children were pre-tested and post-tested during the summer of 1965 in connection with six-week head start programs in Costa Mesa and Fullerton, California. Five teachers using modified Montessori materials stressed three developmental areas, (1) perceptual-motor, (2) social-emotional, and (3) intellectual-academic. Seven instruments were used to test the program's effectiveness--Gesell Maturation Index, Mateer Inversion Test, tests of dominance, teacher rating scale, Goodenough-Harris D-A-P, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, and wide range achievement test. Results showed that certain handicaps do exist among culturally disadvantaged children prior to school experience and that positive gains occurred when enrichment experiences were provided. Greatest gains were in the areas of intellectual-academic and social-emotional skills. Ethnic differences appeared in the linguistic skills limitations of the Mexican American children. Need for medical and dental attention was apparent in both groups. Future provision should be made for continued preschool education and wider dissemination of health services. (LG)

Language: English

Published: Fullerton, California, Sep 1965

Article

Jardines infantiles y medio cultural

Publication: Revista (Asociación de maestros, Puerto Rico), vol. 10, no. 4

Maria Montessori - Writings

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Language: Spanish

Book

Il positivismo e la cultura italiana

Conference proceedings, Conferences, Europe, Italy, Positivism, Southern Europe

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Language: Italian

Published: Milano, Italy: Franco Angeli, 1985

Presentation

Liberty, Discipline and Pedagogy: Mapping Pathways Towards Social and Cultural Independence Through the Regulation of Activity and Attention in a Montessori Classroom

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Abstract/Notes: The term discipline weaves together, through its etymology and use, both learning and regulation, suggesting that one cannot be achieved without the other. It is in this sense, that Dr Maria Montessori applied the term as she designed her distinctive pedagogy during the first half of the twentieth century. Her aim was for children to regulate their activity and their attention through interaction with meticulously designed objects combined with precise language, including the language of educational disciplines. What distinguishes Montessori pedagogy is that children’s liberty is identified as both the means and the end of this regulation. Liberty and discipline were considered by Dr Montessori (1998 [1939], p. 41) to be ‘two faces of the same coin, two faces of the same action’. Montessori’s emphasis on liberty locates her pedagogy in the Enlightenment tradition, but her simultaneous emphasis on discipline, in both senses, reveals an orientation out of step with the tradition of Rousseau, the tradition which remains in the foreground whenever pedagogy is linked with the legacy of the Enlightenment. This paper presents Montessori’s pedagogy of liberty and discipline as one realisation of another, less visible, Enlightenment tradition. This tradition comes into clearer view when human development is perceived as socially, and therefore, semiotically, mediated (Vygotsky 1986 [1934]) and pedagogy is perceived as discipline knowledge embedded in a regulating social order (Bernstein 2000).

Language: English

Presented: University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia: Disciplinarity, Knowledge and Language (Symposium), Dec 2008

Book Section

Montessori with the Culturally Disadvantaged: A Cognitive-Developmental Interpretation and Some Research Findings

Available from: Taylor and Francis Online

Book Title: Early Formal Education: Current Theory, Research, and Practice

Pages: 105-118

African American community, African Americans, Americas, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., North America, United States of America

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Abstract/Notes: This chapter describes a small research project evaluating the effects of a Montessori pre-school program upon the cognitive development of a group of Negro children from families in the Aid to Dependent Children category. The program has involved bringing a group of these children into classrooms for middle-class children in a parent-organized Montessori school in Hyde Park. Glen Nimnicht reports that the New Nursery School project at Colorado State College has also found some decreases in IQ in permissive non-integrated classroom programs for culturally disadvantaged children. During the summer, three Head Start classrooms were held in the Ancona Montessori School in the context of a general summer school program. Two of the classrooms were integrated: they were composed of half Head Start children, half middle-class children. The children of average IQ on first testing increased as much as did the children of low IQ on first testing.

Language: English

Published: New York: Routledge, 2017

Edition: 1st

ISBN: 978-1-351-31268-4 978-1-138-52252-7

Book

Il volo tra le genti di Maria Montessori: oltre ogni confine geografico, scientifico, culturale, spirituale

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Abstract/Notes: Un libro che descrive come Maria Montessori sia andata oltre ogni confine geografico ma non solo: oltre lo stereotipo femminile del suo tempo, oltre qualsiasi gabbia politica o culturale o spirituale, mescolando tradizioni con innovazioni geniali e rivoluzionarie, lottando tenacemente per farsi accettare e poi imporsi dall’Italia all’Europa, dalla Cina agli Stati Uniti, come donna e come scienziata.

Language: Italian

Published: Roma, Italy: Fefè Editore, 2016

ISBN: 978-88-95988-77-1

Series: Pagine Vere , 29

Report

Ancona Montessori Research Project for Culturally Disadvantaged Children. September 1, 1968 to August 31, 1969. Final Report

Available from: ERIC

Academic achievement, Americas, Cognitive development, Comparative education, Early childhood care and education, Early childhood education, Elementary education, Montessori method of education, Montessori schools, North America, United States of America

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Abstract/Notes: This paper, part of a long term study, reports the effect of a modified Montessori preschool experience on cognitive development, school-related behaviors, and social interactions and perceptions of disadvantaged children. Each of thirty-five disadvantaged Negro children (31 in nursery classes and 4 in elementary classes) was pair-matched with a middle class child. In the disadvantaged group, 17 children were attending nursery classes for the first time. Pre- and posttests were made of cognitive ability, on the Stanford-Binet, Piaget tests of length conservation, and sociometric features. Also, children were rated by testers on performance and by teachers rated classroom behaviors. Data from previous years on some of the children were used in reference to long term change. Part I (nursery school) test results show that neither first nor second-year children significantly increased their I.Q. scores. Both disadvantaged and middle class children scored similarly on task orientation. Middle class children showed more friendship choices forming across social-class lines. Part II (elementary school) results present limited support for the theory that children who continue in Montessori, rather than public, school will show better school achievement. Data included school records of more than 30 children. A future study will investigate diffusion effects on mothers and younger siblings, and testing with measures more directly relevant to Montessori curriculum. (NH)

Language: English

Published: Washington, D.C., Aug 31, 1969

Report

Ancona Montessori Research Project for Culturally Disadvantaged Children. Final Report

Available from: ERIC

Academic achievement, Americas, Cognitive development, Early childhood care and education, Early childhood education, Elementary school students, Longitudinal studies, Montessori method of education, Montessori schools, North America, Parent participation, United States of America

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Abstract/Notes: This is the final report of the Ancona Montessori Research Project for Culturally Disadvantaged Children begun in 1965 to investigate the effects of a modified Montessori program for disadvantaged children in the preschool and early elementary years. This report deals with the academic year 1969-1970, in which 29 disadvantaged children and a comparable group of 29 middle class children are the central focus of study. In addition, there is a followup on the school careers of disadvantaged children who attended Ancona at one time. A number of hypotheses about the potential effects of the project on the children's cognitive, social development are studied. Part I of the report deals with findings relative to the nursery school children, and includes a discussion of data from three measures of intellectual development (Stanford Binet, WPPSI and Merrill-Palmer) and from tester and teacher ratings of school-related behaviors and attitudes and social interaction. Part II details findings on the elementary school children and followup data on children who attended Ancona in previous years but are now elementary school students in other schools. In addition, data regarding children whose families have had long term involvement in the school is discussed. The appendix includes Ancona school Head Start program ratings of behavior during individual intelligence testing. (MS)

Language: English

Published: Washington, D.C., Aug 31, 1970

Article

Potenziale umano: il respiro culturale della proposta montessoriana

Publication: Nuove ipotesi: Quaderni di cultura pedagogica per la ricerca e l'aggiornamento (Università degli Studi di Palermo. Istituto di Pedagogia), vol. 7, no. 3

Pages: 311-317

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Language: Italian

Article

Problema culturale

Publication: Tuttoscuola, vol. 3, no. 34

Pages: 27

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Language: Italian

ISSN: 0391-7967

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