Abstract/Notes: This speech was delivered on September 26, 1957 at the 11th International Montessori Congress (Rome, Italy).

Language: Italian

Published: Roma, Italy: Vita dell'infanzia, 1959

Abstract/Notes: U zadnjim desetljećima sve veći broj znanstvenika i pedagoga praktičara pokazuje interes za Montessori pedagogiju, provjerava je u praksi i potvrđuje da je riječ o modernoj, vremenu primjerenoj pedagogiji koja odgovara na razvojne potrebe suvremene djece i mladih. Brojna istraživanja pokazuju kako djeca iz Montessori škola, u usporedbi s djecom iz standardnih škola, pokazuju bolju motivaciju za učenje, višestruke interese, samostalnost i pozitivan odnos prema učenju te veću odgovornost prema zajednici. Istraživanja euroznanosti i razvojne psihologije potvrđuju postavke Montessori pedagogije o individualnom planu razvoja, koji prolazi određene stupnjeve (senzibilna razdoblja, prozori učenja) te o potrebi didaktički obliko vanog okruženja kao pomoći u individualnom razvoju. Zahtjev za slobodom, samostalnosti i samoaktivnosti Montessori je, za razliku od emancipatorske pedagogije i sociokonstruktivizma, postavila u okvire razvojne i moralne slobode i jasno defi nirala uvjete slobode i pretpostavke samostalnosti djeteta. Sloboda shvaćena kao izgradnja kompetencija za djelovanje – cilj je, ali i put, koji dijete prolazi u svome razvoju i na kojemu treba sigurnost, zaštićenost, praćenje i pomoć odraslih. Modernost Montessori pedagogije treba tražiti u znanstveno utemeljenoj psihologiji razvoja, u pedagoški oblikovanoj ponudi učenja i u pedagoškom etosu odgajatelja. [In recent decades an increasing number of scholars and pedagogues have been showing interest in the educational approach developed by Maria Montessori, applying it in practice and arguing that it is a modern and timely pedagogy that responds to the developmental needs of contemporary children and youth. Numerous surveys show that children educated in Montessori schools, in comparison to children educated in standard schools, demonstrate a greater motivation to learn, have a multiplicity of interests, display independence and a positive stance towards learning, as well as an increased sense of responsibility towards the community. Research in neuroscience and developmental psychology confi rms the hypotheses laid down by Montessori pedagogy about the individual development plan as evolving through certain stages (sensitive periods, learning windows) and about the need to have a didactically formulated environment that will support individual development. Unlike the emancipatory pedagogy and socio-constructivism, Montessori has placed the requirement for freedom, autonomy and self-activity within the bounds of a developmental and moral freedom and clearly defi ned the conditions of the freedom and the assumptions of the child’s autonomy. Freedom interpreted as a development of competencies for action represents the aim, but also the journey a child goes through during the development period when it needs safety, protection, attention and support from the adults. The contemporariness of Montessori pedagogy is to be found in scientifically-based developmental psychology, in pedagogically formulated teaching and in the pedagogical ethos of the teacher. / In den letzten Jahrzehnten wächst die Zahl von Wissenschaft lern und pädagogischen Praktikern, die sich mit der Montessori-Pädagogik beschäft igen, ihre Th esen in der Praxis überprüfen und die Meinung vertreten, dass es um eine moderne, zeitgemäße Pädagogik handelt, die auf Entwicklungsbedürfnisse der heutigen Kinder und Jugendlichen antwortet. Zahlreiche Untersuchungen bestätigen, dass die Kinder aus den Montessori-Schulen im Vergleich mit den Kindern aus den Standardschulen eine höhere Lernmotivation, vielfältigere Interessen, Selbständigkeit und positives Verhältnis zum Lernen sowie eine größere Verantwortung gegenüber der Gemeinschaft besitzen. Die im Rahmen von Neurowissenschaft en und Entwicklungspsychologie unternommenen Untersuchungen bestätigen die Hypothesen der Montessori-Pädagogik über den individuellen Entwicklungsplan, der bestimmte Stufen durchläuft (sensible Etappen, Lernfenster) sowie die Notwendigkeit einer didaktisch gestalteten Umwelt als individueller Entwicklungshilfe. Die Forderung nach der Freiheit, Selbständigkeit und Selbstaktivität stellte Montessori, im Unterschied zu emanzipatorischer Pädagogik und sozialem Konstruktivismus in den Rahmen der moralischen und Entwicklungsfreiheit und defi nierte klar die Voraussetzungen für die Freiheit und Selbständigkeit des Kindes. Die Freiheit, begriff en als Aufb au von Handlungskompetenzen, stellt das Ziel, aber auch den Weg dar, den das Kind in seiner Entwicklung zurücklegt und auf dem es Sicherheit, Geborgenheit, Hilfe und Aufsicht durch Erwachsene benötigt. Die Modernität der Montessori-Pädagogik ist in der wissenschaft lich begründeten Entwicklungspsychologie, in den pädagogisch aufb ereiteten Lernangeboten und dem pädagogischen Ethos der Erzieher zu suchen.]

Language: Croatian

ISSN: 1334-7888

Abstract/Notes: Speech delivered by author on October 13, 1956 at the 4th National Study Conference (Venice, Italy).

Language: Italian

Published: Roma, Italy: Vita dell'infanzia, 1957

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0042-7241

Language: Spanish

ISSN: 2766-7936, 2766-7944

Language: German

Language: Dutch

Published: Groningen: Gion, 1996

Abstract/Notes: Attraverso l’utilizzo di un’ampia documentazione, basata su fonti bibliografiche e archivistiche, nel presente saggio è stato individuato un filo conduttore tra due personalità femminili, tra loro molto diverse, anche dal punto di vista generazionale: Maria Montessori e Margherita Zoebeli. Le loro iniziative in campo educativo, rispettivamente durante la prima e la seconda guerra mondiale, si svilupparono a partire dai bisogni di un’infanzia segnata tragicamente dagli eventi bellici. Proprio nelle loro esperienze è possibile individuare il fulcro vitale e propulsivo di quella che oggi viene definita “pedagogia dell’emergenza”. / In this essay, through the use of an extensive documentation, based on bibliographical and archival sources, a red thread has been identified between two female personalities, who are very different from each other, not only from a generational point of view: Maria Montessori e Margherita Zoebeli. Their initiatives in the educational field, respectively during the first and the second world war, developed starting from the needs of a childhood tragically marked by the war. In their experiences it is possible to find the cornerstone of what we can define today as “Emergency Pedagogy”.

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.15160/2038-1034/1348

ISSN: 2038-1034

Abstract/Notes: In recent years, educators and workforce experts have been seeing a consensus that the new generation needs the improved skills of the 21st century. Without these skills, it is thought that the new generation cannot successfully participate in the global economy and cannot be prepared enough for the university and business life. In this study, the effectiveness of Montessori Education Approach was evaluated in the acquisition of 21st century skills. An early childhood model proposal was developed by identifying the aspects of this education method, which began a century ago and continued to be developed until 1952, and which is still valid today, are similar to 21st century skills. The 21st century skills that the P21 platform categorized and divided into themes were based on. Matching expressions of 21st century skills and principles in Montessori education were examined. The findings obtained revealed a total of 963 matching expressions of the 21st century skills and the Montesoori education approach. The fact that the Montessori method, which cannot be widely used in our country due to its financial dimension, can be placed in the National Education pre-school education program, may be the correct model, and other modern education methods (Experiential education), High-Scope Regio-Emillia Sweden Program (Whariki) are evaluated and our education system It has been suggested that the most appropriate pre-school education model should be prepared urgently. / Son yıllarda eğitimciler ve iş gücü uzmanları yeni neslin 21.yüzyılın geliştirilmiş becerilerine ihtiyaç duydukları konusunda görüş birliği içinde olduklarını görmekteyiz. Bu beceriler olmadan, yeni neslin küresel ekonomiye başarıyla katılamayacağı, üniversite ve iş hayatı için yeterince hazırlıklı olamayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada 21. yüzyıl becerilerinin kazanılmasında Montessori Eğitim Yaklaşımının etkinliği değerlendirilmiştir. Yüzyıl önce başlayıp 1952 lere kadar geliştirilmeye devam edilen ve günümüzde halen geçerliliğini koruyan bu eğitim yönteminin 21 yüzyıl becerileri ile benzeşen yönleri tespit edilerek bir erken çocukluk modeli önerisi geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmada P21 platformunun kategorilendirip temalara ayırdığı 21.yüzyıl becerileri esas alınmıştır. 21.Yy becerileri ve Montessori eğitimindeki esasların eşleşen ifadeleri incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular 21 yüzyıl becerileri ile Montessori eğitim yaklaşımının toplam 963 sayıda eşleşen ifadesini ortaya koymuştur. Ülkemizde mali boyutu nedeni ile kullanılması yaygınlaşamayan Montessori yönteminin Türk Milli Eğitim Okul Öncesi Eğitim Programının içine yerleştirilmesinin doğru bir model olabileceği ve diğer modern eğitim yöntemlerinin de (Deneyimsel eğitim (experimential education),High-Scope Regio-Emillia İsveç Programı (Whariki) değerlendirilip eğitim sistemimiz için en uygun okul öncesi eğitim modelinin acilen hazırlanmasının gerekliliği önerisinde bulunulmuştur.

Language: Turkish

ISSN: 2602-3938

Language: Spanish