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Doctoral Dissertation (Ph.D.)

An Examination of Implementation Practices in Montessori Early Childhood Education

Available from: American Montessori Society

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Abstract/Notes: This study examined to what extent Montessori early childhood education programs in one geographical region of the United States could be classified into homogeneous clusters based on teachers’ reported practices associated with Montessori education. Once identified, the characteristics defining each subgroup were described, and factors supporting or hindering the implementation of recommended practices were examined. Of particular interest was whether the teachers were intentionally or inadvertently making changes to the model, and if modifications were being made, whether these were due to situational factors or to viewpoints that differed from Montessori’s perspectives. Teachers’ beliefs about managing and motivating children were also assessed in relation to their interpretation of the Montessori method in order to examine what role, if any these beliefs played in shaping classroom practices.

Language: English

Published: Berkeley, California, 2004

Master's Thesis

Inclusive Pedagogical Practices Found in a Montessori Primary Classroom: A Case Study in Gauteng [Johannesburg]

Available from: University of Witwatersrand - Institutional Repository

Africa, Inclusive education, Montessori method of education, Montessori schools, South Africa, Southern Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa

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Abstract/Notes: In order to explore the way in which pedagogical practices are identified as being inclusive and might appear as they are used by teachers in Montessori settings, this instrumental case study is focused on finding nine inclusive pedagogical practices. The identified practices were clustered according to the themes of promoting collaboration, access to the curriculum and the recognition and acceptance of learners. Using direct observation in classrooms and individual teacher interviews as data collection methods, four teachers in Montessori primary classrooms were the main participants in this study. A combination of deductive and inductive methods was used to analyse the data. This study is set within a theoretical framework that includes Florian and Black-Hawkins’ rights-based interpretation of inclusive education in the management of a variety of learning needs among learners. The study also examines the relationship between the Montessori Method and inclusive pedagogical practices found in order to understand the extent to which the Montessori Method had an influence on the practices. The findings of this study indicate that elements such as the classroom setup, multi-age groupings and a strong focus on the individual learner had some influence on the inclusivity of the pedagogical practices observed.

Language: English

Published: Johannesburg, South Africa, 2015

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

Exploration of Implementation Practices of Montessori Education in Mainland China

Available from: Nature

Publication: Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, vol. 8

Pages: Article 250

Three-hour work cycle, Work periods

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Abstract/Notes: This descriptive research work highlights the implementation practices of Montessori education in mainland China and the concerns over Montessori education’s localization in mainland China. Localization can be understood as the adaptive process Montessori education undergoes in order to fit within Chinese culture. Two hundred and ten in-service Montessori teachers and administrators in China were surveyed to discover information concerning implementation practices in the following areas: mixed-aged classrooms, whether classrooms were co-teaching, student-to-teacher ratios, and morning and afternoon work cycles. The study found that the majority of classrooms were mixed-aged, reflecting high-fidelity Montessori practices. However, it also found that classrooms are co-teaching, have lower student–teacher ratios, and shortened work cycles, reflecting a departure from high-fidelity Montessori implementation. While localization should be considered to safeguard Montessori education’s sustainability, Chinese Montessori educators should also reflect on these findings as high implementation fidelity has been linked to better student outcomes.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1057/s41599-021-00934-3

ISSN: 2662-9992

Master's Thesis (Action Research Report)

Breathing and Behavior: The Effects of Mindfulness Practices on Work Completion and Self- Regulation in the Upper Elementary Montessori Classroom

Available from: St. Catherine University

Action research, Three-hour work cycle, Upper elementary, Work periods

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Abstract/Notes: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a mindfulness curriculum and practices on student self-regulation and work completion. The study took place in a large suburban school in western Canada with 19 participants in a grade four, five and six Montessori classroom. The intervention took place over a period of six weeks, during which the researcher led mindfulness lessons using the MindUp curriculum. Additionally, students took part in mindfulness and yoga practices daily and weekly, respectively. Data was collected using student journals, an observational tally, student work cycle folders, and student pre and post surveys. The data shows an increase in mindful and self-regulated behavior as well as improved work completion rates. It is recommended that future studies focus on a broader subject base as well as a more longitudinal period of intervention and data collection.

Language: English

Published: St. Paul, Minnesota, 2020

Doctoral Dissertation (Ed.D.)

Comparison of the Application of Maria Montessori's Language Arts Ideas and Practices in Two Periods of Development in the United States: 1909-1921 and 1953-1963

Available from: ProQuest - Dissertations and Theses

Americas, Language acquisition, Language development, Language education, Maria Montessori - Philosophy, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., North America, United States of America

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Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori's work is intimately grounded in her detailed teaching practices and the logic of their sequence, along with their underlying ideas and values, particularly in the area of language arts. There are no studies, however, which comprehensively analyze her language arts curriculum for children from three to seven as it was applied by the practitioners who fostered, interpreted, and promoted her work in America in two periods of its popularity: 1909-1921 and 1953-1963. This lack of comprehensive analysis blurs the fundamental identity and contextual coherence of Montessori's work and obscures the significant and ongoing contribution made to American education through her language arts curriculum. An analysis of Montessori's published work and those written about her was made in order to achieve a description of her language arts curriculum for the purpose of comparing her work to that of her American sponsors. To determine how Montessori's curriculum was interpreted and applied, the literature on the history of the Montessori movement was reviewed and five leaders were identified: Ann George, Alexander Graham Bell, Clara Craig, Helen Parkhurst, and Nancy McCormick Rambusch. Their writings and other primary sources were analyzed with reference to Montessori's curriculum. In some cases interviews were conducted and Montessori classrooms were observed over an extended period of time. The analysis of the activity of the leaders, within their contemporary social and educational settings revealed how Montessori's curriculum became detached from her original experimental context and was reshaped because of lack of understanding or of agreement with the sys~ tematic purpose of her educational material in the development of language arts skills, and because of varying intentions and views on how and what children should learn. The findings of the study also contribute to existing studies on the reasons for the decline of Montessori's practices by the end of the first period, and for success in the revival of her work in the second period. In addition, conclusions contribute to the unified body of knowledge needed to thoroughly identify the Montessori educational model practiced and researched by educators.

Language: English

Published: Durham, North Carolina, 1984

Article

✓ Peer Reviewed

The Early Childhood Montessori Pedagogy: Practices and Challenges in Pupils' Cognitive Development in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

Available from: Research and Scientific Innovation Society

Publication: International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, vol. 7, no. 3

Pages: 228-245

Africa, Cognitive development, Early childhood care and education, Early childhood education, East Africa, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., Sub-Saharan Africa, Tanzania

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Abstract/Notes: The Montessori educational method has seen great success in recent years. The media portrays this method in a very favourable

Language: English

ISSN: 2454-6186

Article

Montessori Practices: Options for a Digital Age

Available from: ERIC

Publication: NAMTA Journal, vol. 41, no. 2

Pages: 153-181

North American Montessori Teachers' Association (NAMTA) - Periodicals

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Abstract/Notes: Mark Powell's plea for an open-minded view on the full scope of technology that is compatible with Montessori education enriches Maria Montessori's clear modernism of welcoming science into her educational vision. Growing up digital can be intelligently managed so that "technology may offer an effective, adaptable, and easily available means … to gain independence … that may otherwise have intimidated them." Mark's enthusiasm for the right use of technology in history, writing, touch typing, information access and sharing, photography, place-based learning, and citizen science upholds technology as a supportive and educational tool for today's Montessori student. Mark offers a laundry list of technology resources to choose with commentary as to positive learning tendencies met by digital natives, millennials, and succeeding generations of young people who look to adapt to the onslaught of technological tools in carrying out life missions.

Language: English

ISSN: 1522-9734

Article

How Are You Smart?: Multiple Intelligences and Classroom Practices

Publication: NAMTA Journal, vol. 21, no. 2

Pages: 30-43

Academic achievement, Americas, Early childhood care and education, Early childhood education, Montessori method of education, Multiple intelligences, North America, North American Montessori Teachers' Association (NAMTA) - Periodicals, Teacher-student relationships, United States of America

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Abstract/Notes: Claims that each educator must discover the potentials of the learner and build on the individual's specific assortment of strengths. Presents Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, with practical implications, emphasizing that the intelligences are integrated at the application level by activities and remain separate only at the theory level. (MOK)

Language: English

ISSN: 1522-9734

Article

How Are You Smart?: Multiple Intelligences and Classroom Practices

Publication: NAMTA Journal, vol. 30, no. 2

Pages: 73-85

North American Montessori Teachers' Association (NAMTA) - Periodicals

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Language: English

ISSN: 1522-9734

Book

Early Childhood Curriculum in Chinese Societies: Policies, Practices, and Prospects

Asia, China, East Asia, Educational change, Montessori method of education

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Abstract/Notes: Although Chinese societies have generally become striking as the classic over-achievers in international measures of academic performance, there has been no specialised publication exploring early childhood curriculum in Chinese contexts. Through this book, readers will learn more about how the Chinese context and culture collide with educators’ beliefs about the right activities for children and educators in early childhood settings. This book will be the first one of its kind to focus on early childhood curriculum in Chinese societies – from social context and culture to reforms and practices, and finally to the lessons that researchers, policymakers and practitioners could learn, as well as future directions. Is play valued? Are young children schooled earlier in Chinese societies? How do Chinese children learn in kindergartens? What is valued by Chinese educators when they implement early childhood curricula? How do Chinese teachers deliver early childhood curricula for their young children? Why were Chinese early childhood curricula implemented in these ways? Answers to these questions and more will be provided in this pioneering book.

Language: English

Published: London, England: Routledge, 2019

ISBN: 978-1-351-02726-7

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