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Report

Evaluation of Prekindergarten Head Start. Year End Report, 1975-1976.

Available from: ERIC

Child development, Children with disabilities, Classroom environments, Early childhood care and education, Early childhood education, Head Start programs, Nongraded schools, Observation (Educational method), Parent-teacher relationships, Prepared environment, Teacher-student relationships

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Abstract/Notes: The Philadelphia Prekindergarten Head Start program is a child development program for three and four-year-old children from low income families which stresses an interacting and multi-disciplinary attempt to improve the child's physical and emotional health, his family relationships, and his abilities to function better as a person. The program was designed from the beginning to implement five different early childhood educational models (Bank Street, Behavior Analysis, Montessori, Open Classroom, and Responsive Learning). The 1975-1976 evaluation activities for Philadelphia's Prekindergarten Head Start program continued to focus on the major goals for children. There was found to be some range in practices among centers in terms of (1) extent of model implementation, (2) classroom differences within a model, (3) number of parent volunteers, (4) grouping practices, and (5) provisioning. Observation data yielding the above information are summarized according to model and across the total program. The Denver Developmental Screening Test (D.D.S.T.) was administered during October and April to 82% and 84% of the population respectively. In April only 1.8% of the population was identified as having a developmental delay as defined by the D.D.S.T., a decrease of about 40% from the Fall administration. While Prekindergarten Head Start children are from families of low socio-economic status, the April D.D.S.T. results confirmed, as was the case in 1974-1975, that the population screened had improved after a year of program participation so that there were far fewer children "at risk" than were found in the norming population. (Author/MV)

Language: English

Published: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Jul 1976

Book Section

Miteinander und voneinander lernen - Integrative Erziehung in Kindergarten und Schule

Book Title: Sozialerziehung in der Montessori-Pädagogik Theorie und Praxis einer "Erfahrungsschule des sozialen Lebens"

Pages: 140-158

Montessori method of education

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Language: German

Published: Münster, Germany: Lit, 2005

ISBN: 978-3-8258-8990-6

Series: Impulse der Reformpädagogik , 12

Article

The Effect of Using Montessori Method on Developing Kindergartener's Speaking and Reading skills

Available from: The Egyptian Knowledge Bank

Publication: مجلة التربية في القرن 21 للدراسات التربوية والنفسية [Journal of Education in the 21st Century for Educational and Psychological Studies], vol. 1, no. 10

Pages: 1-23 (Article 3)

Africa, Early childhood care and education, Early childhood education, Egypt, Language development, Middle East, Montessori method of education - Evaluation, North Africa, Reading - Academic achievement

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Abstract/Notes: play and have fun, the learning and teaching processes should be suited totheir nature. There is a number of known interesting learning activitieswhich are based on the arts, games and other oral activities. Thus Englishshould be taught as a means of communication and researchers should dotheir best to help EFL learners to develop their reading and speaking skills.Ur (2000: 12) declared that "out of all the four skills ,listening,speaking, reading and writing, speaking seems the most important, peoplewho speak a language are known as speakers of the language, as if speakingincluded all other kinds of knowing a target language" Today, many secondlanguage learners give the speaking skill priority in their learning because ifthey master this skill then they will be considered as if they have masteredall of the other skills.The importance of speaking is best shown with the integration of theother language skills. For instance, speaking can help students develop theirvocabulary and grammar and improve their writing skill. Ability to read isthe primary fundamental skill required for children to achieve academicsuccess. Currently, the expectation is that all children should begin readingearly and be able to read on grade level by third grade (U.S. Department ofEducation, 2002)Another way that speaking and reading are connected is throughdecoding .decoding is the process of pulling apart the sounds that each(1)letter makes, and then putting them back together to make a word.it is mucheasier for a child to sound out a word on the page that they have alreadyheard in conversation, than a completely new word. There less informationto process since the meaning and the pronunciation of the word are alreadyknown. A child who has heard more words spoken is at an advantage whenlearning to read, the skill of reading is special and often difficult to acquire.the fact that anyone learns how to read is something of a miracle. Learningto read is different from learning to speak; in the development of humanhistory, speaking precedes reading by thousands of yearsItalian educator and physician Maria Montessori developed aninnovative teaching methodology for children that left an indelible mark oneducation curricula throughout the world. Montessori education is a sensorybasedpedagogy that is based on the belief that children learn at their ownpace through manipulation of objects (Lopata, Wallace, & Finn,2005).According to Montessori, (Montessori, 1967, p.14). the goal ofeducation is “to be able to find activities that are so intrinsically meaningfulthat we want to throw ourselves into them” (Crain : 2004) confirmed thisassertion by noting that “when children find tasks that enable them todevelop their naturally emerging capacities, they become interested in themand concentrate deeply on them.In general, there is a need for more research regarding successfuleducational methods and pedagogy for this disenfranchised populationbecause the existing research does not adequately provide educationalplanners with the resources or information to develop effective programs(Williams:2001) examined the impact of the Montessori Method on(2)refugee children‟s social, cognitive and motor development using adifference-in-difference approach .The Montessori method of teachingaimed the fullest possible development of the whole child, ultimatelypreparing him for life‘s many rich experiences. Complemented by hertraining in medicine, psychology and anthropology, Dr .Maria Montessori(1870-1952) developed her philosophy of education based upon actualobservation of children.Students are assigned their own personal workstations designed witheducational items that correspond to the daily lesson plans and activities.Students are responsible for setting up the work area, choosing the learningactivity, applying the physical materials, and returning the materials back tothe shelves (Pickering: 2004).Children are always free to move around theroom and are not given deadlines for the various learning tasks. Desks arearranged into open networks that encourage meaningful group discourse, aswell as independent learning.Students work together with the teachers to organize time strategicallyin order to complete the necessary learning tasks of the day. The amount ofteachers in the classroom varies based on class size, but usually two teachersare used for sections with thirty or more students, In most settings, childrenare grouped in mixed ages and abilities based on three to six-year incrementssuch as 0-3, 3-6, 6-12, 12-15 and 15-18 (other Montessori schools use onlythree year increment settings). Ages are mixed so that older students canassist and mentor the younger children in the group. Students are groupedaccording to common interests and experiences rather than the ability andskill level (Pickering: 2004).According to Montessori, from birth to age three the child learnsprimarily through the “unconscious absorbent mind.” During education in(3)the first three years, Montessori believed that it was necessary for theparents to develop in the role of unobtrusive educator; there to protect andguide without infringing on the child‟s right to self-discovery (Crain: 2004).This early developmental model enabled children to learn their own skillsat their own place. During the ages of three to six the child begins to utilizethe “conscious absorbent mind” which prompts students to participate increative problem-solving consisting of wooden and metal objects of varioussizes and shapes, personally designed by Montessori. If a problem becomestoo difficult or overwhelming for the student, the teacher delays the projectfor a future day. Children also engage in practical work consisting ofhousehold tasks and personal maintenance.

Language: Arabic

DOI: 10.21608/jsep.2020.84322

ISSN: 2682-1931

Article

The Prospect for the Scientific Study of Kindergarten Education [with Critical Attention to the Methodology of Dr. Montessori]

Available from: HathiTrust

Publication: The Kindergarten and First Grade, vol. 2, no. 5

Pages: 189-194

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Language: English

Article

The Scientific Spirit of Education: Its Effect Upon the Kindergarten in Relation to the Distinctive Characteristics of the Montessori Method

Available from: HathiTrust

Publication: The Chautauquan, vol. 72, no. 30

Pages: 584-586

Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc.

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Language: English

Article

The Effect of the Scientific Spirit in Education Upon the Kindergarten in Relation to the Distinctive Characteristics of the Montessori Method

Available from: HathiTrust

Publication: School Journal (New York), vol. 80

Pages: 372-374

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Language: English

Book

Kinder mit Aussicht: Leben und Erleben des (inklusiven) Alltags in einem Montessori-Kindergarten

Montessori method of education

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Language: German

Published: Berlin, Germany: Lit, 2016

ISBN: 978-3-643-13450-9 3-643-13450-9

Series: Impulse der Reformpädagogik , 32

Article

El Método Montessori, su influencia en los Jardines de Infantes [The Montessori Method, its influence in Kindergartens]

Available from: Biblioteca Digital Casa de la Cultura de Ecuador (CCE)

Publication: Revista Ecuatoriana de Educación, vol. 6, no. 23

Pages: 90-94

Americas, Ecuador, Latin America and the Caribbean, Montessori method of education - Criticism, interpretation, etc., South America

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Language: Spanish

Article

Barnträdgården och Montessori [Kindergarten and Montessori]

Publication: Barnträdgården [The Kindergarten], vol. 2, no. 1-2

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Language: Swedish

Conference Paper

An Analysis of a Public School Prekindergarten Bilingual Montessori Program

Available from: National Center for Montessori in the Public Sector (NCMPS)

Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association

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Abstract/Notes: Also available at: https://crdlla.tamu.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/36/2019/12/AERA-2003-Montessori-Education.pdf

Language: English

Published: Chicago, Illinois, Apr 24, 2003

Pages: 30

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