Abstract/Notes: Este artículo aborda la pedagogía científica de Montessori y cómo con sus investigaciones y la creación de las casas de niños se formalizan e instalan en la escuela moderna discursos y prácticas médicas, biológicas, antropológicas y psicológicas en el campo de la pedagogía. Influenciada por las teorías de Lombroso y de Darwin, consideraba que el ser humano no era más que una célula compuesta por protoplasma y núcleo del tamaño de una décima de milímetro del cual proceden individuos muy diferentes entre sí. Por tanto, para realizar y entender las investigaciones prácticas de la antropología con fines pedagógicos, se requieren suficientes nociones de biología y del aporte de otras disciplinas con las cuales la pedagogía tiene afinidad. De ahí la importancia de mostrar y cuestionar los efectos de estos discursos y prácticas sobre la concepción de una pedagogía activa, lejana ya de la preocupación por la formación del niño en su relación consigo mismo, con el saber y con el mundo, enunciados pedagógicos que pierden vigencia en el funcionamiento de la escuela propuesta por Montessori. Para tal fin se toman como referencia algunos conceptos de Foucault (población, políticas, normalización, prácticas de saber) en la perspectiva de la noción de biopolítica. [This article deals with Montessori’s scientific pedagogy and how his researches and the creation of houses for children become official, as well as how discourses and medical, biological, anthropological and psychological practices are installed in the pedagogy field in modern schools. Influenced by the theories of Lombroso and Darwin, he considered that human beings were no more than a cell composed by a protoplasm and nucleus the size of a tenth of a millimeter, from where individuals who are very different from each other come from. This is why, in order to understand and carry out the practical researches of anthropology with pedagogical purposes, enough notions of biology are required, as well as the collaboration of other disciplines that work side by side with pedagogy. Thus the importance to show and question the effects of these discourses and practices regarding the conception of an active pedagogy, far from the concern for the child’s education in terms of his relationship with himself, knowledge and the world, pedagogical statements that lose validity in the operation of the school proposed by Montessori. For such purpose, some concepts from Foucault are taken as reference (population, policies, normalization, knowledge practices) in the perspective of the notion of bio-politics.]

Language: Spanish

ISSN: 0120-6680

Language: French

Published: Paris, France: Association Montessori de France, 2001

ISBN: 2-9518450-0-6 978-2-9518450-0-8

Language: English

Language: German

Published: Münster, Germany: Lit, 2002

ISBN: 978-3-8258-5746-2

Series: Impulse der Reformpädagogik , 7

Language: Dutch

Published: Groningen: Gion, 1996

Abstract/Notes: The present research is based on Montessori pedagogical methodology. Created by Maria Montessori, this is a set of theories, practices and didactic materials. According to Montessori, the most important fact is not the material or the practice, but the possibility of developing the child's abilities from the evolution of each. From this, the proposal is the development of a children's furniture - a bed - from the study proposed by Montessori, considering characteristics of child development, children's furniture and ergonomics. The projects a product that contributes to the child developing in its ‘natural time’ with freedom and autonomy. / A presente pesquisa tem base na metodologia pedagógica montessoiana. Criada por Maria Montessori, trata-se de um conjunto de teorias, práticas e materiais didáticos. De acordo com Montessori, o fato mais importante não é o material ou a prática, mas a possibilidade do desenvolvimento das habilidades da criança a partir da evolução de cada um. A partir disso, a proposta é o desenvolvimento de um mobiliário infantil – uma cama – a partir do estudo proposto por Montessori, considerando características do desenvolvimento infantil, mobiliário infantil e ergonomia. O projeto é de um produto que contribua para que a criança se desenvolva em seu “tempo natural” com liberdade e autonomia.

Language: Portuguese

Published: São Paulo, Brazil, 2018

Language: German

Language: Dutch

Language: Dutch

Language: German