Abstract/Notes: Book Review

Language: French

Abstract/Notes: Montessori education is distinct for its implementation in 154 countries around the world. Lacking a Montessori trademark or comprehensive overseeing body, the expansion of the Montessori approach has often been diffuse and fragmented among competing organizations. The absence of centralized, accurate, and consistent accounting has made it difficult to document the scope, growth trends, and diverse populations of students served in Montessori schools. The primary objective of this study was to gather evidence to support a robust estimate of the number of Montessori schools worldwide. This estimate relies on national and regional organizations’ broadest definitions of what constitutes a Montessori program. The study included two components: a survey of regional and national Montessori organizations and supplemental sources, including other published estimates and direct inquiries within key countries. Multiple sources allowed for triangulating data to reach a more confident estimate for the number of schools in each country and for synthesizing global perspectives on significant elements of Montessori fidelity worldwide. Through these sources, we document a total of 15,763 Montessori schools around the globe, roughly 9% of which are government funded. Countries with the largest number of Montessori schools are the United States, China, Thailand, Germany, Canada, and Tanzania; the United States, Thailand, the Netherlands, and India have the largest number of government-funded or public Montessori programs. Results of the fidelity analysis identified six practices that emerge consistently as central pillars of Montessori implementation.

Language: English

ISSN: 2378-3923

Language: German

ISSN: 0044-3247

Language: Dutch

Language: Hungarian

Published: Budapest, Hungary, 2006

Language: English

Published: Rossmoor, California: American Montessori Consulting, 1988

ISBN: 0-929487-00-1

Abstract/Notes: This article deals with the first twenty years (1911-1934) of the presence of the Montessori Method in France. The reconstruction is based on written evidences and on the main actors’ experiences in the implementation of Maria Montessori’s ideas. This historical outline allows to better recognise the reasons why Montessori’s educative principles were not welcomed in France so warmly as in other European countries. Several initiatives took indeed place, but they remained insubstantial because they were almost always the result of efforts carried by single persons rather than institutions.

Language: French

ISSN: 1971-1093, 1971-1131

Abstract/Notes: La littérature pédagogique préconise que toute action éducative doit tenir compte des principes tels que: la continuité dans l'éducation du jaune, la cohérence entra les valeurs éducatives et les pratiques éducatives au quotidien, ainsi que le respect de l'enfant tout au long de sa formation. L'examen de la pratique scolaire courante soulève cependant une certaine incohérence entre ce qui se fait réellement dans les écoles et les intentions annoncées dans les textes officiels des pouvoirs organisateurs, d'une part, et d'autre part une certaine discontinuité entre les différents cycles scolaires successifs. De là nous est venue l'idée de comprendre comment peut-on assurer cohérence et continuité dans un système éducatif. Le système de la pédagogie Montessori est une preuve qu'on peut assurer cohérence et continuité tout au long d'un processus éducatif, c'est-à-dire à partir des intentions énoncées dans les programmes jusqu'aux actions quotidiennes dans les classes. L'objectif de cette recherche est de découvrir quels éléments favorisent la cohérence et la continuité de cette méthode. Pour ce faire, il nous a fallu d'abord établir, à un niveau général, un parallèle entre les valeurs de références, les buts et les objectifs préconisés par le MEQ et ceux préconisés par la méthode Maria Montessori. Nous sommes arrivés au constat que les deux modèles mettent de l'avant à peu de chose près, les mêmes valeurs et les mêmes objectifs éducatifs. Donc, au niveau des intentions peu de choses distinguent les deux modèles. Par exemple, nous avons retenu trois grandes valeurs communes: premièrement l'individualisation et le respect des besoins de l'enfant, deuxièmement l'autonomie et la liberté, et finalement la relation maître-élève de type guide. Toujours à ce niveau général, nous avons défini et analysé les grands concepts utiles à la compréhension de notre démarche (notion de paradigme, de vision éducative, de projet éducatif, de conception de l'éducation, de courant, d'approche, de pratique, de technique et de fait pédagogiques). Une fois ce cadre de référence établi, nous avons ensuite examiné un premier niveau de traduction des intentions en acte, c'est-à-dire celui des programmes éducatifs et de l'organisation scolaire. Afin de se rapprocher du concret, nous avons également étudié les différentes méthodes d'intervention auprès des élèves. Une fois les deux systèmes analysés, nous avons tenté de démontrer la cohérence et la continuité montessoriennes, à partir des observations dans des classes Montessori et des données théoriques amassées tout aussi bien au cours d'une formation des maîtres Montessori que dans la littérature. Nous avons ainsi confronté aux critères et dimensions d'analyse des modèles de Paquette et Houssaye les trois catégories des faits observables en classe que sont l'aménagement physique, les activités d'apprentissage et l'intervention pédagogique; ceci pour voir si ces faits pédagogiques sont en cohérence et en continuité avec les niveaux en amont du système (Paquette) ou avec les dimension du «Triangle pédagogique» (Houssaye). Les résultats de nos analyses confirment que le système montessorien, par son organisation rigoureuse et systématique, permet d'assurer plus de cohérence et de continuité entre les valeurs et les principes éducatifs annoncés au départ et la pratique quotidienne dans les classes. Cette constatation nous permet de comprendre que la notion de projet éducatif, définit par Paquette comme étant un processus continu fondé sur une éducation cohérente implique nécessairement la continuité et de cohérence des gestes au quotidien. En effet, un projet éducatif efficace, assure un travail d'équipe; est porteur d'une tradition éducative; engendre un souci de clarté et de transparence au niveau des actions collectives et individuelles; stimule l'analyse réflexive de tous les partenaires issus du même projet, pour finalement se centrer sur la qualité des apprentissages et redonner à l'élève la place qui lui revient au coeur de son propre développement.

Language: French

Published: Saguenay, Quebec, Canada, 1998

Language: German

ISSN: 0952-8652

Abstract/Notes: Bu çalışmanın amacı okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların matematiksel akıl yürütme becerilerinde Montessori materyalleri destekli bireysel ve işbirlikli matematik etkinliklerinin etkilerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada 'öntest sontest kontrol gruplu desen' uygulanmıştır. Çalışmaya Kırklareli il merkezinde bulunan Y Lisesi Uygulama Anasınıfı'ndaki deney 1 grubunu oluşturan 15, deney 2 grubunu oluşturan 15 ve X Anaokulu'ndaki kontrol grubunu oluşturan 15 çocuk olmak üzere toplam 45 çocuk katılmıştır. Uygulama deney 1 grubunda Montessori materyalleri destekli bireysel matematik etkinlikleri, deney 2 grubunda Montessori materyalleri destekli işbirlikli matematik etkinlikleri ve kontrol grubunda MEB (2013) Okul Öncesi Eğitim Programı destekli matematik etkinlikleri ile sürdürülmüştür. Veri toplama aracı olarak, kişisel bilgi formu ve 'Erken Matematiksel Akıl Yürütme Becerileri Değerlendirme Aracı' kullanılmıştır. 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılı güz döneminde toplanan verilerin analizinde Kruskal Wallis Testi ve Mann Whitney U Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın birinci hipotezi kapsamında elde edilen bulgularda deney 1 ve kontrol grubunu oluşturan çocukların matematiksel akıl yürütme becerisine ilişkin performansı arasında deney 1 grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın ikinci hipotezi kapsamında elde edilen bulgularda deney 2 ve kontrol grubunu oluşturan çocukların matematiksel akıl yürütme becerisine ilişkin performansı arasında deney 2 grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın üçüncü hipotezi kapsamında elde edilen bulgularda deney 1 ve deney 2 grubunu oluşturan çocukların matematiksel akıl yürütme becerisine ilişkin performansı arasında deney 2 grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın dördüncü hipotezi kapsamında elde edilen bulgularda deney 1, deney 2 ve kontrol grubunu oluşturan çocukların matematiksel akıl yürütme becerisine ilişkin performansının cinsiyete göre anlamlı fark göstermediği bulunmuştur. / The aim of this study is to analyse the effects of individual and cooperative mathematics activities supported by Montessori materials on mathematical reasoning skills of pre-school children. In the study, "pre-test post-test control group design" technique was applied. The study included a total of 45 children, 15 of which constituted the experimental group-1; 15 of which constituted the experimental group-2 in the Y High School Practice Pre-School in Kırklareli city centre, and 15 of them constituted the control group in the X Kindergarten. The application was carried out by using the Montessori Materials Supported Individual Math Activities in the experimental group-1, Montessori Materials Supported Cooperative Math Activities in the experimental group-2, and mathematics activities supported by MEB (2013) Preschool Education Program in the control group. Personal data form and "Early Mathematical Reasoning Skills Assessment Tool" were used as data collection tools. Kruskal Wallis Test and Mann Whitney U Test were used to analyse the data collected in the fall semester of 2018-2019 academic year. In the results obtained under the first hypothesis of the study, there was a statistically significant difference between the performance of experimental group-1 and the control group in terms of mathematical reasoning skills in favour of experimental group-1. In the results obtained under the second hypothesis of the study, there was a statistically significant difference between the performance of experimental group-2 and the control group in terms of mathematical reasoning skills in favour of experimental group-2. In the results obtained under the third hypothesis of the study, there was a statistically significant difference between the performance of experimental group-1 and the experimental group-2 in terms of mathematical reasoning skills in favour of experimental group-2. In the results obtained under the fourth hypothesis of the study, it was found that the performance of the children constituting the experimental group-1, the experimental group-2 and the control group regarding mathematical reasoning were not significantly different according to the gender.

Language: Turkish

Published: Kırklareli, Turkey, 2019