Abstract/Notes: Most compensatory early childhood programs are based on an assumption of linguistic and cognitive deficits which must be remedied if the Negro child is to succeed in school, but much collected data questions this assumption. The language of many lower class Negro children has been shown to be well-ordered and highly structured, although the dialect differs from standard English. A body of literature has appeared which terms the Negro mother inadequate, but newer insight, illustrated by the work of Virginia Heyer Young, recognizes that the Negro has a culture and life style which is meaningful and well-defined. Culture and race are too often used interchangeably, and early intervention programs have been created which are ethnocentric and lack cross-cultural perspective. Suggestions are given for ways in which the school needs to be restructured to take advantage of these observed cultural differences, particularly in regard to language and reading. Intervention is seen as necessary, but it should assume a culture conflict, rather than a culture deficit, viewpoint.

Language: English

Published: New York, New York: American Montessori Society, Jun 1970

Pages: 17 p.

Abstract/Notes: Educational researchers are increasingly focused on evidence-based and holistic classroom assessment practices that encompass the teacher’s understanding of clear purposes and targets for assessment, as well as appropriate methodologies to yield accurate results and improve outcomes for all children. Montessori educators’ child-centered approach to observing and documenting children’s learning are aligned with formative-assessment practices like portfolios, which are assessments that take place throughout the learning process and which researchers are showing yield strong benefits for student learning. In addition, Montessori learning materials contain elements of embedded assessment designed to give evaluative feedback directly to the student as a natural part of the learning process. This chapter provides an overview of Montessori classroom assessment, discusses observation as the integral assessment strategy in Montessori education, assessment embedded in Montessori materials, and outlines current directions in Montessori assessment.

Language: English

Published: New York, New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2023

ISBN: 978-1-350-27561-4 978-1-350-27560-7 978-1-350-27562-1

Series: Bloomsbury Handbooks

Language: Dutch

ISSN: 0166-588X

Abstract/Notes: Includes a photograph. Article Text: "La Casa dei Bambini" è stata aperta ieri nel palazzo dell'Educazione. Aperta all'infanzia, aperta alla scienza nuova, aperta alle maestre, aperta alle madri. Il bambino, questa complessa natura in formazione, questa creature racchiudente in sé il nostro passato e il nostro avvenire, è entrato nell'Esposizione con il suo buon sorriso, la sua mente vergine e il suo "io" libero per opera di una grande educatrice italiana, della dottoressa Montessori. Una folla di maestre e madri, di curiosi e di studiosi osservava da fuori della "Casa dei Bambini" la prima lezione che la signorina Helen Parkhurst impartiva a una decina di bambini. "Impartiva" non è esatto, perchè i bimbi agivano volontariamente, liberamente appena avuta una parola che stimolasse le loro attività cercando disciplinarle verso un dato concetto, un dato fatto psicologico, che è poi il primo passo verso l'acquisizione di speciali attitudini mentali e morali. E i bimbi pulivano la mobilia o si baloccavano con speciali oggetti ideati e costruiti con lo scopo di sviluppare un dato loro senso, di affinare una data loro percezione, senza coartare la lore libertà. La signora Montessori, durante la lezione, è rimesta fuori della "Casa dei Bambini", osservando con sapiente occhio materno quanto facevano i bambini. Le lezioni si svolgono dalle 9am alle 12, e i bambini che le frequentano sono una trentina. Il più piccolo ne ha quattro. Questi 30 bimbi sono stati scelti fra 2500 i cui loro genitori avevano chiesto che fossero ammessi alla "Casa dei Bambini".

Language: Italian

ISSN: 2637-5400

Language: English

Published: New Delhi: Association of Delhi Montessorians, 1971

Abstract/Notes: The first edition of 'The Absorbent Mind' was published in English by Kalakshetra (Madras, India) in 1949. In 1952, Montessori wrote a fully revised edition in Italian, published by Garzanti in 1952. This was the first Italian edition, entitled 'La Mente del Bambino'. This current edition is a translation by Claude Claremont of the Italian 1952 edition.

Language: English

Published: Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Montessori-Pierson Publishing Company, 2007

Series: The Montessori Series , 1

Abstract/Notes: This systematic literature review and content analysis was conducted to ascertain what research from different countries have found regarding the development of environmental awareness in the early years. Environmental awareness in the context of this study speaks to an understanding of the symbiotic relationship of the different entities coexisting within the environment. Research has shown that as children’s environmental knowledge increases, their personal attitudes are modified to more pro-environmental ways. Environmental awareness, over time, may also support children to develop a sense of identity that goes beyond the individual and encompasses how they see themselves as living cohesively as part of the environment through socialization and experience. This systematic literature review and content analysis explored what programs and practices exist in different parts of the world that engage children in various activities in biodiverse places, to support the development of their environmental awareness, which is based on their geographical location, culture, and socialization. To determine how children are supported as they develop their environmental awareness, this content analysis reviewed 80 articles from 15 countries. The findings of this systematic content analysis revealed that research from 15 countries across the world embrace the discourse of early childhood environmental education, but with different foci and objectives. These differences are sometimes determined based on social interactions, family values, community norms, national curricula, geographical locations, and culture. This systematic content analysis also revealed that young children can recognize interdependency and develop relationships with other-than-humans within the environment through programs such as nature schools, place-based education, forest schools, and other kindergarten programs. This recognition enables children to honour themselves as humans to survive and to become mindful of the needs of other entities within the environment and of the need to exist interdependently. Through programs and practices as revealed by the systematic content analysis children can deepen their environmental awareness, see themselves as part of the environment, and perhaps can then go on to participate in decision-making and action initiatives to sustain and support the environment.

Language: English

Published: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, 2022

Abstract/Notes: During the transition period in Hungary the role of the market has become more significant, and several market elements have appeared in education, as well. The growing social demand for schooling resulted in the huge expansion of secondary and higher education. Schools try to match the demand with the supply in a colourful variety of programmes. However, public education in Hungary struggles with very great problems of inequalities.

Language: English

DOI: 10.1111/j.1465-3435.2006.00247.x

ISSN: 0141-8211

Abstract/Notes: Montessori education in the UK surged in the early twentieth century including courses taught biannually by Maria Montesori and public Montessori programs in the London borough of Acton. A second wave, from 1946 onwards, was led by Montessori teacher training including an innovative distance learning curriculum, which reinvigorated Montessori education in the UK and overseas. Since the 1990s, parental demand, political interest and funding for preschool has expanded Montessori in early childhood education. In 2019, there were approximately 850 Montessori early childhood centers in the UK, many receiving government subsidies with a more limited number of Montessori schools serving older children. The fact that Montessori is delivered primarily in private schools and also in the early childhood sector in the UK places it in the middle of longstanding tensions between private and government-funded education.

Language: English

Published: New York, New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2023

ISBN: 978-1-350-27561-4 978-1-350-27560-7 978-1-350-27562-1

Series: Bloomsbury Handbooks

Abstract/Notes: Проблема повышения уровня преподавания в сфере общего и профессионального образования является одной из наиболее значимых в современной педагогике. В связи с этим современные дидакты внимательно изучают наследие своих выдающихся предшественников, – педагогов прошлого. К числу таких ученых, оставивших неповторимый след в педагогической науке и практике, относится американская учительница Хелен Паркхерст (1886-1973). Статья написана в связи с 135-летием со дня рождения Х. Паркхерст.Американская учительница-новатор Хелен Паркхерст, наряду с Марией Монтессори, нарушила монополию мужчин на право считаться крупным ученым в области педагогики. Ее педагогическая деятельность включала в себя стремление к постоянному профессиональному самосовершенствованию, поиску новых путей в решении встававших перед ней педагогических проблем. Ее главным методическим достижением стала разработка Дальтон-плана, в соответствии с которым она успешно перестроила работу в одной из американских школ. Методическая новация Паркхерст получила одобрение со стороны вначале педагогов США, а затем повсюду в мире. В СССР в 1920-1930-х гг. этот метод также активно использовался, правда, без особого успеха. Применение Дальтон-плана в советской школе нашло отражение в ряде произведений художественной литературы (М. Г. Розанов, Н. И. Кочин). Методические идеи Хелен Паркхерст в наши дни крайне востребованы и активно используются в современной образовательной практике многих стран мира, в том числе в России. В то же время их позитивный потенциал еще не вполне изучен и освоен, поэтому наследие Х. Паркхерст заслуживает дальнейшего внимательного исследования дидактами и историками педагогики. / The problem of raising the level of teaching in the field of general and vocational education is one of the most significant in modern pedagogy. In this regard, modern didactic students are carefully studying the legacy of their outstanding predecessors, teachers of the past. The American teacher Helen Parkhurst (1886-1973) is one of these scientists who left an inimitable mark on pedagogical science and practice. The article was written in connection with the 135th anniversary of the birth of H. Parkhurst. The American teacher-innovator Helen Parkhurst, along with Maria Montessori, violated the monopoly of men on the right to be considered a major scientist in the field of pedagogy. Her pedagogical activity included the desire for constant professional self-improvement, the search for new ways in solving the pedagogical problems that confronted her. Her main methodological achievement was the development of the Dalton Plan, according to which she successfully restructured work in one of the American schools. The methodical innovation of Parkhurst was approved first by educators in the United States, and then all over the world. In the USSR in the 1920-1930s. this method was also actively used, however, without much success. The use of the Dalton plan in the Soviet school was reflected in a number of works of fiction (M. G. Rozanov, N. I. Kochin). The methodological ideas of Helen Parkhurst are extremely in demand these days and are actively used in modern educational practice in many countries of the world, including Russia. At the same time, their positive potential has not yet been fully explored and mastered, so the legacy of Helen Parkhurst deserves further careful study by didactics and historians of pedagogy.

Language: Russian

DOI: 10.32744/pse.2022.2.31

ISSN: 2307-2334