Abstract/Notes: Montessori çocukların duyusal deneyimleri aracılığıyla yeni bilgiler edinmelerine yardımcı olan bir yaklaşımdır. Montessori yönteminde müzik eğitimi okulöncesi dönemdeki çocukların müzikal beğenilerini geliştirmeyi hedefler. Montessori yaklaşımında çocuğun müzikal çevresindeki temel amaç müzikal potansiyellerine ulaşmaları konusunda onlara rehberlik etmektir. Montessori yöntemi birçok ülkede yaygın olarak uygulanmaktadır. Son yıllarda ülkemizde de yaygınlaşmaya başlayan bu yöntem, daha çok genel öğrenme alanlarını kapsamaktadır. Ancak Montessori yönteminde, özellikle çocukların 3-6 yaş arası duyusal döneminde sanat eğitiminin de önemli bir yer tuttuğu bilinmektedir. Yurt dışında yapılan araştırmalar, müzik eğitiminin Montessori yöntemi içinde önemli bir yerinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırma, Türkiye’de Montessori anaokullarındaki müzik uygulamalarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmanın Montessori yönteminde müzik eğitimi ile ilgili çalışmaları incelemek ve Türkiye’deki Montessori anaokullarındaki müzik uygulamaları hakkında durum saptaması gerçekleştirmek bakımından yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Araştırmanın verileri, bu alanda yapılan araştırmalar incelenerek ve Türkiye’de Montessori anaokullarında çalışmakta olan eğitimcilere uygulanan anket sonuçlarına göre elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; Montessori yöntemiyle eğitim veren anaokullarının %67’sinin “Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı’na” bağlı olduğu, %72’sinin “günlük programlarında müzik dersine yer verdiği”, %67’sinde müzik derslerinin “müzik öğretmeni” tarafından gerçekleştirildiği ve okulların %89’unda “Montessori müzik materyallerinin” bulunduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Müzik materyallerinin kullanımına yönelik yapılan araştırmada ise, anaokullarının %17’sinde Montessori müzik materyallerinin “hepsinin”, %22’sinde “bir” ve %50 ‘ sinin ise “birkaç” müzik materyaline sahip olduğu, %11’inde de “hiçbir” Montessori müzik materyalinin bulunmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Anaokullarının %78’ inde Montessori müzik materyalleri dışında “vurmalı çalgıların” kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. / Montessori is an approach that helps children gain new information via sensorial experiences. Music education with the Montessori method aims to develop musical tastes of children in preschool period. The main purpose in Montessori approach is to guide children to reach their musical potential in their musical environment. Montessori method is of common use in many countries. This method started to become more common in our country in recent years and it covers learning areas. However, it is known that Montessori method has an important place in art education especially with children between ages 3-6 in their sensory period. The studies done abroad show that Montessori method has an important place in music education. This research is done to detect the music applications of Montessori in Montessori preschools in Turkey. Towards this purpose, this study is expected to be beneficial for analyzing the studies on music education with Montessori method and detecting the music applications in Montessori preschools in Turkey. The data of this study was obtained via analyzing the studies in this field and by conducting a survey with the instructors working in Montessori preschools in Turkey. According to the results of this study, among the Montessori preschools, 67% is connected to the Ministry of Family and Social Services, 72% has music courses in their daily curriculum, 67% has music courses conducted by a music instructor and 89% has Montessori music materials. Based on the results of the research done about the usage of the musical materials, it has been found that among the preschools, 17% have all the Montessori music materials, 22% have one music material, 50% have a few music materials and 11% do not possess any of the Montessori music materials. It was seen that 78% of the preschools make use of percussion instruments besides the Montessori music materials.

Language: Turkish

ISSN: 1304-8880

Abstract/Notes: <正> 意大利女教育家,蒙台梭利法的创始人。作为意大利女性,最初毕业于罗马大学医学系,后到法国钻研特殊儿童的治疗。1899年任国立异常儿童学校校长,1909年任罗马大学讲师。1907年在罗马贫民街开设“幼儿之家”,采用自己考察的教育法,引起了世界的注目。她在人类学、生理学、异常心理学等领域潜心钻研,积累了实践经验,充分有效地利用

Language: Chinese

ISSN: 1671-1610

Language: German

DOI: 10.5169/seals-901872

ISSN: 1424-845X

Language: English

ISSN: 1054-0040

Abstract/Notes: The Montessori method is a method of teaching children according to their childhood personality. This method focuses the attention of children individually (child/student focus), focuses on practical life skills, freedom, independence, and pays attention to the child's sensitive period. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, learning is carried out online using multimedia technology with an internet network with the flexibility of being able to hold meetings between teachers and children to carry out learning interactions. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of learning through the Montessori method during the covid-19 pandemic. Research subjects were selected using a non-probable sampling technique: target sampling (sampling with certain considerations). This study used five subjects at Kinderworld Montessori: the principal, two teachers at Kindergarten 1 and Kindergarten 2, and 2 parents. This research was analyzed by descriptive qualitative method. This study uses in-depth interviews and documentation to collect data with the analysis process using the Miles & Huberman method, namely, through four stages, namely data reduction, data display, conclusions and data verification. Based on the results of interviews with research subjects, it can be concluded that, during a pandemic learning activities using the Montessori method can be said to be relatively going well, but the percentage is not up to 100% as when learning is done offline, the reason is because the materials used when doing Montessori activities are substituted. or replaced with equipment that is relatively the same as the equipment available at home, even so the teacher still ensures that the learning outcomes of the Montessori Method are achieved well. Metode Montessori adalah metode mengajarkan anak sesuai dengan kepribadian masa kecilnya. Metode ini memfokuskan perhatian anak secara individual (fokus anak/siswa), memfokuskan kemampuan Practical life, kebebasan, kemandirian, serta memperhatikan Masa peka anak. Akibat dari Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara Daring menggunakan teknologi multimedia dengan jaringan internet yang fleksibilitas mampu melakukan pertemuan antara guru dan anak untuk melaksanakan interaksi pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran melalui metode montessori selama pandemi covid-19. Subyek penelitian dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik non-probable sampling: target sampling (pengambilan sampel dengan pertimbangan tertentu). Penelitian ini menggunakan lima subjek di Kinderworld Montessori: kepala sekolah, dua guru di Kindergarten 1 dan Kindergarten 2, dan 2 orang tua Murid. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi untuk mengumpukan data dengan proses analisis menggunakan metode Miles&Huberman yaitu, melalui empat tahapan yaitu reduksi data, display data, kesimpulan serta verifikasi data. Berdasarkan dari hasil wawancara dengan subjek penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa, saat pandemic kegiatan pembelajaran Menggunakan metode Montessori bisa dikatakan relative berjalan dengan baik, namun presentase nya tidak sampai 100% seperti saat pembelajaran dilakukan secara Offline, alasannya adalah karena Material yang digunakan ketika berkegiatan Montessori di Subtitusi atau diganti dengan peralatan yang relative sama dengan peralatan yang tersedia dirumah, meski begitu guru tetap memastikan capaian pembelajaran Metode Montessori nya tercapai dengan baik.

Language: Indonesian

ISSN: 2580-9679, 2581-2823

Language: English

Abstract/Notes: La pédagogie Montessori semble aujourd’hui bien installée dans le paysage des pédagogies alternatives. Ses particularités : un héritage de l’Éducation nouvelle, une rupture avec la forme scolaire, mais aussi, par l’intermédiaire d’un matériel médiateur, un changement dans relation éducative adultes / enfants. Comment la qualifier ? Quels sont ses spécificités, ses invariants ? Parce qu’elle repose sur des valeurs comme l’épanouissement de l’élève, le développement de ses capacités, de ses réussites ; mais aussi sur une posture de l’adulte-éducateur particulière, suffisamment en retrait pour ne pas gêner l’élève, tout en étant une ressource, une béquille, une source de motivation pour se mettre au travail, cette pédagogie pourrait, pour ces raisons, contribuer au bien-être de l’élève à l’école. Et s’il s’agissait d’une éthique éducative basée sur l’empathie ? C’est en mettant en perspective certains écrits de la pédagogue avec des exemples de situations de classe que nous proposons de réfléchir à cette question, en adoptant une posture de recherche qui mêle l’herméneutique textuelle et l’observation ethnographique. / The Montessori method seems to be well established in the landscape of alternative pedagogies today. Its particularities: a heritage of the Progressive Education, a rupture of the formal schooling, but also through the intermediary of a mediating material, a change in the educational relationship between adults and children. How can it be qualified? What are its specificities, its invariants? Because it is based on values related to the development of the student, to his capacities, to his successes; but also on a very particular role of the adult educator, sufficiently step back in order not to disturb the pupil, while being a resource, a crutch, a source of motivation to start working, this method seems, for these reasons, to contribute to the well-being of the student in school. Should it be an educational ethic based on empathy? It is by putting into perspective some writings of the pedagogue with examples of class situations that we propose to reflect on this question, by adopting a research posture that mixes textual hermeneutics and ethnographic observation.

Language: French

DOI: 10.4000/edso.22685

ISSN: 0992-3705

Language: English

Language: German

Abstract/Notes: The author of the article presents a fragment of her own research on selected aspects of Marita Montessori's pedagogy. Surveys conducted among students and post-graduates provided information on the knowledge of the Montessori Method and the assumptions of her concepts, principles, ways of working in the Montessori system. It was determined whether the participants in the study know what the objectives are and have the knowledge of the content and methods of education and training in the Montessori system as well as to what extent they know the developmental material used in working with preschoolers. The most valuable is the material containing the assessment of the possibility of introducing the concept into Polish kindergartens. The collected research output allowed us to formulate postulates which, among other things, concern taking further actions in order to promote the aforementioned concept. / Autorka artykułu przedstawia fragment badań własnych dotyczących wybranych aspektów Pedagogiki Marii Montessori. Przeprowadzone badania sondażowe wśród studentów i słuchaczy studiów podyplomowych dostarczyły odpowiedzi na temat znajomości Montessori i założeń jej koncepcji, zasad, sposobów pracy w systemie montessoriańskim. Ustalono, czy uczestniczące w badaniu wiedzą jakie są cele, treści oraz metody wychowania i kształcenia w systemie pedagogicznym Montessori oraz w jakim zakresie znają materiał rozwojowy stosowany w pracy z dzieckiem w wieku przedszkolnym. Najcenniejsze są treści zawierające ocenę możliwości zastosowania koncepcji w polskich przedszkolach we współczesności. Zebrany materiał badawczy pozwolił na sformułowanie postulatów, które m.in. dotyczą podjęcia dalszych działań w celu propagowania wspomnianej koncepcji.

Language: Polish

ISSN: 2353-7426