Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori est entrée dans l’histoire avec l’élaboration d’une méthode qui s’appuie sur une vision de l’éducation comme ensemble de pratiques basées sur les ressources de l’élève et son élan vers l’exploration et la compréhension du monde. Cette éducation, capable, d’une part, de répondre aux besoins spécifiques et aux centres d’intérêts de l’enfant et, d’autre part, de respecter son rythme de développement, suppose de repenser entièrement les rôles traditionnels d’enseignant et d’élève. Quelles sont les conditions historiques et culturelles qui ont favorisé l’émergence de la pédagogie montessorienne? Quels obstacles ont rencontré la circulation de la méthode montessorienne et sa mise en œuvre dans les écoles? Quelle est la contribution de l’approche montessorienne à l’idée contemporaine d’éducation et d’école? L’article explore l’expérience montessorienne et son héritage, afin de proposer quelques réponses à ces questions. [Maria Montessori went down in history with the development of a method that is based on a vision of education as a set of practices based on the student's resources and his drive towards the exploration and understanding of world. This education, capable, on the one hand, of meeting the specific needs and centers of interest of the child and, on the other hand, of respecting its pace of development, involves completely rethinking the traditional roles of teacher and student. What are the historical and cultural conditions that favored the emergence of Montessorian pedagogy? What obstacles have encountered the circulation of the Montessorian method and its implementation in schools? What is the contribution of the Montessorian approach to the contemporary idea of ​​education and school? The article explores the Montessorian experience and its heritage, in order to offer some answers to these questions.]

Language: French

DOI: 10.4000/ries.7162

ISSN: 1254-4590

Language: German

Published: Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany: Herder, 1979

ISBN: 3-451-18295-5

Abstract/Notes: Bu çalışmada eğitim felsefesinde adı çokça zikredilen Fransız filozof Jean-Jacquez Rousseau’nun, Maria Montessori tarafından kurulan ve kendi adıyla anılan Montessori eğitim yöntemi üzerindeki etkisi incelenecektir. Rousseau’nun meşhur Emile kitabı, eğitimin amacı ve işlevi meselesine dair ayrıntılı bir izah içerir. Onun eğitim konusuna yaklaşımı kimi zaman sert tartışmalara sebep olmuş kimi zaman da ilham kaynağı olmuştur. İtalya’nın ilk kadın doktoru olarak da bilinen Maria Montessori onun fikirlerinden olumlu yönde etkilenen bir isimdir. Montessori, yaşama uzanan yardım eli yaklaşımına indirgediği eğitim meselesini aldığı tıp, felsefe ve antropoloji eğitimi sayesinde geniş bir bakış açısıyla inceler. Bu sayede daha sistemli ve bilimsel temeli olan bir eğitim modeli sunar. Rousseau ise kelimenin tam anlamıyla sistematik olmaktansa doğal gidişata göre hareket etmeyi ve kendi gözlemlerinden faydalanmayı tercih eder. Bu tercihinden dolayı kendisine ağır eleştirilerin yapıldığı da bir gerçektir. Rousseau’nun ve Maria Montessori’nin eğitim alanındaki fikirleri pek çok tartışmayı beraberinde getirse de her iki ismin pedagoji alanındaki etkisi görmezden gelinemez. Ancak Rousseau’nun bu alandaki düşüncelerinin bir eğitim tasarısı ya da eğitime dair yapılan bir yorum düzeyinde kaldığı söylenebilir. Rousseau’nun aksine Maria Montessori’nin fikirlerinin ise pek çok ülkede benimsendiği ve bu fikir doğrultusunda pek çok eğitim kurumunun açıldığı görülür. Her ne kadar somut alanda aralarında bu denli fark olsa da çıkış noktaları ve eğitim alanındaki bazı tasavvurları benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada söz konusu benzerlik kavramsal bir çerçeve doğrultusunda ele alınacaktır. Böylece Rousseau’nun Maria Montessori üzerindeki etkisi irdelenip onun eğitim alanında bir romandan fazlasını yazdığı sonucuna ulaşılacaktır. / In this study, the effect of the French philosopher Jean-Jacquez Rousseau, whose name is mentioned a lot in educational philosophy, on the Montessori education method established by Maria Montessori and named after her will be examined. Rousseau’s famous book Emile contains a detailed explanation on the goal and function of the education. Sometimes, his approach to education caused very significant discussions and sometimes it was a source of inspiration. Maria Montessori, who is also known as Italy’s first female doctor was one of the names who was affected from his opinion in a positive way. Montessori examines the issue of education considered as helping hand approach to life from a wide perspective thanks to her education in medicine, philosophy and anthropology. In this way, she presents a more systematic and scientific based education model. On the other hand, Rousseau prefers to act according to the natural course and uses his own observations rather than being systematic in the strictest sense of the world. It is a fact that he was heavily criticized for this preference. Even though Rousseau and Maria Montessori’s ideas on the education field bring a lot of debate, the effect of both names in pedagogy cannot be ignored. However, it can be noted that Rousseau’s ideas in the field stayed only as an education design or a comment made on education. Unlike Rousseau, it is seen that Maria Montessori’s ideas were adopted in many countries and a lot of educational institutions were established in the direction of this idea. Although there is such a difference between them in the concrete field, their starting points and some of their imaginations in the field of education are similar. These similarities in the direction of a conceptual frame will be addressed in the study. Thus, Rousseau’s influence on Maria Montessori will be examined and it will be concluded that he wrote more than a novel in the field of education.

Language: Turkish

DOI: 10.29228/JASSS.50020

ISSN: 2148-4163

Language: German

ISSN: 0944-2537

Language: Dutch

Published: Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press, 1999

ISBN: 90-5356-300-8 978-90-5356-300-7

Language: English

Published: [S.I.]: Fleege, 1984

Edition: 9. ed

Language: German

Published: Berlin, Germany: LIT Verlag, 2009

ISBN: 978-3-8258-1650-6

Series: Impulse der Reformpädagogik , 24

Language: German

DOI: 10.5169/seals-851106

ISSN: 0256-6826

Language: English

ISSN: 0519-0959

Abstract/Notes: This is an article from Montessori Education, a Japanese language periodical published by the Japan Association Montessori.

Language: Japanese

ISSN: 0913-4220