Language: German

Published: Innsbruck, Germany: Studienverlag, 1997

ISBN: 978-3-7065-1223-7

Abstract/Notes: This contribution aims to highlight the aspects of the Montessori Method that are particularly functional to inclusive classroom management and for a heterogeneous school context. The theoretical framework is the idea of education in the Montessori approach in that she is considered the forerunner of an inclusive pedagogical vision. In fact, while the first years of her research were addressed to the field of special education, she was soon convinced of the possibility of extending her studies also to “conventional” schools. On the basis of this belief, her experimental work was soon extended from institutions for disabled children to a series of kindergartens (called “Children’s House”) first in Rome and then in the rest of the world. In the second part of this brief analysis, a study is presented on the use of the QBS questionnaire (Tobia & Marzocchi, 2015) with a sample of 73 Montessori public school children and their parents. The questionnaire on “Quality of Wellbeing at School” is the tool we selected for the phase of data collection, with the intention to investigate the point of view of pupils and their parents. Our analysis aims to understand the perception of well-being at school in children and their families. The statistical analysis applied to the results from the administration of the questionnaires revealed some significant data, in particular in the scale relating to satisfaction and recognition and in the scale relating to the relationship with classmates. At the same time, the statistical analysis of the questionnaire dedicated to parents revealed a significant effect on the scale related to child awareness.

Language: Italian

ISSN: 2282-5061, 2282-6041

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0035-6247

Language: German

Published: Münster, Germany: Lit, 2002

ISBN: 978-3-8258-5746-2

Series: Impulse der Reformpädagogik , 7

Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori graduated in medicine from the University of Rome and subsequently took part in the research activities of Roman medical anthropology scholars, some of whom were leading exponents in Italian science and culture. Giuseppe Sergi was a major figure in the national public debate regarding some of the main concerns in Italian society, focusing on the causes and consequences of poverty and illiteracy, and the need for a more effective education system. The ideas of Sergi and other scholars (C. Bonfigli, S. De Sanctis, N. D'Alfonso) regarding these problems influenced Maria Montessori. Indeed, she was inspired and encouraged by Sergi himself to direct her activities and research to the field of childcare and education. Medical anthropology was therefore an essential element in the formation of the young Montessori, and the genesis of her pedagogy and method. Teaching at the Institute of Education for Women in Rome represented an opportunity to develop a relevant “pedagogical anthropology” for her scientific evolution, even though Maria Montessori herself would later leave it behind. / Maria Montessori es va llicenciar en medicina a la Universitat de Roma i posteriorment va participar en la investigació amb erudits romans d’antropologia mèdica, alguns dels quals eren els principals exponents del món científic i cultural italià. Giuseppe Sergi, en particular, va estar molt present en el debat públic nacional sobre alguns dels principals problemes de la societat italiana: les causes i les conseqüències de la pobresa i l'analfabetisme i la necessitat d'un sistema educatiu més eficaç. Les idees de Sergi i altres científics (C. Bonfigli, S. De Sanctis, N. D'Alfonso) sobre aquests problemes van influir en Maria Montessori. La jove doctora va ser inspirada i animada pel mateix Sergi a dirigir les seves activitats i investigacions en el camp de la cura i l’educació infantil. L’antropologia mèdica va ser, per tant, un element essencial en la formació de la jove Montessori i també en la gènesi de la seva pedagogia, així com del mètode. L'ensenyament a l’Institut femení del Magisteri de Roma va ser una oportunitat per desenvolupar una "antropologia pedagògica" rellevant per al seu creixement científic, fins al punt que la mateixa Maria Montessori la va superar i abandonar durant el procés de maduració del seu pensament. / María Montessori se graduó en medicina por la Universidad de Roma y posteriormente participó en la investigación con eruditos romanos de antropología médica, algunos de los cuales fueron exponentes distinguidos del mundo científico y cultural italiano. Giuseppe Sergi, en particular, estuvo muy presente en el debate público nacional sobre algunos de los principales problemas de la sociedad italiana, las causas y consecuencias de la pobreza y el analfabetismo y la necesidad de un sistema educativo más eficaz. Las ideas de Sergi y otros investigadores (C. Bonfigli, S. De Sanctis, N. D'Alfonso) sobre estos problemas influyeron en María Montessori y, por otro lado, la joven doctora se inspiró y fue animada por el propio Sergi para dirigir sus actividades e investigación en el campo del cuidado infantil y la educación. La antropología médica fue, por tanto, un elemento esencial en la formación de la joven Montessori y también en la génesis de su pedagogía, así como del método. La enseñanza en el Instituto femenino del Magisterio de Roma fue una oportunidad para desarrollar una "antropología pedagógica" relevante para su crecimiento científico, aunque la misma María Montessori la superó y abandonó durante el proceso de la maduración de su pensamiento.

Language: English

DOI: 10.2436/e&h.v0i40.150347

ISSN: 2013-9632, 1134-0258

Abstract/Notes: Maria Montessori (1870-1952) est l’une des grandes figures du courant de l’éducation nouvelle (voir l’encadré). Première femme diplômée de médecine dans son pays, elle s’occupe d’abord d’enfants dits « arriérés » ou « idiots ». Constatant que ces enfants peuvent progresser dans un environnement plus favorable, elle commence à développer tout un matériel pour les aider à lire et écrire. C’est en 1907, alors âgée de 37 ans, qu’elle a l’occasion de mettre au point sa méthode pédagogique qui, dès le début du xxe siècle, lui vaut une reconnaissance internationale. Cette fois, le ministre lui demande de prendre en charge les enfants défavorisés du quartier de San Lorenzo, un quartier ghetto de Rome, peuplé d’immigrants de l’Italie du Sud pour la plupart illettrés, où les enfants de 3 à 6 ans sont livrés à eux-mêmes. Dans l’unique pièce qui lui est octroyée, elle crée alors sa première casa dei bambini (maison des enfants). Elle fait construire des tables et des chaises adaptées à leur taille (grande innovation pour l’époque, qui inspirera les équipements des écoles maternelles) et crée un matériel pédagogique tactile et sensoriel. En l’espace de deux ans, c’est un véritable petit miracle qui s’accomplit. Les enfants, désordonnés et irrespectueux, sont devenus « polis et calmes ». Mais il y a plus : ils ont appris à écrire et à lire. De nouvelles maisons des enfants et des écoles voient le jour dans Rome. Des observateurs arrivent de partout. Montessori organisera des stages à Londres, Nice, Berlin, Amsterdam, Barcelone, San Francisco et même en Inde, où elle s’installe pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale… [ It was in 1907, then aged 37, that she had the opportunity to perfect her teaching method which, from the beginning of the twentieth century, earned her international recognition. This time, the minister asks him to take care of the disadvantaged children of the district of San Lorenzo, a ghetto district of Rome, populated by immigrants from southern Italy for the most part illiterate, where children from 3 to 6 years old are left to fend for themselves. In the only room granted to her, she then created her first casa dei bambini (children's house). She built tables and chairs adapted to their size (a major innovation for the time, which would inspire nursery school equipment) and created tactile and sensory educational material. In the space of two years, a real little miracle takes place. Children, messy and disrespectful, have become "polite and calm". But there is more: they have learned to write and read. New children's homes and schools are emerging in Rome. Observers are coming from everywhere. Montessori will organize internships in London, Nice, Berlin, Amsterdam, Barcelona, ​​San Francisco and even in India, where she settled during World War II ...]

Language: French

Published: Auxerre, France: Éditions Sciences Humaines, 2018

ISBN: 978-2-36106-465-5

Abstract/Notes: The introduction of complex mathematical concepts through perceptual and sensorial hands-on experiences is one of the most relevant aspects of the Montessori method proposal. This article aims to investigate the origins of the Montessori’s profound interest for mathematics, studying the history of the education of mathematics, after the unification of Italy, in which her school education took place. Her key concepts and beliefs about the learning of mathematics and, furthermore, the evolution of her proposal will be illustrated through the analysis of her main publications, both the generalist and the specialized ones in the field of mathematics (Psicoaritmetica and Psicogeometria), and handwritten notes about the lessons of XVI° international course, held in Rome in 1931, which the Opera Nazionale Montessori acquired from her students’ archives. Finally, an overview of the actualization of the Montessori method in the contemporary research will be explained, particularly focusing on the neuroscientific discoveries which have proved the effectiveness of the Montessori proposal to empower the cognitive processes involved in the development of mathematical thinking.

Language: Italian

DOI: 10.36253/rse-10375

ISSN: 2532-2818

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0042-7241

Language: German

ISSN: 0340-1634

Language: Italian

ISSN: 0033-9571, 1724-1871