Language: Japanese

Language: German

Published: Wien, Austria: Jugend & Volk, 2020

ISBN: 978-3-7100-4362-8 3-7100-4362-X

Language: German

Published: Münster, Germany: Lit, 2002

ISBN: 978-3-8258-5746-2

Series: Impulse der Reformpädagogik , 7

Abstract/Notes: La storia del movimento montessoriano comincia in Italia con l’apertura della prima “Casa dei bambini” nel quartiere popolare di San Lorenzo a Roma. Maria Montessori ha raccontato la storia delle prime scuole che applicarono il suo metodo nei libri che hanno reso celebre il nome Montessori in molti paesi del mondo. Molto resta ancora da studiare nella storia del movimento montessoriano successiva alla morte della sua fondatrice. Anche le prime case dei bambini di Roma furono trasformate negli anni del regime fascista, chiuse e riaperte dopo la fine del regime. La vita stessa di Maria Montessori è stata ampiamente studiata, ma alcuni periodi della sua vita possono essere ancora approfonditi. La proposta educativa sulla quale il metodo Montessori è basato è stata arricchita nel corso del tempo; oggi le ricerche di Angeline S. Lillard hanno aggiornato la teoria dell’educazione montessoriana con importanti riferimenti alla psicologia dell’età evolutiva contemporanea. Lo studio della pedagogia Montessori richiede oggi una conoscenza approfondita del contesto storico di un secolo fa e della vita di Maria Montessori. La conoscenza adeguata della psicologia del bambino è fondamentale per l’uso efficace del metodo e dei materiali. Ciascun bambino è diverso e ha bisogno di insegnanti che conoscano adeguatamente i principi e i valori che orientano l’attività delle case dei bambini; l’applicazione del metodo deve essere legata allo stile educativo democratico e aperto che Maria Montessori ha posto alla base della sua teoria dell’educazione. / evolutiva contemporanea. Lo studio della pedagogia Montessori richiede oggi una conoscenza approfondita del contesto storico di un secolo fa e della vita di Maria Montessori. La conoscenza adeguata della psicologia del bambino è fondamentale per l’uso efficace del metodo e dei materiali. Ciascun bambino è diverso e ha bisogno di insegnanti che conoscano adeguatamente i principi e i valori che orientano l’attività delle case dei bambini; l’applicazione del metodo deve essere legata allo stile educativo democratico e aperto che Maria Montessori ha posto alla base della sua teoria dell’educazione. Montessori con importantes referencias a la psicología evolutiva contemporánea. El estudio actual de la pedagogía Montessori requiere de un profundo conocimiento del contexto histórico de hace un siglo y de la vida de María Montessori. El conocimiento adecuado de la psicología infantil es fundamental para el uso eficaz del método y los materiales. Cada niño es diferente y necesita de maestros que conozcan adecuadamente los principios y valores que orientan la actividaded de las “Casa dei Bambini”; la aplicación del método debe estar asociada con el estilo educativo democrático y abierto que Maria Montessori puso en la base de su teoría de la educación. / The history of the Montessori Movement began in Italy with the opening of the first children’s home in the popular area of San Lorenzo in Rome. Maria Montessori told the story of the first schools which applied her method in the books that have made famous her name in many countries around the world. Much remains to be studied in the history of the Montessori Movement after the death of its founder. Even the first houses of the children in Rome ceased their activities during the years of the fascist regime and reopened after the end of the regime. The life of Maria Montessori has been extensively studied, but some periods of her life may be further studied. The educational proposal on which the Montessori method is based has been enriched in the course of time; today, Angeline S. Lillard’s researches have updated the Montessori educational theory with important references to contemporary developmental psychology. The study of Montessori pedagogy today would require a thorough understanding of the historical context of a century ago and of the life of Maria Montessori herself. Adequate knowledge of child psychology is fundamental to the effective use of the method and materials; each child is different and needs teachers who know adequately the principles and values that guide the activities of the children’s homes; the application of the method must be linked to the democratic and open educational style that Maria Montessori made the basis of her theory of education.

Language: Italian

ISSN: 2255-0666

Abstract/Notes: La presente investigación plantea como problema ¿Cuál es la relación entre el método “Montessori” y el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura en niños de 5 años de la institución educativa Nº 437 del distrito de Santo Domingo de Acobamba 2019? La hipótesis, existe relación entre el método “Montessori” y el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura en niños de 5 años de la institución educativa Nº 437 del distrito de Santo Domingo de Acobamba 2019, el objetivo general fue determinar la relación entre el método “Montessori” y el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura en niños de 5 años de la institución educativa Nº 437 del distrito de Santo Domingo de Acobamba 2019. La investigación se desarrolló de acuerdo al método científico, como método específico al descriptivo estadístico. La investigación es no experimental, y su diseño correlacional. Considera una muestra censal de 36 alumnos entre varones y mujeres de cinco años. La técnica empleada fue la encuesta, se aplicaron dos instrumentos; un cuestionario sobre el método Montessori, y un test de lectoescritura. El método “Montessori presenta tres dimensiones; etapa de conversación, pre lectura, pre escritura. La variable lectoescritura estudia las dimensiones: habilidades de lenguaje, habilidades de lectura y habilidades de escritura. Aplicado los instrumentos de investigación, se realizó el procesamiento de datos mediante la prueba t de student para muestras relacionadas La investigación permitió determinar que existe diferencia significativa (p= 0.000) según el método Montessori en el aprendizaje de la Lectoescritura pretest y el aprendizaje de la Lectoescritura postest en los niños de 5 años de la institución educativa N° 437 del distrito de Santo Domingo de Acobamba 2019. [The present research poses as a problem: What is the relationship between the “Montessori” method and the learning of literacy in 5-year-old children of the educational institution No. 437 of the district of Santo Domingo de Acobamba 2019? The hypothesis, there is a relationship between the "Montessori" method and the learning of literacy in 5-year-old children of the educational institution No. 437 of the district of Santo Domingo de Acobamba 2019, the general objective was to determine the relationship between the "Montessori" method and the learning of literacy in 5-year-old children of the educational institution No. 437 of the Santo Domingo de Acobamba district 2019. The research was developed according to the scientific method, as a specific method to the statistical descriptive. The research is non-experimental, and its design correlational. Consider a census sample of 36 five-year-old boys and girls. The technique used was the survey, two instruments were applied; a questionnaire about the Montessori method, and a literacy test. The “Montessori method has three dimensions; stage of conversation, pre reading, pre writing. The literacy variable studies the dimensions: language skills, reading skills, and writing skills. Applying the research instruments, the data processing was carried out using the student's t test for related samples The research allowed to determine that there is a significant difference (p = 0.000) according to the Montessori method in the learning of Pretest Literacy and the learning of the Post-test literacy in 5-year-old children from educational institution No. 437 of the district of Santo Domingo de Acobamba 2019.]

Language: Spanish

Published: Trujillo, Peru, 2019

Language: Italian

Published: Firenze: Giunti-Bemporad Marzocco, 1970

Abstract/Notes: Ovim radom nastoji se istaknuti važnost alternativnih škola koje u svijetu paralelno s državnim školama funkcioniraju od prve polovice 20. st. Metodom komparativne analize prikazuju se tri originalna pedagoška modela: Montessori-pedagogija, waldorfske škole i Freinetov pokret. Posebna pozornost posvećena je teoretskim postavkama i didaktičko-metodičkim posebnostima navedenih pedagoških modela. Steinerova pedagogija temelji se na antropozofiji, Montessori pedagogija na antropologiji, dok je rad temelj Freinetove pedagogije. Zajednička sastavnica ovih alternativnih modela jest: sloboda u širem značenju, poštivanje djeteta kao individue, samostalan rad učenika, učenje istraživanjem, poticanje suradnje u kolektivu, promjena uloge učitelja, korištenje raznih materijala i tehnika u organizaciji učenja i nastave i općenito bolja priprema za život u društvu. Proučavajući temeljne sličnosti i razlike alternativnih školskih sustava, može se zaključiti da je rad i cjelokupna organizacija učenja i nastave uvelike drugačija nego u državnim školama. Obzirom da u Hrvatskoj postoji nekolicina škola koje rade po koncepcijama ovih pedagogija, svrha je rada da se zanimljiva didaktičkometodička rješenja implementiraju u postojeće državne škole, a time i poboljšaju razvoj pedagoškog i školskog pluralizma. [This article tries to point-out the importance of alternative schools which have existed in the world parallel with public schools from the first half of the 20th century. The method of comparative analysis shows three original pedagogical models: Montessori pedagogy, Waldorf schools and Freinet’s movement. Special attention was given to theoretical theses and didactic-methodological particularities of these pedagogical models. Steiner’s pedagogy is based on anthroposophy; Montessori’s pedagogy is based on anthropology, while in Freinet’s pedagogy work is fundamental. The models share the following characteristics: freedom in a broader sense, respect for the child as an individual, individual work of the student, learning through research, stimulation of group cooperation, use of different methods and materials in the organization of learning activities, and generally better preparation for life in society. By analyzing similarities and differences between alternative pedagogical models and those used in public schools, we can conclude that the overall organization of teaching classes differs considerably from that in public schools. Since there are only few schools in Croatia that work following the conceptions of these pedagogies, the main purpose of this work is to implement these interesting didactic-methodical solutions in the existing public schools and by doing so to enhance the development of pluralism in education.]

Language: Croatian

ISSN: 0037-654X, 1848-0756

Language: Afrikaans

Published: Bloemfontein, South Africa, 1988

Abstract/Notes: In accordance with the constructivist concept of didactics, the teacher’s duty is to support students in acquiring tools for understanding the world and building resources of their own knowledge and skills. On the other hand, the task of education is to help each individual in developing his ability to become a holistic human being, not just a tool for economics. The charge directed most often towards the Polish school is failure to perform this task, which is manifested by the poor preparation of young people to live and work, to the development challenges, but also the threats of the modern world. It is worth looking for solutions that will create opportunities for children and young people to develop according to their abilities. One of such solutions has the pedagogy of Maria Montessori emphasizing the importance of the child’s activity in the process of learning. The article compared briefly the hebratism with the trend of “new upbringing” to which Maria Montessori’s pedagogy is included, and further considerations have been referred to the modern knowledge of how the brain is taught. / W myśl konstruktywistycznej koncepcji dydaktyki powinnością nauczyciela jest wspieranie uczniów w zdobywaniu przez nich narzędzi poznania i rozumienia świata oraz budowaniu zasobów własnej wiedzy i umiejętności. Zadaniem edukacji jest natomiast pomoc każdej jednostce w rozwijaniu zdolności w stawaniu się całościowym bytem ludzkim, a nie jedynie narzędziem dla ekonomii. Zarzutem kierowanym najczęściej w kierunku polskiej szkoły jest niewywiązywanie się z tego zadania, co przejawia się słabym przygotowaniem młodych ludzi do życia i pracy, do wyzwań rozwojowych, ale i zagrożeń współczesnego świata. Warto poszukiwać takich rozwiązań, które stworzą dzieciom i młodzieży możliwość rozwoju na miarę ich możliwości. Jednym z takich rozwiązań dysponuje pedagogika Marii Montessori, podkreślając znaczenie aktywności dziecka w procesie jego uczenia się. W artykule krótko porównano hebratyzm z nurtem „nowego wychowania”, do którego zaliczana jest pedagogika Marii Montessori, a dalsze rozważania odniesione zostały do współczesnej wiedzy o tym, jak uczy się mózg.

Language: Polish

DOI: 10.15584/eti.2018.1.35

ISSN: 2080-9069, 2450-9221

Abstract/Notes: İtalyan eğitim felsefesi uzmanı Maria Montessori 1970 yılında İtalya Ancora’da dünyaya gelmiştir. Yüzyılı aşkın süredir kullanılan Montessori eğitim sistemi Maria Montessori tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Herhangi bir sınırlamanın bulunmadığı bu eğitim sistemiyle çocuklara özgür bir eğitim sunulur. Günümüzde Montessori eğitimlerini verebilmek amacıyla İngiltere’de bulunan Uluslararası Montessori Derneği tarafından eğitmen yetiştirilmektedir. Bu eğitim anaokulu, ilkokul ve bazı ülkelerde lise seviyesine kadar çıkmaktadır. Maria Montessori 1907 yılında ilk çocukevi “Casa dei Bambini”de engelli olmayan çocuklarla çalışmalarında yaptığı gözlemlerde çocukların nelerden hoşlandıklarını ve nelerden hoşlanmadıklarını saptar. Maria Montessori çocukların: ödüllerden, cezalardan,oyuncaklardan, öğretmen masasından,toplu derslerden hoşlanmadıklarını, özgür seçimden, hatalarını kendilerin denetiminden, sessizlikten, sosyal ilişkilerini kendileri tarafından kurmasından, kitapsız okuma ve yazmadan hoşlandıklarını gözlemledi. Çocukların kendilerini birey olarak görmesinin sağlandığı Montessori eğitiminde aile, öyretmen ve öyrenci iş birliği içerisindedir. Öğrencinin öyrenme hızı doğrultusunda eğitim verilir ve bilgi akılla değil el yordamıyla öğrenilir.Soyut kavramların somut kavramlarla anlaşılması sağlanır. Montessori eğitimi emelde kişiliğin oluşumu üzerinde durmaktadır. Maria Montessori bunu açıkça şu şekilde ifade etmektedir:” Eğitimde metot değil,insan kişiliği göz önüne alınmaktadır.” [Italian pedagogue Maria Montessori was born in 1970 in Ancona, Italy. The Montessori education system, which has been used for over a century, was developed by Maria Montessori. With this education system, where there is no restriction, a free education is offered to children. Today, trainers are trained by the International Montessori Association in England in order to provide Montessori education. This education goes up to kindergarten, primary school and in some countries high school level. Maria Montessori determined what the children liked and disliked in her observations while working with non-disabled children in the first children's home “Casa dei Bambini” in 1907. Maria Montessori observed that children: they do not like rewards, punishments, toys, teacher's desk, group lessons, they like free choice, control over their mistakes, silence, establishing social relations by themselves, reading and writing without books. In Montessori education, where children see themselves as individuals, family, teacher and student are in cooperation. Education is given in line with the student's learning pace and knowledge is learned by groping, not by mind. It is ensured that abstract concepts are understood with concrete concepts. Montessori education primarily focuses on the formation of personality. Maria Montessori expresses this clearly as follows: “In education, not the method, but the human personality is taken into consideration.”]

Language: Turkish

ISSN: 2148-9963