Language: German

Published: München: Kindler, 1978

ISBN: 3-463-00716-9

Abstract/Notes: Engelli çocukların gelişmesi ve iyi yönde ilerleme kaydetmesi, devam ettikleri okullarda almış oldukları eğitim hizmetinin niteliği ile yakından ilişkisi vardır. Engelli çocuklar, diğer normal çocuklar gibi yaşamlarını bağımsız olarak sürdürebilmeleri için günlük yaşamda gerekli bazı davranışları öğrenmeleri gerekir. Engelli çocuklar görerek ve dokunarak öğrendikleri için materyal öğretiminin önemli bir yeri ve eğitici bir etkisi vardır. Pedagojinin etkili temsilcilerinden M. Montessori bu gerçeği görerek engelli çocukların bazı davranışları kolaylıkla edinebilmeleri için farklı gelişim alanlarına yönelik çeşitli materyaller geliştirmiş ve engelli çocukların duyu organlarının eğitimine ağırlık vermiştir. Bu amaçla araştırmada Montessori-Materyallerinden 'geometrik cisimlerin' işitme engelli ve zihin engelli çocukların alıcı dil becerilerinden görsel algı düzeyleri üzerinde etkili olup olmadığı saptanmak istenmiştir. Araştırmanın evreni, Konya'daki KOMMES-İşitme ve Konuşma Özürlüler Rehabilitasyon Merkezine ve EMPATİ-Zihinsel Yetersiz Çocukları Yetiştirme ve Koruma Vakfı'na devam etmekte olan ve belirlenen ön koşul becerilerinin yerine getirebilen 20 işitme engelli (on çocuk kontrol grubu-10 çocuk deney grubu olmak üzere), 20'de zihin engelli (on çocuk kontrol grubu-10 çocuk deney grubu olmak üzere), toplam 40 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada ön test son test kontrol gruplu model uygulanmıştır. Öğrencilerin alıcı dil becerilerinden görsel algı düzeyleri Dönmez ve arkadaşlarının (1997) dil gelişimi etkinlikleri çalışmasından yararlanılarak araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan 5 maddelik ölçek ile ölçülmüştür. Bu maddeler; 1. tanıyabilme 2. ayırt edebilme 3. gruplayabilme 4. şekil seçme ve bulabilme 5. başka şekiller oluşturabilme Araştırmanın amacına göre ki-kare kullanılmış ve grupların ortalamaları arasındaki farklılıklar 't' testi ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda işitme engelli ve zihin engelli öğrencilerin görsel algı düzeylerine ilişkin başlangıç düzeylerine ait bulgularına bakıldığında işitme engellilerde (hem deney hem de kontrol grubunda) sonuçların anlamlı olmadığı; zihin engellilerin başlangıç düzeylerine ait bulgularına bakıldığında ise sonuçların anlamlı olduğuna varılmıştır. Başlangıç düzeyi tespitinden sonra 6 haftalık bir süreçte programın etkililiğini incelemek için Montessori-Materyali 'geometrik cisimler' uygulanmıştır. Bu süre sonunda işitme engelliler deney grubunda alıcı dil becerilerinden görsel algı düzeylerinde önemli bir değişiklik saptanmamıştır, zihin engelli deney grubunda ise görsel algı düzeylerinde önemli bir değişiklik elde edilmiştir. Her grup kendi içersinde başlangıç düzeyleri ve 6 haftalık bir süre sonunda test düzeyleri karşılaştırıldığında elde edilen bulgular ise şu şekildedir; İşitme engelli deney grubunun başlangıç düzeyini kontrol grubu ile denk olduğu, 6 haftalık uygulama sonunda da anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olmadığı saptanmıştır. Zihin engelli deney grubunun ise başlangıç düzeyi kontrol grubu ile denk olarak saptanmış, fakat 6 haftalık uygulama sonunda elde edilen sonucun anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu tespit olmuştur. Kontrol gruplarına ise 6 hafta boyunca geleneksel yöntem ile öğretimlerine devam edilmiştir. 6 hafta sonra uygulanan test düzeyleriyle başlangıç düzeyleri karşılaştırıldığında manidar bir farklılık bulunmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. / There is a closest relation and correlation between the positive progressing for underdeveloped-spastic children and the quality of training and their educational performance that was given by their school. In order to continue and follow up their daily life by themselves just like a normal ones, they - underdeveloped children must learn some attitudes, so that underdeveloped children learn by sights and sensation. Therefore, learning by materials has a big importance and also these materials have a great training effects on their learning period. M. Montessori, who created some new approaches on pedagogy by her prescient for reality, developed new methods and created different materials focus on differentiated progressive fields of gaining attitudes and talents by underdeveloped children, hence Montessori focused on the training of senses of underdeveloped children. The purpose of this research study is determination of the effectiveness of 'geometric objects' which included by Montessori training materials, over the children's, those are deafness and mentally insufficient, receptive linguistic of the level of visual perception. The environment-space of this research study is KOMMES-Deafness And Non-Speaker Rehabilitation Center and EMPATİ-Mentally Insufficient Children Training and Protection Foundation. This experimental research study covers insufficient children follow up the courses and training of these two scholl, the selected 20 deafness children who can perform predetermined and conditioned talents (10 of these for controlling, the other 10 for experimental purposes) additionally 20 mentally insufficient children (again 10 for control and the other 10 for experimental purposes). 40 children totally were followed up. In this study Salomon's four-quadral-group model was applied and examined. Them, the students' receptive linguistic abilities through the level of visual perception - Dönmez and Ark's study of linguistic development effectiveness (1997) was measured with 5 factors scale which was prepared by researcher. These are 1. Recognition, 2. Distinguishing, 3. Sorting-Grouping, 4. Selection of figures and finding, 5. Creating the figures and forming. According to aim of this research-study, ki-square was used and the differences between the means of each group were determined by 't' test method. The results of this research study are, the beginning levels of visual perception of deafness children and of the children who are mentally insufficient; it is found that the results of deafness children-for both in control and in experimental group, are not meaningful. The findings of the level of beginning for mentally insufficient children are meaningful. After the determination of the beginning level, Geometric-three dimensional-objects from Montessori's materials method was applied in order to inspect the effectiveness of program for 6 weeks period. At the end of this period, for the experimental group of deafness children. It cannot be found that important changes on the level of visual perception of receptive linguistic talents, On the other hand, in experimental group covers the mentally insufficient children, important changes on visual perception level were found. For each group, the beginning levels of intra group and end of the 6 weeks period, comparing the group's level of test, the findings are as follow: The level of beginning for the experimental group of deafness children is equivalent to the level of beginning for the control group. After the 6 weeks experimental application, it was found that the level changes are not meaningful as much as. It was found that the level of beginning for the experimental group of mentally insufficient children is equivalent to the level of beginning for the control group these are mentally insufficient children. But, end of the 6 weeks experimental application, meaningful changes were taken from results. Along with the 6 weeks period, in controlling groups, the training and learning progress had been continued based on conventional method. End of the 6 weeks period, by the level of applied test and the level of beginning were compared. It was found that there is no valuable and notable differences between these two.

Language: Turkish

Published: Konya, Turkey, 2005

Language: German

ISSN: 0944-2537

Language: English

ISSN: 0571-1142

Language: English

Published: New York, New York: Putnam's sons, 1967

Abstract/Notes: The development of self-care skills in children is a part of the Core curriculum for preschool education. The contents regarding formation of such skills include shaping hygiene practices, goodhabits and developing motor skills. Maria Montessori drew attention to the development of selfcare skills and functional independence. In her concept of preschool child education, Maria Montessori developed practical life activities which were intended to serve the development of specificskills and their application to everyday life. Therefore, the aim of the research was to identify thelevel of self-care skills in 4-year-old children attending selected kindergartens located in MińskMazowiecki and Siedlce. The research was conducted on 200 children from Non-public CreativeActivity Montessori Kindergarten ‘Zameczek’ in Siedlce, Non-public Montessori Kindergarten‘Delfinek’ in Mińsk Mazowiecki and 6 traditional kindergartens — 2 of which were located inMińsk Mazowiecki and 4 located in Siedlce. The obtained research results indicated a varied levelof self-care skills depending on kindergarten the children attended.

Language: Polish

ISSN: 2353-7140, 2353-7159

Language: English

Language: French, Italian

Published: Roma, Italy: Ente Opera Montessori, 1950

Abstract/Notes: Dominasi guru dalam proses belajar masih banyak terlihat, salah satu buktinya saat terjadi pandemik Covid-19, siswa dan orang tua menjadi kebingungan ketika harus belajar dari rumah tanpa kehadiran guru secara langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implikasi student-centred learning terhadap perkembangan anak di PAUD Montessori Futura Indonesia, Lombok Barat. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi dalam pengumpulan data. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 10 siswa yang berusia antara 4-6 tahun. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa cara yang diterapkan oleh guru dalam pelaksanaan student-centred learning, yaitu: penggabungan usia, penyesuaian fasilitas dengan kebutuhan dan ukuran tubuh anak, menanamkan kemandirian dan mengurangi keterlibatan guru, menyediakan fasilitas bermain yang lengkap dan beragam, dan berkolaborasi dengan orang tua. Sedangkan implikasi student-centred learning terhadap perkembangan anak dapat terlihat dari beberapa pencapaian anak pada 6 aspek perkembangan yaitu aspek perkembangan nilai agama dan moral, fisik-motorik, kognitif, sosial-emosional, dan seni. Oleh sebab itu, guru perlu memberikan kesempatan kepada anak untuk mengeksplorasi lingkungan belajar dengan mempersiapkan kegiatan bermain sesuai kebutuhan anak.

Language: Indonesian

DOI: 10.31004/obsesi.v7i3.3323

ISSN: 2549-8959

Abstract/Notes: En el presente trabajo se describen y comparan los niveles de adaptación, ansiedad y autoestima registrados en 72 alumnos de escuela tradicional y 65 de escuela Montessori de la ciudad de Puebla, de entre 9 y 12 años de edad. No habiendo encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las tres variables estudiadas entre estas dos escuelas, es dado concluir que tanto la adaptación, como la ansiedad y la autoestima son fenómenos determinados por una multiplicidad de factores tanto internos (inteligencia, personalidad, maduración, aptitudes, actitudes, entre otros.), como externos (familia, escuela, sociedad, cultura), que actúan interrelacionados. Así mismo se establecen las correlaciones existentes entre adaptación, ansiedad y autoestima. Se describen, además, los análisis factoriales aplicados a los tres instrumentos psicométricos utilizados en esta investigación, ya que dos fueron generados en España y otro en Estados Unidos de América. Se recomienda que, ante la escasez de instrumentos psicométricos construidos y validados en nuestro país, se promuevan investigaciones que tengan como fin la producción y difusión de tests en México, lo que permitirá realizar estudios confiables y válidos en el campo de la Psicología. [In this work, the levels of adaptation, anxiety and self-esteem registered in 72 students from a traditional school and 65 from a Montessori school in the city of Puebla, between 9 and 12 years of age, are described and compared. Not having found statistically significant differences in the three variables studied between these two schools, it is possible to conclude that both adaptation, anxiety and self-esteem are phenomena determined by a multiplicity of internal factors (intelligence, personality, maturation, aptitudes, attitudes , among others.), and external (family, school, society, culture), which act interrelated. Likewise, the existing correlations between adaptation, anxiety and self-esteem are established. The factor analyzes applied to the three psychometric instruments used in this research are also described, since two were generated in Spain and another in the United States of America. It is recommended that, given the shortage of psychometric instruments built and validated in our country, research is promoted aimed at the production and dissemination of tests in Mexico, which will allow reliable and valid studies in the field of Psychology.]

Language: Spanish

Published: Cholula, Mexico, 2010